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Yaşam Memnuniyeti ve Mutluluk Eşitsizliği: Türkiye’den Bulgular

Year 2021, Volume: 16 Issue: 61, 455 - 477, 31.01.2021

Ömer Limanlı

https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.771699
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın iki amacı bulunmaktadır. İlki Türkiye’deki yaşam memnuniyeti ve mutluluk kutuplaşması ile eşitsizliğinin düzeyini ortaya koymaktır. İkincisi din, gelir dağılımı, ideoloji ve güven bağlamında yaşam memnuniyeti ve mutluluğun belirleyicilerini tahmin etmektir. Bu doğrultuda 1990-2011 dönemini kapsayan World Values Survey veri seti kullanılmıştır. Kutuplaşma endekslerinden elde edilen bulgulara göre yaşam memnuniyeti ve mutluluk kutuplaşması ele alınan dönemde önce artmış daha sonra azalmıştır. Gelgelelim yaşam memnuniyeti eşitsizliği 1990-2011 yılları arasında artmıştır. Tahmin sonuçları din, ideoloji ve kurumsal güven gibi faktörlerin yaşam memnuniyeti ve mutluluk üzerinde etkili olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

Keywords

Eşitsizlik Mutluluk Türkiye Yaşam Memnuniyeti

References

  • Abul Naga, Ramses H., ve Tarık Yalçın. 2008. “Inequality Measurement for Ordered Response Health Data.” Journal of Health Economics 27 (6): 1614–25.
  • Alper, Sinan, ve Onurcan Yılmaz. 2020. Sağcılığın ve Solculuğun Psikolojisi: Farklı Dünyaların İnsanları. 1st ed. Ankara: Nobel Bilimsel Eserler.
  • Apouey, Benedicte. 2007. “Measuring Health Polarization with Self-Assessed Health Data.” Health Economics 16 (9): 875–94.
  • Aysan, Mehmet Fatih, ve Ümmügülsüm Aysan. 2017. “The Effect of Employment Status on Life Satisfaction in Europe.” İçinde Empirical Studies on Economics of Innovation, Public Economics and Management, editörler Mehmet Hüseyin Bilgin, Hakan Danış, Ender Demir, ve Uğur Can, 6:335–47. Eurasian Studies in Business and Economics. Springer.
  • Bruni, Luigino. 2007. “The ‘Technology of Happiness’ and the Tradition of Economic Science.” İçinde Handbook on the Economics of Happiness, editörler by Luigino Bruni ve Pier Luigi Porta, 24–52. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Butz, Sebastian, Pascal J. Kieslich, ve Herbert Bless. 2017. “Why Are Conservatives Happier than Liberals? Comparing Different Explanations Based on System Justification, Multiple Group Membership, and Positive Adjustment.” European Journal of Social Psychology 47 (3): 362–72.
  • Caner, Asena. 2015. “Happiness, Comparison Effects, and Expectations in Turkey.” Journal of Happiness Studies 16 (5): 1323–45.
  • Clark, Andrew E., Paul Frijters, ve Michael A. Shields. 2008. “Relative Income, Happiness, and Utility: An Explanation for the Easterlin Paradox and Other Puzzles.” Journal of Economic Literature 46 (1): 95–114.
  • Cowell, Frank A., ve Emmanuel Flachaire. 2017. “Inequality with Ordinal Data.” Economica 84 (334): 290–321.
  • Diener, Ed, Shigehiro Oishi, ve Richard E. Lucas. 2009. “Subjective Well-Being: The Science of Happiness and Life Satisfaction.” İçinde The Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology, editörler Shane J. Lopez ve C.R. Snyder, 186–94. Oxford University Press.
  • Dolan, Paul, Tessa Peasgood, ve Mathew White. 2008. “Do We Really Know What Makes Us Happy? A Review of the Economic Literature on the Factors Associated with Subjective Well-Being.” Journal of Economic Psychology 29 (1): 94–122.
  • Douthitt, Robin A., Maurice Macdonald, ve Randolph Mullis. 1992. “The Relationship between Measures of Subjective and Economic Well-Being: A New Look.” Social Indicators Research 26 (4): 407–22.
  • Dumludağ, Devrim. 2013. “Life Satisfaction and Income Comparison Effects in Turkey.” Social Indicators Research 114 (3): 1199–1210.
  • Easterlin, Richard A. 1974. “Does Economic Growth Improve the Human Lot? Some Empirical Evidence.” İçinde Nations and Households in Economic Growth: Essays in Honor of Moses Abramovitz, editörler Paul A. David ve Melwin W. Reder, 89–125. New York: Academic Press.
  • Eichhorn, J. 2012. “Happiness for Believers? Contextualizing the Effects of Religiosity on Life-Satisfaction.” European Sociological Review 28 (5): 583–93.
  • Ekici, Tufan, ve Selda Koydemir. 2014. “Social Capital, Government and Democracy Satisfaction, and Happiness in Turkey: A Comparison of Surveys in 1999 and 2008.” Social Indicators Research 118 (3): 1031–53.
  • Elgar, Frank J., Christopher G. Davis, Michael J. Wohl, Stephen J. Trites, John M. Zelenski, ve Michael S. Martin. 2011. “Social Capital, Health and Life Satisfaction in 50 Countries.” Health & Place 17 (5): 1044–53.
  • Frey, Bruno S. 2008. Happiness: A Revolution in Economics. Munich Lectures in Economics. The MIT Press. ———. 2018. Economics of Happiness. Springer Briefs in Economics. Springer International Publishing.
  • Frey, Bruno S, ve Alois Stutzer. 2002. “What Can Economists Learn from Happiness Research?” Journal of Economic Literature 40 (2): 402–35.
  • Gallie, Duncan, ve Helen Russell. 1998. “Unemployment and Life Satisfaction: A Cross-Cultural Comparison.” European Journal of Sociology 39 (2): 248–80.
  • Gärling, Tommy, ve Amelie Gamble. 2017. “Life Satisfaction and Emotional Well-Being: Psychological, Economic and Social Factors.” İçinde Economic Psychology, 405–20. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  • Gitmez, Ali S., ve Göktuğ Morçöl. 1994. “Socio-Economic Status and Life Satisfaction in Turkey.” Social Indicators Research 31 (1): 77–98.
  • Goff, Leonard, John F. Helliwell, ve Guy Mayraz. 2018. “Inequality of Subjective Well-Being as a Comprehensive Measure of Inequality.” Economic Inquiry 56 (4): 2177–94.
  • Guidi, Marco E. L. 2007. “Jeremy Bentham’s Quantitative Analysis of Happiness and Its Asymmetries.” İçinde Handbook on the Economics of Happiness, editörler Luigino Bruni ve Pier Luigi Porta, 68–94. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Hall, Alicia. 2014. “Life Satisfaction, Concept Of.” In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, editörler Alex C. Michalos, 3599–3601. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
  • Jenkins, Stephen P. 2019. “INEQORD: Stata Module to Calculate Indices of Inequality and Polarization for Ordinal Data.” Statistical Software Components S458723. https://ideas.repec.org/c/boc/bocode/s458723.html.
  • Jorda, Vanesa, Borja López-Noval, ve José María Sarabia. 2019. “Distributional Dynamics of Life Satisfaction in Europe.” Journal of Happiness Studies 20 (4): 1015–39.
  • Joshanloo, Mohsen, ve Dan Weijers. 2016. “Religiosity Moderates the Relationship between Income Inequality and Life Satisfaction across the Globe.” Social Indicators Research 128 (2): 731–50.
  • Kalmijn, Wim, ve Ruut Veenhoven. 2005. “Measuring Inequality of Happiness in Nations: In Search for Proper Statistics.” Journal of Happiness Studies 6 (4): 357–96.
  • Madden, David. 2011. “The Impact of an Economic Boom on the Level and Distribution of Subjective Well-Being: Ireland, 1994–2001.” Journal of Happiness Studies 12 (4): 667–79.
  • Mikucka, Malgorzata, Francesco Sarracino, ve Joshua K. Dubrow. 2017. “When Does Economic Growth Improve Life Satisfaction? Multilevel Analysis of the Roles of Social Trust and Income Inequality in 46 Countries, 1981–2012.” World Development 93: 447–59.
  • Napier, Jaime L., ve John T. Jost. 2008. “Why Are Conservatives Happier Than Liberals?” Psychological Science 19 (6): 565–72.
  • Ng, Jason Wei Jian, Santha Vaithilingam, ve Gary John Rangel. 2017. “The Role of Life Satisfaction on Election Voting Preferences in Malaysia.” Asian Journal of Social Science 45 (1–2): 149–75.
  • Ng, Yew-Kwang. 2003. “From Preference to Happiness: Towards a More Complete Welfare Economics.” Social Choice and Welfare 20 (2): 307–50.
  • Önemli, M. Burak, ve Nursel Aydıner-Avşar. 2016. “Türkiye’de Yaşam Memnuniyetine Ilişkin Mekȃnsal Bir Eşitsizlik Analizi.” ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi 43 (Ağustos): 607–34.
  • Oswald, Andrew J. 1997. “Happiness and Economic Performance.” The Economic Journal 107 (445): 1815–31. Ott, Jan. 2005. “Level and Inequality of Happiness in Nations: Does Greater Happiness of a Greater Number Imply Greater Inequality in Happiness?” Journal of Happiness Studies 6 (4): 397–420.
  • Rojas, Mariano. 2019. “The Relevance of Richard A. Easterlin’s Groundbreaking Work. A Historical Perspective.” İçinde The Economics of Happiness: How the Easterlin Paradox Transformed Our Understanding of Well-Being and Progress, editör Mariano Rojas, 3–24. Springer International Publishing.
  • Selim, Sibel. 2008. “Life Satisfaction and Happiness in Turkey.” Social Indicators Research 88 (3): 531–62. Senik, Claudia. 2005. “Income Distribution and Well-Being: What Can We Learn from Subjective Data?” Journal of Economic Surveys 19 (1): 43–63.
  • Sönmez, Alper, ve Özlem Altunsu Sönmez. 2018. “Life Satisfaction and Happiness with Regard to Human Capital and Religiosity in Turkey.” Bingöl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 8 (16): 217–34.
  • Susanlı, Z. Bilgen. 2018. “Life Satisfaction and Unemployment in Turkey: Evidence from Life Satisfaction Surveys 2004–2013.” Quality & Quantity 52 (1): 479–99.
  • Tella, Rafael Di, ve Robert MacCulloch. 2006. “Some Uses of Happiness Data in Economics.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 20 (1): 25–46.
  • Veenhoven, Ruut. 2005. “Return of Inequality in Modern Society? Test by Dispersion of Life-Satisfaction Across Time and Nations.” Journal of Happiness Studies 6 (4): 457–87.
  • ———. 2013. “The Four Qualities of Life Ordering Concepts and Measures of the Good Life.” İçinde The Exploration of Happiness, editör Antonella Delle Fave, 195–226. Happiness Studies Book Series. Springer, Dordrecht.
  • ———. 2015. “Happiness: History of the Concept.” İçinde International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, editör James D. Wright, 2nd ed., 10:521–25. Elsevier.
  • Verme, Paolo. 2011. “Life Satisfaction and Income Inequality.” Review of Income and Wealth 57 (1): 111–27.
  • World Values Survey Association. 2020. “World Values Survey 1981-2014 Longitudianl Aggregate v.20150418.” Madrid: World Values Survey Association. http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSDocumentationWVL.jsp.
  • Yorulmaz, Özlem. 2016. “Relationship Between Religiosity and Happiness in Turkey: Are Religious People Happier?” Cankiri Karatekin Universitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakultesi Dergisi 6 (1): 801–18.

Life Satisfaction and Happiness Inequality: Evidence from Turkey

Year 2021, Volume: 16 Issue: 61, 455 - 477, 31.01.2021

Ömer Limanlı

https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.771699
Cited By: 1

Abstract

References

  • Abul Naga, Ramses H., ve Tarık Yalçın. 2008. “Inequality Measurement for Ordered Response Health Data.” Journal of Health Economics 27 (6): 1614–25.
  • Alper, Sinan, ve Onurcan Yılmaz. 2020. Sağcılığın ve Solculuğun Psikolojisi: Farklı Dünyaların İnsanları. 1st ed. Ankara: Nobel Bilimsel Eserler.
  • Apouey, Benedicte. 2007. “Measuring Health Polarization with Self-Assessed Health Data.” Health Economics 16 (9): 875–94.
  • Aysan, Mehmet Fatih, ve Ümmügülsüm Aysan. 2017. “The Effect of Employment Status on Life Satisfaction in Europe.” İçinde Empirical Studies on Economics of Innovation, Public Economics and Management, editörler Mehmet Hüseyin Bilgin, Hakan Danış, Ender Demir, ve Uğur Can, 6:335–47. Eurasian Studies in Business and Economics. Springer.
  • Bruni, Luigino. 2007. “The ‘Technology of Happiness’ and the Tradition of Economic Science.” İçinde Handbook on the Economics of Happiness, editörler by Luigino Bruni ve Pier Luigi Porta, 24–52. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Butz, Sebastian, Pascal J. Kieslich, ve Herbert Bless. 2017. “Why Are Conservatives Happier than Liberals? Comparing Different Explanations Based on System Justification, Multiple Group Membership, and Positive Adjustment.” European Journal of Social Psychology 47 (3): 362–72.
  • Caner, Asena. 2015. “Happiness, Comparison Effects, and Expectations in Turkey.” Journal of Happiness Studies 16 (5): 1323–45.
  • Clark, Andrew E., Paul Frijters, ve Michael A. Shields. 2008. “Relative Income, Happiness, and Utility: An Explanation for the Easterlin Paradox and Other Puzzles.” Journal of Economic Literature 46 (1): 95–114.
  • Cowell, Frank A., ve Emmanuel Flachaire. 2017. “Inequality with Ordinal Data.” Economica 84 (334): 290–321.
  • Diener, Ed, Shigehiro Oishi, ve Richard E. Lucas. 2009. “Subjective Well-Being: The Science of Happiness and Life Satisfaction.” İçinde The Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology, editörler Shane J. Lopez ve C.R. Snyder, 186–94. Oxford University Press.
  • Dolan, Paul, Tessa Peasgood, ve Mathew White. 2008. “Do We Really Know What Makes Us Happy? A Review of the Economic Literature on the Factors Associated with Subjective Well-Being.” Journal of Economic Psychology 29 (1): 94–122.
  • Douthitt, Robin A., Maurice Macdonald, ve Randolph Mullis. 1992. “The Relationship between Measures of Subjective and Economic Well-Being: A New Look.” Social Indicators Research 26 (4): 407–22.
  • Dumludağ, Devrim. 2013. “Life Satisfaction and Income Comparison Effects in Turkey.” Social Indicators Research 114 (3): 1199–1210.
  • Easterlin, Richard A. 1974. “Does Economic Growth Improve the Human Lot? Some Empirical Evidence.” İçinde Nations and Households in Economic Growth: Essays in Honor of Moses Abramovitz, editörler Paul A. David ve Melwin W. Reder, 89–125. New York: Academic Press.
  • Eichhorn, J. 2012. “Happiness for Believers? Contextualizing the Effects of Religiosity on Life-Satisfaction.” European Sociological Review 28 (5): 583–93.
  • Ekici, Tufan, ve Selda Koydemir. 2014. “Social Capital, Government and Democracy Satisfaction, and Happiness in Turkey: A Comparison of Surveys in 1999 and 2008.” Social Indicators Research 118 (3): 1031–53.
  • Elgar, Frank J., Christopher G. Davis, Michael J. Wohl, Stephen J. Trites, John M. Zelenski, ve Michael S. Martin. 2011. “Social Capital, Health and Life Satisfaction in 50 Countries.” Health & Place 17 (5): 1044–53.
  • Frey, Bruno S. 2008. Happiness: A Revolution in Economics. Munich Lectures in Economics. The MIT Press. ———. 2018. Economics of Happiness. Springer Briefs in Economics. Springer International Publishing.
  • Frey, Bruno S, ve Alois Stutzer. 2002. “What Can Economists Learn from Happiness Research?” Journal of Economic Literature 40 (2): 402–35.
  • Gallie, Duncan, ve Helen Russell. 1998. “Unemployment and Life Satisfaction: A Cross-Cultural Comparison.” European Journal of Sociology 39 (2): 248–80.
  • Gärling, Tommy, ve Amelie Gamble. 2017. “Life Satisfaction and Emotional Well-Being: Psychological, Economic and Social Factors.” İçinde Economic Psychology, 405–20. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  • Gitmez, Ali S., ve Göktuğ Morçöl. 1994. “Socio-Economic Status and Life Satisfaction in Turkey.” Social Indicators Research 31 (1): 77–98.
  • Goff, Leonard, John F. Helliwell, ve Guy Mayraz. 2018. “Inequality of Subjective Well-Being as a Comprehensive Measure of Inequality.” Economic Inquiry 56 (4): 2177–94.
  • Guidi, Marco E. L. 2007. “Jeremy Bentham’s Quantitative Analysis of Happiness and Its Asymmetries.” İçinde Handbook on the Economics of Happiness, editörler Luigino Bruni ve Pier Luigi Porta, 68–94. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Hall, Alicia. 2014. “Life Satisfaction, Concept Of.” In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, editörler Alex C. Michalos, 3599–3601. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
  • Jenkins, Stephen P. 2019. “INEQORD: Stata Module to Calculate Indices of Inequality and Polarization for Ordinal Data.” Statistical Software Components S458723. https://ideas.repec.org/c/boc/bocode/s458723.html.
  • Jorda, Vanesa, Borja López-Noval, ve José María Sarabia. 2019. “Distributional Dynamics of Life Satisfaction in Europe.” Journal of Happiness Studies 20 (4): 1015–39.
  • Joshanloo, Mohsen, ve Dan Weijers. 2016. “Religiosity Moderates the Relationship between Income Inequality and Life Satisfaction across the Globe.” Social Indicators Research 128 (2): 731–50.
  • Kalmijn, Wim, ve Ruut Veenhoven. 2005. “Measuring Inequality of Happiness in Nations: In Search for Proper Statistics.” Journal of Happiness Studies 6 (4): 357–96.
  • Madden, David. 2011. “The Impact of an Economic Boom on the Level and Distribution of Subjective Well-Being: Ireland, 1994–2001.” Journal of Happiness Studies 12 (4): 667–79.
  • Mikucka, Malgorzata, Francesco Sarracino, ve Joshua K. Dubrow. 2017. “When Does Economic Growth Improve Life Satisfaction? Multilevel Analysis of the Roles of Social Trust and Income Inequality in 46 Countries, 1981–2012.” World Development 93: 447–59.
  • Napier, Jaime L., ve John T. Jost. 2008. “Why Are Conservatives Happier Than Liberals?” Psychological Science 19 (6): 565–72.
  • Ng, Jason Wei Jian, Santha Vaithilingam, ve Gary John Rangel. 2017. “The Role of Life Satisfaction on Election Voting Preferences in Malaysia.” Asian Journal of Social Science 45 (1–2): 149–75.
  • Ng, Yew-Kwang. 2003. “From Preference to Happiness: Towards a More Complete Welfare Economics.” Social Choice and Welfare 20 (2): 307–50.
  • Önemli, M. Burak, ve Nursel Aydıner-Avşar. 2016. “Türkiye’de Yaşam Memnuniyetine Ilişkin Mekȃnsal Bir Eşitsizlik Analizi.” ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi 43 (Ağustos): 607–34.
  • Oswald, Andrew J. 1997. “Happiness and Economic Performance.” The Economic Journal 107 (445): 1815–31. Ott, Jan. 2005. “Level and Inequality of Happiness in Nations: Does Greater Happiness of a Greater Number Imply Greater Inequality in Happiness?” Journal of Happiness Studies 6 (4): 397–420.
  • Rojas, Mariano. 2019. “The Relevance of Richard A. Easterlin’s Groundbreaking Work. A Historical Perspective.” İçinde The Economics of Happiness: How the Easterlin Paradox Transformed Our Understanding of Well-Being and Progress, editör Mariano Rojas, 3–24. Springer International Publishing.
  • Selim, Sibel. 2008. “Life Satisfaction and Happiness in Turkey.” Social Indicators Research 88 (3): 531–62. Senik, Claudia. 2005. “Income Distribution and Well-Being: What Can We Learn from Subjective Data?” Journal of Economic Surveys 19 (1): 43–63.
  • Sönmez, Alper, ve Özlem Altunsu Sönmez. 2018. “Life Satisfaction and Happiness with Regard to Human Capital and Religiosity in Turkey.” Bingöl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 8 (16): 217–34.
  • Susanlı, Z. Bilgen. 2018. “Life Satisfaction and Unemployment in Turkey: Evidence from Life Satisfaction Surveys 2004–2013.” Quality & Quantity 52 (1): 479–99.
  • Tella, Rafael Di, ve Robert MacCulloch. 2006. “Some Uses of Happiness Data in Economics.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 20 (1): 25–46.
  • Veenhoven, Ruut. 2005. “Return of Inequality in Modern Society? Test by Dispersion of Life-Satisfaction Across Time and Nations.” Journal of Happiness Studies 6 (4): 457–87.
  • ———. 2013. “The Four Qualities of Life Ordering Concepts and Measures of the Good Life.” İçinde The Exploration of Happiness, editör Antonella Delle Fave, 195–226. Happiness Studies Book Series. Springer, Dordrecht.
  • ———. 2015. “Happiness: History of the Concept.” İçinde International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, editör James D. Wright, 2nd ed., 10:521–25. Elsevier.
  • Verme, Paolo. 2011. “Life Satisfaction and Income Inequality.” Review of Income and Wealth 57 (1): 111–27.
  • World Values Survey Association. 2020. “World Values Survey 1981-2014 Longitudianl Aggregate v.20150418.” Madrid: World Values Survey Association. http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSDocumentationWVL.jsp.
  • Yorulmaz, Özlem. 2016. “Relationship Between Religiosity and Happiness in Turkey: Are Religious People Happier?” Cankiri Karatekin Universitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakultesi Dergisi 6 (1): 801–18.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ömer Limanlı 0000-0002-6897-4253

Publication Date January 31, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 16 Issue: 61

Cite

APA Limanlı, Ö. (2021). Yaşam Memnuniyeti ve Mutluluk Eşitsizliği: Türkiye’den Bulgular. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, 16(61), 455-477. https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.771699
AMA Limanlı Ö. Yaşam Memnuniyeti ve Mutluluk Eşitsizliği: Türkiye’den Bulgular. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi. January 2021;16(61):455-477. doi:10.19168/jyasar.771699
Chicago Limanlı, Ömer. “Yaşam Memnuniyeti Ve Mutluluk Eşitsizliği: Türkiye’den Bulgular”. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 16, no. 61 (January 2021): 455-77. https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.771699.
EndNote Limanlı Ö (January 1, 2021) Yaşam Memnuniyeti ve Mutluluk Eşitsizliği: Türkiye’den Bulgular. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 16 61 455–477.
IEEE Ö. Limanlı, “Yaşam Memnuniyeti ve Mutluluk Eşitsizliği: Türkiye’den Bulgular”, Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, vol. 16, no. 61, pp. 455–477, 2021, doi: 10.19168/jyasar.771699.
ISNAD Limanlı, Ömer. “Yaşam Memnuniyeti Ve Mutluluk Eşitsizliği: Türkiye’den Bulgular”. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 16/61 (January 2021), 455-477. https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.771699.
JAMA Limanlı Ö. Yaşam Memnuniyeti ve Mutluluk Eşitsizliği: Türkiye’den Bulgular. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi. 2021;16:455–477.
MLA Limanlı, Ömer. “Yaşam Memnuniyeti Ve Mutluluk Eşitsizliği: Türkiye’den Bulgular”. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, vol. 16, no. 61, 2021, pp. 455-77, doi:10.19168/jyasar.771699.
Vancouver Limanlı Ö. Yaşam Memnuniyeti ve Mutluluk Eşitsizliği: Türkiye’den Bulgular. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi. 2021;16(61):455-77.

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