Kişisel Değerlerin Restoran Seçimine Etkisi: Dışarıda Yemek Yeme Motivasyonlarının Aracılık Rolü
Yıl 2021,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 63, 1256 - 1281, 31.07.2021
Bahattin Özdemir
,
Ayşe Şahin
Öz
Bu araştırmanın amacı kişisel değerler, dışarıda yemek yeme motivasyonları ve restoran seçimi arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. İlgili literatürden yararlanılarak dört hipotez belirlenmiştir. Bunlardan ikisi kişisel değerlerin motivasyonlar ve restoran seçimi üzerindeki etkisi; diğer ikisi ise motivasyonların restoran seçimine etkisi ile kişisel değerler ve restoran seçimindeki aracılık rolüyle ilgilidir. Çevrimiçi olarak yürütülen veri toplama safhasında 398 kişiye ulaşılmış ve uç değerler nedeniyle elenen soru formlarından dolayı 391 adet soru formu değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile ölçüm modelinin uygunluğu değerlendirildikten sonra araştırma modeli kapsamında oluşturulan hipotezler yapısal eşitlik modeli ile test edilmiştir. Hipotezlerin tamamı araştırma bulgularından destek bulmuştur. Bulgular ışığında kişisel değerlerin restoran seçimi ve dışarıda yemek yeme motivasyonlarını etkileyen bir faktör olduğu ve dışarıda yemek yeme motivasyonlarının restoran seçimini etkilediği gibi değerler ve restoran seçimi arasında aracılık rolü üstlendiği saptanmıştır. Bulgular ve ilgili literatür ışığında kişisel değerlerin restoran seçiminin koşul bağımlılık özelliğini azaltan bir değişken olabileceği görüşü tartışılmıştır.
Kaynakça
- Akova, O., Çifçi, İ., Atsız, O. & Gezeroğlu, B. 2017. Understanding the Motivational Factors of Dining Out: A Study at Fatih Kadınlar Bazaar in Istanbul. Tourismos: An International Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism, 11(1), 19-38.
- Albayrak, A. 2014. Müşterilerin Restoran Seçimlerini Etkileyen Faktörler: İstanbul Örneği. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 25(2), 190-201.
- Ali, J. & Nath, T. 2013. Factors Affecting Consumers' Eating-Out Choices in India: Implications for the Restaurant Industry. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 16(2), 197-209.
- Alonso, A. D., O’Neill, M., Liu, Y. & O’Shea, M. 2013. Factors Driving Consumer Restaurant Choice: An Exploratory Study From the Southeastern United States. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 22, 547-567.
- Arıker, Ç. 2012. Tüketicilerin Restoran Seçiminde Kullandıkları Seçim Kriterleri İle Demografik Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişki. Öneri Dergisi, 10(38), 11-31.
- Auty, S. 1992. Consumer Choice and Segmentation in the Restaurant Industry. Service Industries Journal, 12(3), 324-339.
- Bekar, A. & Dönmez, F. 2016. Tüketicilerin Dışarıda Yemek Yeme Nedenlerine İlişkin Bir Değerlendirme. Social Sciences (NWSASOS), 11(1), 1-15.
- Beldona, S., Moreo, A.P. & Das Mundhra, G. 2010. The Role of Involvement And Variety‐Seeking in Eating Out Behaviors. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(3), 433-444.
- Choi, J. & Zhao, J. 2010. Factors Influencing Restaurant Selection in South Florida: Is Health Issue One of the Factors Influencing Consumers’ Behavior When Selecting a Restaurant? Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 13(3), 237-251.
- Chryssohoidis, G. M. & Krystallis, A. 2005. Organic Consumers Personal Values Research: Testing and Validating The List of Values (LOV) Scale and Implementing a Value Based Segmentation Task. Food Quality and Preference, 16, 585-599.
- Crompton, J. L. 1979. Motivations for pleasure vacation. Annals of Tourism Research, 6, 408-424.
- Cullen, F. 2004. Factors Influencing Restaurant Selection in Dublin. Journal of Foodservice Research, 7(2), 53-85.
- Dreezens, E., Martijn, C., Tenbult, P., Kok, G. & de Vries, N. K. 2005. Food and Values: An Examination of Values Underlying Attitudes Toward Genetically Modified and Organically Grown Food Products. Appetite, 44(1), 115-122.
Ertürk, M. 2018. Müşterilerin Yiyecek İçecek İşletmeleri Tercihlerinde Etkili Olan Kriterler. Türk Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(1), 85-107.
- Gómez-Corona, C. & Valentin, D. 2019. An Experiential Culture: A Review on User, Product, Drinking and Eating Experiences in Consumer Research. Food Research International, 115, 328-337.
- Gürbüz, S. 2019. AMOS ile Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi Temel İlkeler ve Uygulamalı Analizler. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
- Gürbüz, S. & Şahin, F. 2018. Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
- Hansen, T., Sørensen, M. I. & Eriksen, M. L. R. 2018. How the Interplay Between Consumer Motivations and Values Influences Organic Food Identity and Behavior. Food Policy, 74, 39-52.
- Harrington, R. J., Ottenbacher, M. C. & Kendall, K. W. 2011. Fine-Dining Restaurant Selection: Direct and Moderating Effects of Customer Attributes. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 14(3), 272-289.
- Harrington, R. J., Ottenbacher, M. C. & Way, K. 2013. QSR Choice: Key Restaurant Attributes and the Roles of Gender, Age and Dining Frequency. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 14(1), 81-100.
- Huber, F., Herrmann, A. & Morgan, R. E. 2001. Gaining Competitive Advantage Through Customer Value Oriented Management. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18(1), 41- 53.
- Jang, Y., Kim, W. & Bonn, M. 2011. Generation Y Consumers’ Selection Attributes And Behavioral Intentions Concerning Green Restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(4), 803-811.
- Jung, J., Sydnor, S., Lee, S. & Almanza, B. 2015. A Conflict of Choice: How Consumers Choose Where To Go For Dinner. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 45, 88-98.
- Kahraman, M. 2018. Ulusal Kültür Boyutlarının ve Kişisel Değerlerin Çalışan Mutluluğuna Etkisi: Türk ve Slovak Akademisyenler Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Araştırma, Doktora Tezi, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Burdur.
- Karalar, R. & Kiracı, H. 2010. Bireysel Değerlerin Sürdürülebilir Tüketim Davranışı Üzerindeki Etkisini Belirlemeye Yönelik Öğretmenler Üzerinde Bir Araştırma. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(2), 79-106.
- Kesic, T. & Piri-Rajh, S. 2003. Market Segmentation on The Basis of Food Related Lifestyles of Croatian Families. British Food Journal, 105(3), 162-174.
- Kim, E. & Geistfeld, L. V. 2003. Consumer’s Restaurant Choice Behavior and the Impact of Socio Economic and Demographic Factors. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 6(1), 3-24.
- Kim, H. J., Lee, C., Kim, M. & Ryu, K. 2011. Restaurant Healthy Food Quality, Perceived Value, And Revisit Intention: Testing a Moderating Role of Green Customers in South Korea. International CHRIE Conference-Refereed Track, July 29 2011.
- Kim, J., Forsythe, S., Gu, Q. & Moon, S. J. 2002. Cross-Cultural Consumer Values, Needs and Purchase Behavior. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 19(6), 481-502.
- Kim, S., Ham, S., Moon, H., Chua, B. & Han, H. 2019. Experience, Brand Prestige, Perceived Value (Functional, Hedonic, Social, and Financial), and Loyalty Among GROCERANT Customers. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 77, 169-177.
- Kim, S., Lee, C. & Klenosky, D. 2003. The Influence of Push And Pull Factors At Korean National Parks. Tourism Management, 24(2), 169-180.
- Kivela, J. 1997. Restaurant Marketing: Selection and Segmentation in Hong Kong. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 9(3), 116-123.
- Kline, R. B. 2011. Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. New York: Guilford Publications.
- Koo, L. C., Tao, F. K. C. & Yeung, J. H. C. 1999. Preferential Segmentation of Restaurant Attributes Through Conjoint Analysis. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 11(5), 242-253.
- Korkmaz Devrani, T. 2010. Kişisel Değerlerin Kuramsal Yapısı ve Pazarlamadaki Uygulamalar. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 5(1), 49‐70.
- Krejcie, R. V. & Morgan, D. W. 1970. Determining Sample Size for Research Activities, Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607-610.
- Kwun, D. J., Hwang, H. J. & Kim, T. 2013. Eating-Out Motivations and Variety-Seeking Behavior: An Exploratory Approach on Loyalty Behavior. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 22(3), 289-312.
- Lee, P. Y., Lusk, K., Mirosa, M. & Oey, I. 2014. The Role of Personal Values in Chinese Consumers’ Food Consumption Decisions A Case Study of Healthy Drinks. Appetite, 73, 95-104.
- Liu, P. & Tse, E. C. Y. 2018. Exploring Factors On Customers’ Restaurant Choice: An Analysis of Restaurant Attributes. British Food Journal, 120(10), 2289-2303.
- MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., Hoffman, J. M., West, S. G. & Sheets, V. 2002. A Comparison of Methods To Test Mediation and Other Intervening Variable Effects. Psychological Methods, 7(1), 83-104.
- Medeiros, C.O. & Salay, E. 2013. A Review of Food Service Selection Factors Important to the Consumer. Food and Public Health, 3(4), 176-190.
- Murphy, K. R. & Davidshofer, C. O. 1988. Psychological Testing: Principles and Applications. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
- Narine, T. & Badrie, N. 2007. Influential Factors Affecting Food Choices of Consumers When Eating Outside the Household in Trinidad, West Indies. Journal of Food Products, 13(1), 19-29.
- Nişancı, Z. N., Özdoğan, Y. & Bölüktepe, F. E. 2018. Dışarıda Yemek Yeme Davranışının Nedenlerini Belirlemeye Yönelik İzmir İlinde Bir Araştırma. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1), 60-71.
- Özdemir, B. 2010. Dışarıda Yemek Yeme Olgusu: Kuramsal Bir Model Önerisi. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 21(2), 218-232.
- Özdemir, B. 2018. Yemek Deneyimi, K. Karamustafa (Ed.) Yiyecek ve İçecek Yönetimi kitabı içinde (sayfa 47-74). Detay Yayıncılık: Ankara.
- Park, C. 2004. Efficient or enjoyable? Consumer Values of Eating-Out and Fast Food Restaurant Consumption in Korea. Hospitality Management, 23, 87-94.
- Ponnam, A. & Balaji, M. S. 2014. Matching Visitation-Motives and Restaurant Attributes in Casual Dining Restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 37, 47-57.
- Ryu, K., Han, H. & Jang, S. 2010. Relationships Among Hedonic and Utilitarian Values, Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions in the Fast-casual Restaurant Industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(3), 416-432.
- Ryu, K., Lee, H. & Kim, W. G. 2012. The Influence of The Quality of The Physical Environment, Food, And Service On Restaurant Image, Customer Perceived Value, Customer Satisfaction, And Behavioral Intentions. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 24(2), 200-223.
- Schwartz, S. H. 1992. Universals in The Content and Structure of Values. Theoretical Advances and Empirical Tests in 20 Countries. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25, 1-65.
- Schwartz, S. H. 2003. A Proposal For Measuring Value Orientations Across Nations. Questionnaire Package of the European Social Survey, 259-290.
- Sweeney, J. C. & Soutar, G. N. 2001. Consumer Perceived Value: The Development of A Multiple Item Scale. Journal of Retailing, 77, 203-220.
- Van Huy, L., Chi, M. T., Lobo, A., Nguyen, N. & Long, H. P. 2019. Effective Segmentation of Organic Food Consumers in Vietnam Using Food-Related Lifestyles. Sustainability, 11, 1-16.
- Vinson, D. E., Scott, J. E. & Lamont, L. M. 1977. The Role of Personal Values in Marketing and Consumer Behavior. Journal of Marketing, 41, 44-50.
- Wijaya, S., King, B., Nguyen, T. & Morrison, A. 2013. International Visitor Dining Experiences: A Conceptual Framework. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 20, 34-42.
- Yılmaz, G. & Gültekin, S. 2016. Consumers and Tourists’ Restaurant Selections, Global Issues and Trends in Tourism kitabı içinde (sayfa 217-230). Sofia: St. Kliment Ohridski University Press.
- Zeithaml, V. A. 1988. Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality and Value: A Means-End Model and Synthesis of Evidence. Journal of Marketing, 52, 2-22.
The Effects of Personal Values on Restaurant Choice: The Mediating Role of Eating Out Motivations
Yıl 2021,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 63, 1256 - 1281, 31.07.2021
Bahattin Özdemir
,
Ayşe Şahin
Öz
This study aims to examine the effect of personal values on eating out motivations and restaurant choice. Relying on the prior researches, the relationship between personal values, eating out motivations and restaurant choice was discussed and questionnaires were administered to 398 participants in this study. After the elimination of questionnaires that contained extreme values, 391 questionnaires were analyzed. Firstly, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to evaluate the measurement model. Secondly, the hypotheses of the research were tested using structural equation modeling. All of the hypotheses were supported by the research findings. Results show that personal values are an important antecedent on restaurant choice. The findings of the study also implies that eating out motivations have a partial mediating role in the relationship between personal values and restaurant choice.
Kaynakça
- Akova, O., Çifçi, İ., Atsız, O. & Gezeroğlu, B. 2017. Understanding the Motivational Factors of Dining Out: A Study at Fatih Kadınlar Bazaar in Istanbul. Tourismos: An International Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism, 11(1), 19-38.
- Albayrak, A. 2014. Müşterilerin Restoran Seçimlerini Etkileyen Faktörler: İstanbul Örneği. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 25(2), 190-201.
- Ali, J. & Nath, T. 2013. Factors Affecting Consumers' Eating-Out Choices in India: Implications for the Restaurant Industry. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 16(2), 197-209.
- Alonso, A. D., O’Neill, M., Liu, Y. & O’Shea, M. 2013. Factors Driving Consumer Restaurant Choice: An Exploratory Study From the Southeastern United States. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 22, 547-567.
- Arıker, Ç. 2012. Tüketicilerin Restoran Seçiminde Kullandıkları Seçim Kriterleri İle Demografik Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişki. Öneri Dergisi, 10(38), 11-31.
- Auty, S. 1992. Consumer Choice and Segmentation in the Restaurant Industry. Service Industries Journal, 12(3), 324-339.
- Bekar, A. & Dönmez, F. 2016. Tüketicilerin Dışarıda Yemek Yeme Nedenlerine İlişkin Bir Değerlendirme. Social Sciences (NWSASOS), 11(1), 1-15.
- Beldona, S., Moreo, A.P. & Das Mundhra, G. 2010. The Role of Involvement And Variety‐Seeking in Eating Out Behaviors. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(3), 433-444.
- Choi, J. & Zhao, J. 2010. Factors Influencing Restaurant Selection in South Florida: Is Health Issue One of the Factors Influencing Consumers’ Behavior When Selecting a Restaurant? Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 13(3), 237-251.
- Chryssohoidis, G. M. & Krystallis, A. 2005. Organic Consumers Personal Values Research: Testing and Validating The List of Values (LOV) Scale and Implementing a Value Based Segmentation Task. Food Quality and Preference, 16, 585-599.
- Crompton, J. L. 1979. Motivations for pleasure vacation. Annals of Tourism Research, 6, 408-424.
- Cullen, F. 2004. Factors Influencing Restaurant Selection in Dublin. Journal of Foodservice Research, 7(2), 53-85.
- Dreezens, E., Martijn, C., Tenbult, P., Kok, G. & de Vries, N. K. 2005. Food and Values: An Examination of Values Underlying Attitudes Toward Genetically Modified and Organically Grown Food Products. Appetite, 44(1), 115-122.
Ertürk, M. 2018. Müşterilerin Yiyecek İçecek İşletmeleri Tercihlerinde Etkili Olan Kriterler. Türk Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(1), 85-107.
- Gómez-Corona, C. & Valentin, D. 2019. An Experiential Culture: A Review on User, Product, Drinking and Eating Experiences in Consumer Research. Food Research International, 115, 328-337.
- Gürbüz, S. 2019. AMOS ile Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi Temel İlkeler ve Uygulamalı Analizler. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
- Gürbüz, S. & Şahin, F. 2018. Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
- Hansen, T., Sørensen, M. I. & Eriksen, M. L. R. 2018. How the Interplay Between Consumer Motivations and Values Influences Organic Food Identity and Behavior. Food Policy, 74, 39-52.
- Harrington, R. J., Ottenbacher, M. C. & Kendall, K. W. 2011. Fine-Dining Restaurant Selection: Direct and Moderating Effects of Customer Attributes. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 14(3), 272-289.
- Harrington, R. J., Ottenbacher, M. C. & Way, K. 2013. QSR Choice: Key Restaurant Attributes and the Roles of Gender, Age and Dining Frequency. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 14(1), 81-100.
- Huber, F., Herrmann, A. & Morgan, R. E. 2001. Gaining Competitive Advantage Through Customer Value Oriented Management. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18(1), 41- 53.
- Jang, Y., Kim, W. & Bonn, M. 2011. Generation Y Consumers’ Selection Attributes And Behavioral Intentions Concerning Green Restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(4), 803-811.
- Jung, J., Sydnor, S., Lee, S. & Almanza, B. 2015. A Conflict of Choice: How Consumers Choose Where To Go For Dinner. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 45, 88-98.
- Kahraman, M. 2018. Ulusal Kültür Boyutlarının ve Kişisel Değerlerin Çalışan Mutluluğuna Etkisi: Türk ve Slovak Akademisyenler Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Araştırma, Doktora Tezi, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Burdur.
- Karalar, R. & Kiracı, H. 2010. Bireysel Değerlerin Sürdürülebilir Tüketim Davranışı Üzerindeki Etkisini Belirlemeye Yönelik Öğretmenler Üzerinde Bir Araştırma. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(2), 79-106.
- Kesic, T. & Piri-Rajh, S. 2003. Market Segmentation on The Basis of Food Related Lifestyles of Croatian Families. British Food Journal, 105(3), 162-174.
- Kim, E. & Geistfeld, L. V. 2003. Consumer’s Restaurant Choice Behavior and the Impact of Socio Economic and Demographic Factors. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 6(1), 3-24.
- Kim, H. J., Lee, C., Kim, M. & Ryu, K. 2011. Restaurant Healthy Food Quality, Perceived Value, And Revisit Intention: Testing a Moderating Role of Green Customers in South Korea. International CHRIE Conference-Refereed Track, July 29 2011.
- Kim, J., Forsythe, S., Gu, Q. & Moon, S. J. 2002. Cross-Cultural Consumer Values, Needs and Purchase Behavior. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 19(6), 481-502.
- Kim, S., Ham, S., Moon, H., Chua, B. & Han, H. 2019. Experience, Brand Prestige, Perceived Value (Functional, Hedonic, Social, and Financial), and Loyalty Among GROCERANT Customers. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 77, 169-177.
- Kim, S., Lee, C. & Klenosky, D. 2003. The Influence of Push And Pull Factors At Korean National Parks. Tourism Management, 24(2), 169-180.
- Kivela, J. 1997. Restaurant Marketing: Selection and Segmentation in Hong Kong. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 9(3), 116-123.
- Kline, R. B. 2011. Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. New York: Guilford Publications.
- Koo, L. C., Tao, F. K. C. & Yeung, J. H. C. 1999. Preferential Segmentation of Restaurant Attributes Through Conjoint Analysis. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 11(5), 242-253.
- Korkmaz Devrani, T. 2010. Kişisel Değerlerin Kuramsal Yapısı ve Pazarlamadaki Uygulamalar. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 5(1), 49‐70.
- Krejcie, R. V. & Morgan, D. W. 1970. Determining Sample Size for Research Activities, Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607-610.
- Kwun, D. J., Hwang, H. J. & Kim, T. 2013. Eating-Out Motivations and Variety-Seeking Behavior: An Exploratory Approach on Loyalty Behavior. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 22(3), 289-312.
- Lee, P. Y., Lusk, K., Mirosa, M. & Oey, I. 2014. The Role of Personal Values in Chinese Consumers’ Food Consumption Decisions A Case Study of Healthy Drinks. Appetite, 73, 95-104.
- Liu, P. & Tse, E. C. Y. 2018. Exploring Factors On Customers’ Restaurant Choice: An Analysis of Restaurant Attributes. British Food Journal, 120(10), 2289-2303.
- MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., Hoffman, J. M., West, S. G. & Sheets, V. 2002. A Comparison of Methods To Test Mediation and Other Intervening Variable Effects. Psychological Methods, 7(1), 83-104.
- Medeiros, C.O. & Salay, E. 2013. A Review of Food Service Selection Factors Important to the Consumer. Food and Public Health, 3(4), 176-190.
- Murphy, K. R. & Davidshofer, C. O. 1988. Psychological Testing: Principles and Applications. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
- Narine, T. & Badrie, N. 2007. Influential Factors Affecting Food Choices of Consumers When Eating Outside the Household in Trinidad, West Indies. Journal of Food Products, 13(1), 19-29.
- Nişancı, Z. N., Özdoğan, Y. & Bölüktepe, F. E. 2018. Dışarıda Yemek Yeme Davranışının Nedenlerini Belirlemeye Yönelik İzmir İlinde Bir Araştırma. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1), 60-71.
- Özdemir, B. 2010. Dışarıda Yemek Yeme Olgusu: Kuramsal Bir Model Önerisi. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 21(2), 218-232.
- Özdemir, B. 2018. Yemek Deneyimi, K. Karamustafa (Ed.) Yiyecek ve İçecek Yönetimi kitabı içinde (sayfa 47-74). Detay Yayıncılık: Ankara.
- Park, C. 2004. Efficient or enjoyable? Consumer Values of Eating-Out and Fast Food Restaurant Consumption in Korea. Hospitality Management, 23, 87-94.
- Ponnam, A. & Balaji, M. S. 2014. Matching Visitation-Motives and Restaurant Attributes in Casual Dining Restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 37, 47-57.
- Ryu, K., Han, H. & Jang, S. 2010. Relationships Among Hedonic and Utilitarian Values, Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions in the Fast-casual Restaurant Industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(3), 416-432.
- Ryu, K., Lee, H. & Kim, W. G. 2012. The Influence of The Quality of The Physical Environment, Food, And Service On Restaurant Image, Customer Perceived Value, Customer Satisfaction, And Behavioral Intentions. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 24(2), 200-223.
- Schwartz, S. H. 1992. Universals in The Content and Structure of Values. Theoretical Advances and Empirical Tests in 20 Countries. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25, 1-65.
- Schwartz, S. H. 2003. A Proposal For Measuring Value Orientations Across Nations. Questionnaire Package of the European Social Survey, 259-290.
- Sweeney, J. C. & Soutar, G. N. 2001. Consumer Perceived Value: The Development of A Multiple Item Scale. Journal of Retailing, 77, 203-220.
- Van Huy, L., Chi, M. T., Lobo, A., Nguyen, N. & Long, H. P. 2019. Effective Segmentation of Organic Food Consumers in Vietnam Using Food-Related Lifestyles. Sustainability, 11, 1-16.
- Vinson, D. E., Scott, J. E. & Lamont, L. M. 1977. The Role of Personal Values in Marketing and Consumer Behavior. Journal of Marketing, 41, 44-50.
- Wijaya, S., King, B., Nguyen, T. & Morrison, A. 2013. International Visitor Dining Experiences: A Conceptual Framework. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 20, 34-42.
- Yılmaz, G. & Gültekin, S. 2016. Consumers and Tourists’ Restaurant Selections, Global Issues and Trends in Tourism kitabı içinde (sayfa 217-230). Sofia: St. Kliment Ohridski University Press.
- Zeithaml, V. A. 1988. Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality and Value: A Means-End Model and Synthesis of Evidence. Journal of Marketing, 52, 2-22.