Technology-Unemployment Relationship in the Scope of Science and Technology Policies: An Empirical Review

Year 2021, Volume: 16 Issue: 63, 1237 - 1255, 31.07.2021

İbrahim Dağlı Levent Kösekahyaoğlu

https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.911828

Cited By: 1

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is twofold. The first goal is to contribute to the empirical literature at the macro level, which is quite insufficient quantitatively, related to the impact of technology on employment. The second purpose is to contribute to the discussion with a quantitative finding regarding the general bias and concern that technology will cause unemployment In this study, technology and unemployment relationship has been analyzed with System Generalized Method of Moments estimator for the 22 European Union countries and Turkey with data for the years 2005-2018. As a result of the analysis, it has been observed that, contrary to the general prejudice, technology has a positive effect on unemployment, but this effect is a temporary effect and disappears after the second year. In this way, it has been empirically demonstrated that technological development does not have a negative impact on employment thanks to compensation mechanisms.

Keywords

Technology, Unemployment, S-GMM, Technological Unemployment, Technology Policy

Bilim ve Teknoloji Politikaları Bağlamında Teknoloji-İşsizlik İlişkisi: Ampirik Bir İnceleme

Abstract

Bu makalenin amacı iki yönlüdür. Birinci amaç, teknolojinin istihdama yönelik etkilerini ele alan ve nicelik bakımından oldukça yetersiz olan makro düzeydeki ampirik literatüre katkıda bulunmaktadır. İkinci maksat, teknolojinin işsizliğe neden olacağına dair genel önyargı ve endişeye karşı nicel bir bulgu ile tartışmaya katkı sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Sistem Genelleştirilmiş Momentler tahmincisi ile 22 Avrupa Birliği ülkesi ve Türkiye için 2005-2018 yıllarına ait verilerle teknoloji ve işsizlik ilişkisi analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda, genel önyargının aksine teknolojinin işsizlik üzerinde olumlu bir etkisinin olduğu fakat bu etkinin geçici bir etki olduğu ve ikinci yıldan itibaren kaybolduğu görülmüştür. Bu şekilde teknolojik gelişimin telafi mekanizmaları sayesinde istihdam üzerinde olumsuz bir etki yapmadığı ampirik olarak ortaya konulmuştur.

Keywords

Teknoloji, İşsizlik, S-GMM, Teknolojik İşsizlik, Teknoloji Politikası

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