Volume: 3 Issue: 1 , 7/31/22

Year: 2022

Research Article

Research Article

3. Karadeniz Bölgesinde İktisadi ve İnsani Gelişme

Karadeniz Journal of Economic Research (KARED), is an open-access and peer-reviewed journal; aiming to share original theoretical and applied studies in both Turkish and English with the scientific world.

Karadeniz Economic Research Journal is a biannual and free of charge international peer-reviewed journal which publishes original theoretical and applied scientific articles in both Turkish and English in the field of Economic and Administrative Sciences such as Economics, Labor Economics, Business Administration, Public Finance, International Relations, Management Information Systems, Political Science and Public Administration. 

  1. Article Publishing and Preparing Rules

    1.      The title of the article, in which language article is written should be first, must be 12-point, bold and centered.

    2.      Turkish and English summaries should not exceed 150 words. Turkish “Öz” and English “Abstract” should be italics and 9-point and the initial letters should be capital. Aim, method and conclusion should be included in the summaries. Under the Turkish and English summaries, a maximum of five keywords and a Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) classification number should be given.

    3.      Articles submitted to the journal should be written in MS Office Word program and with the font of “Calisto MT”. Summary/Abstract section should be 9-points and 1.3 lines spaced; The main text should be 11-points and 1.3 lines spaced and should not exceed 20 pages including appendix and bibliography.

    4.      All pages should be arranged in A4 page layout with the margins of top 4 cm, bottom 2.5 cm, right 2.5 cm and left 3 cm.

    5.      Headings in the text should be numbered as 1., 1.1., 1.1.2.. The first level headings should be 11-points and bold, second and later level headings should 10-points and bold. Headings and texts should be left-justified, and there should be 6-pt. space between headings and text and paragraphs. There should be 12 spaces between paragraphs.

    6.      Tables and figures used in the text should be given the title and sequence number. Tables and figures, should be organized as Table 1: Table Name/Figure 1: Figure Name, and headings should be on top of the tables and graphics. Table/Figure headings should be 10-point and centered and the first letter of the title should be in capital and the rest should be in lowercases. “Source” heading should be given as left-justified under the non-original tables and graphics, and source of the tables and graphics should be specified.

    7.      Equations should be placed in the middle of the page and each equation must be given a sequence number. The sequence numbers of the equations should be right-justified of the page and in parentheses.

    8.      In-text citations should be like (author(s) surname, year of source: page number(s)) (Stiglitz, 1975: 288). In sources with three or more authors, the surname of the first author et al., the year of the source: page number(s) (Acemoglu et al., 2001: 1386).

    9.      All in-text citations referred in article 8 must be ordered alphabetically in “Bibliographic” heading and must be stated as seen in the following bibliographic writing examples. In the bibliography, the names of the journal in articles; name of the book in books should be written in italics.

    Articles to be submitted to Karadeniz Journal of Economic Research should be arranged in accordance with the APA reference system. Reference examples are given below according to publication types. Please refer to APA reference guideline for cases not covered by the following reference examples: https://www.citefast.com/styleguide.php?style=apa&sec=inte.

    Reference Examples

    Article

    Piketty, T. (2015). About Capital in the Twenty-First Century. American Economic Review, 105(5), 48-53.

    Krugman, P. and Venables, A. J. (1995). Globalization and the Inequality of Nations. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110(4), 857-880.

    Alesina, A. and La Ferrara, E. (2005). Preferences for Redistribution in the Land of Opportunities. Journal of Public Economics, 89 (5–6), 897–931

    Rodrik, D., Subramanian, A., and Trebbi, F. (2004). Institutions Rule: The Primacy of Institutions over Geography and Integration in Economic. Development. Journal of Economic Growth, 9(2), 131-165.

    Raza, S. A., Shahbaz, M., and Paramati, S. (2016). Dynamics of Military Expenditure and Income Inequality in Pakistan. Social Indicators Research, 131(13), 1035-1055.

    If the source has more than three authors, the surname and the initial of the name of the first author should be written, then et al. abbreviation should be used.

    Caian, A. Et al. (2016). Agent Based-Stock Flow Consistent Macroeconomics: Towards a Benchmark Model. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 69, 375-408.

    Xu, X. et al. (2019). Collaboration between Designers and Contractors to Improve Building Energy Performance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 219, 20-32.

    Book

    Romer, D. (1996). Advanced Macroeconomics. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Kazgan, G. (1992). İktisadi Düşünce veya Politik İktisadın Evrimi. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.

    Palley, T.I. (2012). From Financial Crisis to Stagnation – The Destruction of Shared Prosperity and the Role of Economics. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Acemoglu, D., and Robinson, J. A. (2013). Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty. Crown Books.

    Acemoglu, D., and Robinson, J. A. (2005). Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. Cambridge University Press.

          Internet Sources

    Sen, S. (2018). Investment Decisions under Uncertainty. http://www.levyinstitute.org/ publications/investment-decisions-under-uncertainty (Accessed: 02.02.2019).

    Carkovic, M. and Levine, R. (2002). Does Foreign Direct Investment Accelerate Growth?. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTFR/Resources/fdi.pdf (Accessed: 25.02.2015).

    Raza, S. A. and Shahbaz, M. (2014). To Battle Income Inequality, Focus on Military Expenditures: Lesson from Pakistan. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/57773/ (Accessed: 14.05.2018).

    Chapter in Edited Book

    Oktar, S. and Eroğlu, N. (2015). Petrolün İlk Küresel Krizi: 1973 Krizi. N. Eroğlu, İ. Eroğlu and H. İ. Aydın (Yay. Haz.). in İktisadi Krizler ve Türkiye Ekonomisi (pp.177-190). İstanbul: Orion.

    Kuemmerle, W. (2006). Innovation in Large Firms. In M. Casson, B. Yeung, A. Basu and N. Wadeson (Ed.). The Oxford Handbook of Entrepreneurship (pp.311-331). UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

    Herrmann, R. K., and Finkle, F. (2002). Linking Theory to Evidence in International Relations. In W. Carlsnaes, T. Risse, and B. A. Simmons (Eds.). Handbook of International Relations (pp. 119-136). London, England: Sage.

    Translated Books

    Stiglitz, J.E. (2016). Eşitsizliğin Bedeli: Bugünün Bölünmüş Toplumu Geleceğimizi Nasıl Tehlikeye Atıyor?. (O. İşler, trans.). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. (Printing date of the original work 2012)

    Thesis

    Üzar, U. (2014). Türkiye’de Finansallaşma ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, İstanbul: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.

     

     

Evaluation Process

For a study to be published in KARED, it should not have been previously published or decided to be published anywhere else. The journal has an “advisory and referee board” established with academics from different universities. The articles submitted to KARED are evaluated by two referees with a double-blind review. If a referee has a positive opinion and the other has a negative opinion, the article is sent to a third referee. In order for the article to be accepted, the two referees must submit positive opinions.

The article evaluation process takes approximately 3 months. After receiving the positive opinions of the referees, an acceptance letter signed by the editor is sent to the author(s) if such request is made by the author(s). Articles accepted for publications can be followed in the tab “Accepted articles” in the main page of the journal.

Publishing Frequency

KARED has been published twice a year in July and December since 2020. There is no time period for submission. KARED accepts articles at any time. Articles are not accepted for certain volumes. The articles accepted by KARED is published by taking into consideration of the arrival date of the articles.

Open-Access Policy

KARED is an open-accessed journal that offers direct access to the content it publishes with the idea that science is universal and accessible. The articles published in KARED can be accessed without any legal, economic and technical obstacles. The articles can also be read and recorded without any legal and technical obstacles. The articles can also be read, saved, copied, printed, printed, scanned, and transferred as data without and legal, economic or technical obstacles. As long as cited, a digital copy of an article published in KARED may be created, a limited number of hard copies for personal use may be created and distributed.

Publishing Fee

KARED is a free of charge published journal. No fee is requested from the authors at any step of the publishing process.

Privacy Statement

The names and e-mail addresses in the website of the journal will be used only for the purposes stated in the journal and they will not be opened or shared for any other purpose or for use by other persons.

Copyright Regulation

The authors declare and undertake that articles submitted to be published in KARED are not published anywhere before, are not accepted for publication, and are not currently being evaluated for publication elsewhere. The copyrights of the accepted articles are in possession of the authors. The authors give the first publication right to the journal.

All scientific, legal and ethical responsibility for the contents of all articles published in the journal belong to the authors. No royalties are paid for the published articles. The articles published in the journal can be cited as long as they are referenced.

Publication Ethics

The publication process in KARED is based on the principle of ethical and fair distribution and development of information. Accordingly, KARED undertakes to follow the implementation guide of the Committee of Publication Ethics (COPE).

Please inform to kareddergi@gmail.com when an unethical situation is encountered.

Plagiarism Check

KARED, due to the publication ethics, requires that every article passed through blinded peer review process to be subjected to a plagiarism check. Plagiarism check is performed by using iThenticate software. Articles submitted to the journal will be checked with iThenticate at the preliminary evaluation stage before they are sent to the referees, and the articles that do not meet certain standards will not be taken into consideration.

Makale gönderim, değerlendirme, yayım vb. hiçbir süreçte ücret alınmamaktadır.

Editor-in-chief

Abdülkadir Pehlivan
Prof. Dr. Abdülkadir PEHLİVAN Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi
Accounting Forensics, Auditing and Accountability, Financial Accounting

Editorial Assistant

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Assoc. Prof. Dr. Abdullah UZUN KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Public Policy, Public Administration, Local Administrations

Field Editors

Abdulgazi Yıkıcı
Asst. Prof. Dr. Abdulgazi YIKICI KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Environmental Management, Ecological Impacts of Climate Change and Ecological Adaptation, Environment Policy, Public Administration, Urban Policy, Local Administrations
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Assoc. Prof. Ekrem BAHÇEKAPILI KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İKTİSADİ VE İDARİ BİLİMLER FAKÜLTESİ, YÖNETİM BİLİŞİM SİSTEMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ

Dr. Ekrem Bahçekapılı, eğitim teknolojileri ve uzaktan eğitim alanında uzmanlaşmış bir akademisyendir. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi'nde lisans ve yüksek lisansını, Atatürk Üniversitesi'nde doktorasını tamamlamıştır.
Akademik çalışmalarında özellikle dijital okuryazarlık, e-öğrenme teknolojileri ve işitme engelli bireyler için yardımcı teknolojiler üzerine odaklanmıştır. Türk İşaret Dili için 3D sanal tercüman geliştirilmesi gibi önemli projelere liderlik etmiştir.
Son dönemde akıllı kampüs uygulamaları ve sanal gerçeklik teknolojilerinin eğitimde kullanımı üzerine çalışmalar yürütmektedir. Ulusal ve uluslararası akademik dergilerde çok sayıda yayını bulunmaktadır.

Management Information Systems, Human-Computer Interaction, Artificial Reality, Educational Technology and Computing
Ferhat Çağrı Aras
Assoc. Prof. Ferhat Çağrı ARAS KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ Web

Dr Ferhat Cagri Aras is a Karadeniz Technical University Lecturer in International Relations in the faculty of economics and administrative sciences. His research focuses on South Asian development policies and the unmanned defence industry. He is particularly interested in Eurasian energy security and regional development agencies. Recently, his work is focused on regional policies and security strategies of Central Asian Countries with India. However, Dr Ferhat Çağrı Aras also continues field studies and case studies for the regional development programs of South Asia and the defence industry in Turkey.

Studies of Asian Society, Regional Studies, International Security
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Prof. Dr. Salih DURSUN Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi
Occupational Health and Safety, Labor Psychology, Management Psychology, Organisational Behaviour
Levent Yahya Eser
Prof. Dr. Levent Yahya ESER KARADENIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Policy of Treasury, Public Finance, Theory of Treasury
Cemalettin Kalaycı
Prof. Dr. Cemalettin KALAYCI KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ Web
Regional Development and Globalisation in International Economics, International Economics (Other)
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Prof. Dr. Selçuk PERÇİN Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi
Production and Operations Management
Hüseyin Ünal
Asst. Prof. Dr. Hüseyin ÜNAL KARADENIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES
Econometrics, Panel Data Analysis, Statistics

Editorial Board

Adem Kalça
Prof. Dr. Adem KALÇA KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, KARADENİZ ARAŞTIRMALARI ENSTİTÜSÜ Web
Macroeconomic Theory
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Prof. Dr. Güven MURAT KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Labor Economics and Industrial Relations
Ersan Öz
Prof. Dr. Ersan ÖZ PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ Web

http://www.ersanoz.com/paylasim/ersan-oz-ozgecmis.pdf

Prof. Dr. Ersan ÖZ, 4 Eylül 1975 tarihinde Manisa/Akhisar’da doğdu. İlk-orta ve lise öğrenimini Gölmarmarada tamamlayan ÖZ, 1997 yılında Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Maliye Bölümünden mezun oldu. Doktorasını 2000-2004 yılları arasında Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Maliye Programında “Vergilendirmede Kanunilik İlkesine Göre Türk Vergi Sisteminin Değerlendirilmesi” teziyle tamamladı. 2006’da yardımcı doçent, 2009 da doçent, 2014 de Profesör ünvanını aldı. Ulusal ve Uluslararası 100 makalesi, 7 kitabı, 30 tebliği bulunan ÖZ, 100'den fazla konferans vermiştir.

Akademik çalışma amaçlı Polonya, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, İngiltere, Almanya, Hollanda, İtalya, İspanya, Bosna Hersek, Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri, Çek Cumhuriyeti, Azerbaycan, Kazakistan, Kırgızistan, Portekiz, Ürdün, Fransa ve Makedonya gibi ülkelerde bulunan Prof. ÖZ’ün çalışma alanı ulusal ve uluslararası vergi sistemleri, vergi hukuku ve vergi yargısı konularında yoğunlaşmaktadır. Prof. ÖZ, evlidir, iki çocuk sahibidir ve İngilizce bilmektedir.



Policy of Treasury, Banking, Finance and Securities Law, Labour Law, Taxation Law, Budget and Financial Planning, Public Finance, Financial Law, Theory of Treasury, Finance Studies (Other)
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Dr. Gisela PEREYRA DOVAL National University of Rosario

Dr. Gisela Pereyra Doval is an Independent Researcher at CONICET and Associate Professor at the Faculty of Political Science and International Relations, National University of Rosario (UNR), Argentina. She holds a PhD in International Relations from UNR. Her research focuses on the foreign policies of Argentina and Brazil, regional integration, and the ideological dynamics of Latin American politics. Dr. Pereyra Doval has published widely and is actively involved in academic research and teaching in international relations.

Regional Studies, Politics in International Relations, International Relations (Other)
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Prof. Dr. Hüseyin SADOĞLU KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, İKTİSADİ VE İDARİ BİLİMLER FAKÜLTESİ

1969 yılında Trabzon’da doğdu. 1991 yılında Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Kamu Yönetimi bölümünden mezun oldu. 2002’de Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Siyaset ve Sosyal Bilimler Anabilim dalında ‘Uluslaşma Sürecinde Türk Dil Politikaları (1839-1950)’ adlı tezle doktorasını tamamladı. 2003 yılında Yardımcı Doçent, 2012 yılında Doçent, 2018 yılında Profesör kadrosuna atandı. 1993’te Dumlupınar Üniversitesi’nde başladığı akademik hayatını Eylül 2017’den itibaren Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi’nde sürdürmektedir. Bu süreç içerisinde Kırgızistan’ın Commersky Üniversitesi’nde aralıklarla iki yıl misafir öğretim üyesi olarak bulundu. Sadoğlu, çalışmalarını ‘milliyetçilik’ ve ‘dil politikaları’ odağında yakın dönem Türkiye tarihi, kültür-siyaset ilişkisi, Balkanlar ve Orta Asya’daki etnik ve ulusal sorunlar üzerinde yoğunlaştırmaktadır.

Public Administration

SUJATA ASHWARYA is an Associate Professor at the Centre for West Asian Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India. She received her MPhil and PhD degrees in West Asian Studies from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. She has received research fellowships from the East West Centre in Washington, DC, the Rothberg International School at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel, the Maison des Sciences de l'Homme (MSH) and the Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Internationales (CERI) in Paris, and the Schusterman Centre for Israel Studies at Brandeis University in Boston. She was also a researcher at the Faculty of World Studies at the University of Tehran in Iran. Her research interests include the politics and foreign policies of Iran, Iraq, and Israel, India’s West Asian policy, energy politics, and regional security. She is a frequent traveller who has presented over 50 research papers at national and international conferences and seminars. She has over 30 research articles published and has written, edited, and co-edited 5 books. Her books include, Israel’s Mediterranean Gas: Domestic Governance, Economic Impact, and Strategic Implications (Routledge, 2019), Contemporary West Asia: Perspectives on Change and Continuity (co-edited; Routledge, 2019); India-Iran Relations: Progress, Problems and Prospects (Routledge, 2017); Essays on Iran and Israel: An Indian Perspective (Knowledge World, 2014); and Civil Society, Democracy and State in West Asia (edited; New Century, 2010).

Regional Studies, International Security, International Relations Theories, Politics in International Relations
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Prof. Dr. Mujib ALAM Jamia Millia Islamia Web

MUJIB ALAM is Professor at the MMAJ Academy of International Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi. He obtained MPhil and PhD degrees in West Asian (Middle Eastern) studies, specialising in Turkish studies, from New Delhi’s Jawaharlal Nehru University. Previously, he completed his Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in Political Science from Utkal University (Odisha) and Aligarh Muslim University (Uttar Pradesh) respectively. As an HERMES-Post-Doctoral Fellow, he worked on his research at the Maison des Sciences de l’Homme (MSH) and Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches Internationales (CERI), Paris, France between Nov 2005 and May 2006. His research and teaching areas include contemporary Turkish studies (domestic politics and foreign policy), West Asian studies (international relations, foreign policy, conflict & peace studies of west Asian & north African countries), Foreign Policy Analysis (FPA), and International Organisation. He regularly gets published; presents paper in national and international conferences/seminars both in India and abroad. So far, he has authored/edited five books and has contributed a number of research articles to books and journals. His publications include Contemporary West Asia: Perspectives on Change and Continuity (co-edited; Routledge, 2019), Turkey in the Post-Cold War Period: The Regional Power Role, 1990-2002 (authored; New Century Pub, 2016), Perspectives on Turkey’s Multi-Regional Role in the 21st Century (edited; Knowledge World Pub, 2015), Indo-Turkish Relations: History and Current Dynamics (edited; New Century Pub, 2012), Turkey’s Role in Central Asia and the Caucasus (ATWS Monograph, 2005), and Global Politics of the Iraq Crisis and India’s Options (co-edited; Aakar Pub, 2004). He is a member of the Editorial Board of three academic journals published in Turkey, namely Electronic Journal of Political Science Studies (Trakkya), International Journal of Humanities and Art Research (Uludag Development Academy, Bursa), and Journal of the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences (Kirklareli University, Kirklareli).

Middle East Studies, Turkish Foreign Policy, Far East Studies

Dr. Rashed Alrasheed is an Assistant Professor and Master Program Coordinator in in political science at Applied Science University, Bahrain and a research fellow at Lancaster University, UK. He holds a bachelor’s degree in political science from Kuwait University, a master’s degree in diplomatic studies from the University of Jordan, and a doctorate in politics from Lancaster University. Alrasheed’s research interests center on Middle East studies with a focus on the international relations, security, and political sociology. He is also broadly interested in political identity, non-state actors, artificial intelligence, and the relationship between technology, society, and state in the Middle East. His research has been published in numerous academic journals and books. ORCID: 0000-0001-9945-1407. Email: zainrashedeen@gmail.com

Politics in International Relations
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Prof. Dr. Mehmet TUNCER It is not affiliated with an institution
Policy of Treasury, Budget and Financial Planning, Public Finance, Theory of Treasury, Finance Studies (Other)

Azeri (ana dili)

Türkce 

İngilizce

Economic Methodology, Economic Theory (Other), Development Economics - Macro, Regional Economy, Financial Economy, Microeconomics (Other)

Karadeniz Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi

Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi

İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dekanlığı

Trabzon