Research Article

Freshwater Fauna on the Mosaics of Antiocheia ad Orontem: The Mosaic of Fish, Ducks, and Water Lilies from Daphne, Rasim Adalı Area

Volume: 2 Number: 2 June 26, 2026
EN DE TR

Freshwater Fauna on the Mosaics of Antiocheia ad Orontem: The Mosaic of Fish, Ducks, and Water Lilies from Daphne, Rasim Adalı Area

Abstract

In the Roman world, where the Mediterranean was conceptualized as Mare Nostrum, the mosaics of Antiocheia ad Orontem (hereafter Antioch) are distinguished by their rich aquatic iconography. This study focuses on the representation of freshwater fauna and flora, particularly fish, ducks, and water lilies, as seen in the mosaic from the Daphne Rasim Adalı area. In water-rich settlements such as Antioch, Daphne, and Seleucia Pieria, mosaics functioned not only as decorative programs but also as indicators of social status, wealth, and cultural identity. Aquatic creatures depicted in these mosaics draw heavily on Classical traditions, in which water is symbolically associated with life, divinity, and mythological narratives. These depictions, which include fish, ducks, and lotus or water-lily motifs, are part of a visual tradition referred to in iconography as "Nilotic imagery". From the Early Roman period onward, such depictions became increasingly widespread, reflecting an enduring visual vocabulary of nature and abundance. In particular, within Christian architectural contexts and elite domestic villas, representations of animals, natural landscapes, and hunting scenes were reinterpreted, acquiring new theological meanings related to purification, resurrection, and divine creation. Similar iconographic traditions can be observed in the mosaics of Antioch and its surrounding region, as well as in comparable assemblages from Zeugma and Haleplibahçe. These parallels indicate a shared regional artistic language in which freshwater environments were idealized and symbolically charged. In Antioch, water-themed mosaics reached their peak in the 2nd–3rd centuries AD, yet the tradition persisted into the Early Byzantine period, integrating Classical heritage and Christian symbolism within a unified visual culture. It is to this later phase that the comparative material belongs: the mosaics of Antioch and their parallels are generally dated to the 5th–6th centuries AD, while the Mosaic of "Fish, Ducks, and Water Lilies" from the Daphne Rasim Adalı area is dated to the last quarter of the 5th century and the 6th century AD.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Archaeological Science, Greek and Roman Period Archeology

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 26, 2026

Submission Date

April 8, 2026

Acceptance Date

June 3, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 2 Number: 2

APA
Özdilek, B. (2026). Freshwater Fauna on the Mosaics of Antiocheia ad Orontem: The Mosaic of Fish, Ducks, and Water Lilies from Daphne, Rasim Adalı Area. KATMAN Arkeoloji Dergisi, 2(2), 21-43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20761227
AMA
1.Özdilek B. Freshwater Fauna on the Mosaics of Antiocheia ad Orontem: The Mosaic of Fish, Ducks, and Water Lilies from Daphne, Rasim Adalı Area. KATMAN Arkeoloji Dergisi. 2026;2(2):21-43. doi:10.5281/zenodo.20761227
Chicago
Özdilek, Banu. 2026. “Freshwater Fauna on the Mosaics of Antiocheia Ad Orontem: The Mosaic of Fish, Ducks, and Water Lilies from Daphne, Rasim Adalı Area”. KATMAN Arkeoloji Dergisi 2 (2): 21-43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20761227.
EndNote
Özdilek B (June 1, 2026) Freshwater Fauna on the Mosaics of Antiocheia ad Orontem: The Mosaic of Fish, Ducks, and Water Lilies from Daphne, Rasim Adalı Area. KATMAN Arkeoloji Dergisi 2 2 21–43.
IEEE
[1]B. Özdilek, “Freshwater Fauna on the Mosaics of Antiocheia ad Orontem: The Mosaic of Fish, Ducks, and Water Lilies from Daphne, Rasim Adalı Area”, KATMAN Arkeoloji Dergisi, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 21–43, June 2026, doi: 10.5281/zenodo.20761227.
ISNAD
Özdilek, Banu. “Freshwater Fauna on the Mosaics of Antiocheia Ad Orontem: The Mosaic of Fish, Ducks, and Water Lilies from Daphne, Rasim Adalı Area”. KATMAN Arkeoloji Dergisi 2/2 (June 1, 2026): 21-43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20761227.
JAMA
1.Özdilek B. Freshwater Fauna on the Mosaics of Antiocheia ad Orontem: The Mosaic of Fish, Ducks, and Water Lilies from Daphne, Rasim Adalı Area. KATMAN Arkeoloji Dergisi. 2026;2:21–43.
MLA
Özdilek, Banu. “Freshwater Fauna on the Mosaics of Antiocheia Ad Orontem: The Mosaic of Fish, Ducks, and Water Lilies from Daphne, Rasim Adalı Area”. KATMAN Arkeoloji Dergisi, vol. 2, no. 2, June 2026, pp. 21-43, doi:10.5281/zenodo.20761227.
Vancouver
1.Banu Özdilek. Freshwater Fauna on the Mosaics of Antiocheia ad Orontem: The Mosaic of Fish, Ducks, and Water Lilies from Daphne, Rasim Adalı Area. KATMAN Arkeoloji Dergisi. 2026 Jun. 1;2(2):21-43. doi:10.5281/zenodo.20761227

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