INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS AFFECTlNG THE HUMANlTARlAN POLlCY OF THE USA

Year 2023, , 871 - 901, 29.12.2023

Zübeyda Parlak

https://doi.org/10.36543/kauiibfd.2023.035

Abstract

The primary purpose of this study is to determine the foreign policy objectives of the USA for humanitarian crises. It also aims to examine the factors affecting the foreign policy objectives of the United States. The USA's foreign policy objectives regarding humanitarian crises are based on national security, economic interests, etc. are classified as interests. Human rights and democracy are considered US values. The US approach to humanitarian crises is also affected by internal factors, such as the US public opinion, congress, and the preferences of the US president, and external factors, by regional and local actors and the reaction of the international community. The interventions in Bosnia in 1995, Kosovo in 1999 and Libya in 2011, in which the USA took part, were selected as comparative case studies. Statements of decision-makers and foreign policy documents were scanned. In all three cases, it was concluded that the USA acted in humanitarian crises on the condition that its national interests were combined with the humanitarian situation, but there were internal and external factors that affected the objectives of intervention.

Keywords

The USA, national interest, humanitarian intervention, 1995 Bosnia, 1999 Kosovo, 2011 Libya

INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS AFFECTlNG THE HUMANlTARlAN POLlCY OF THE USA

Abstract

Bu çalışmada temel amaç ABD’nin insani krizlere yönelik dış politika amaçlarını saptamaktır. Ayrıca ABD’nin dış politika amaçlarını etkileyen unsurların olup olmadığını incelemektir. ABD insani krizlere yönelik dış politika amaçlarını ulusal güvenlik, ekonomik çıkarlar vd. çıkarlar olarak sınıflandırılmaktadır. İnsan hakları ve demokrasi ise ABD değerleri olarak değerlendirilmektedir. ABD’nin insani krizlere yaklaşımı ayrıca içsel etkenler olan ABD kamuoyu, kongresi, ABD başkanının tercihlerinden ve dışsal etkenler olarak bölgesel, yerel aktörlerden ve uluslararası toplumun tepkisinden etkilenmektedir. ABD’nin yer aldığı, 1995 Bosna ve 1999 Kosova ve 2011 Libya müdahaleleri karşılaştırmalı vaka analizi olarak seçilmiştir. Karar vericilerin ifadeleri ve dış politika belgeleri taranmıştır. Her üç olayda da ABD’nin, insani krizlerde ulusal çıkarlarının insani durumla birleşmesi koşuluyla hareket ettiği, ancak müdahale amaçlarına etki eden iç ve dış etkenlerin mevcut olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

ABD, ulusal çıkar, insani müdahale, 1995 Bosna, 1999 Kosova, 2011 Libya

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