ERASMUS CAZİBESİ: DEĞİŞİM ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN TÜRK KÜLTÜRÜNE UYUM SÜRECİ

Öz

Öğrenci değişim programları öğrencilerin yüksek öğrenimlerini bir kısmını başka bir ülkede devam ettirmelerine olanak veren uluslararası örgütlenmelerdir. Bu araştırma Erasmus değişim programı ile Eylül 2014 – Haziran 2015 dönemlerinde Çanakkale’ye gelen 12 öğrencinin Türk kültürüne uyum sürecini etraflıca ve derinlemesine betimlemeyi amaçlamıştır. Veriler 2 odak görüşmesi, 11 yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme, 6 öğrenci günlüğünden elde edilmiştir. Değişim öğrencilerinin Türk kültürüne uyum süreci hakkında elde edilen bulgular üç başlık altında tartışılmıştır: 1 değişim öğrencilerin Çanakkale’deki ilk günleri, 2 Çanakkale’de zaman geçirirken yerelleşmeleri ve 3 Çanakkale’den ayrılıp ülkelerine dönmeleri. Bulgular bize değişim öğrencilerinin ilk günlerinin barınma ve yeme gibi temel ihtiyaçlarını giderirken karşılaştıkları sorunlar nedeniyle kriz dolu olduğunu, yerel halkla zaman geçirdikçe uyumlarının artmasıyla balayı zamanı yaşadıklarını ve ülkelerine dönerken Erasmus cazibesinin sona ermesinden dolayı ikilem yaşadıklarını göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Öğrenci değişim programı,kültürel uyum,Erasmus,Çanakkale

Development of the Academic Perfectionism Scale

Abstract

The aim of this study is to develop a measurement tool that will enable the evaluation of academic perfectionism among university students. 352 university students aged between 17 and 30 participated in the study M age = 20.03, SD age = 1.74 . The exploratory factor analysis yielded a three-factor structure that accounts for 52.36% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed acceptable fit indices. Item total correlation values and 27% upper and lower group differences were invstigated. The reliability of the APS was examined by the internal consistency coefficient. Finally, the relationship between academic perfectionism and general perfectionism is examined. Accordingly, there is a significant relationship between academic perfectionism and general perfectionism. Thus, the APS was developed with a three-factor structure consisting of thirteen items. In conclusion, it can be argued that APS is a valid and reliable measurement tool to evaluate academic perfectionism in university students

Keywords

• Academic perfectionism,scale development,factor analysis

References

1. Arthur, N., & Hayward, L. (1997). The relationships between perfectionism, standards for academic achievement, and amotional distress in post secondary students. Journal of College Student Development, 38,(6), 622-633.
2. Brown, E.J., Heimburg, R.G., Frost, R.O., Makris, G.S., Juster, H.R., & Leung, A.W., (1994). Relationship of perfectionism to affect, expectations, attributions and performance in theclassroom. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 18, 98-120.
3. Burns, D. (1980). The perfectionist’s script for self-defeat. Psychology Today, 14, 34-52.
4. Creswell, J.W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. New Jersey: Merrill PrenticeHall.
5. Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS (4th ed.). London: Sage Publications.
6. Flett, G.L., Sawatzky, D.L., & Hewitt, P.L. (1995). Dimensions of perfectionism and goal commitment: A further comparison of two perfectionism measures. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 17(2), 111-124.
7. Flett, G.L., & Hewitt, P.L. (2002). Perfectionism and maladjustment: An overview of theoretical, definitional and treatmentissues. In G. L. Flettand P. L. Hewitt (Eds.), Perfectionism: Theory, research, andtreatment (pp. 5-31). Washington, DC: APA.
8. Frost, R.O., Marten, P., Lahart, C., & Rosenblate, R. (1990).The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14(5), 449-468.

9. Hair, J.F., Anderson, R.E., Tahtam, R.L., & Black, W.C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis (5th ed.). New Jersey, NJ: Printice-Hall. Hamachek, D.E. (1978). Psychodynamics
10. perfectionism. Psychology: A Journal of Human Behavior, 15, 27-33. of normal and neurotic
11. Jöreskog, K.G., & Sörbom, D. (1993). Lisrel 8: Structural equation modeling with simpliscomm and language. Lincolnwood: Scientific Software International.
12. Kline, R.B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
13. Lazarsfeld, S. (1991). The courage for imperfection. Individual Psychology, 47, 93-96.
14. Leech, N.L., Barrett, K.C., & Morgan, G.A. (2005). SPSS for intermediate statistics; Use and interpretation (2 nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
15. Meydan, C.H. ve Şeşen, H. (2011). Yapısal esitlik modellemesi AMOS uygulamaları. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
16. Mills, J., & Blankstein, K.R. (2000). Perfectionism, intrinsic vs extrinsic motivation, and motivated strategies for learning: A multidimensional analysis of university students. Personality and Individual Differences, 29(6), 1191-1204.
17. Neumeister, K.L.S. (2004). Understanding the relationship between perfectionism and achievement motivation in gifted college students. The Gifted Child Quarterly, 48,(3), 219-231.
18. Nunnally, J., & Bernstein, I. (1994). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
19. Özbay, Y. ve Taşdemir, Ö. (2003). Çok boyutlu mükemmeliyetçilik ölçeği: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. VII. Ulusal Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Kongresi, Malatya.
20. Pacht, A.R. (1984). Reflections on perfectionism. American Psychologist, 39, 386-390.
21. Ram, A. (2005). The relationship of positive and negative perfectionism to academic achievement, achievement motivation, and well-being in tertiary students. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, University of Canterbury.
22. Rice, K.G., Ashby, J.S., & Slaney, R. (1998). Self-esteem as a mediator between perfectionism and depression: A structural equations analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45, 304-314.
23. Slaney, R.B., Rice, K.G., & Ashby, J.S. (2002). A programmatic approach to measring perfectionism: The almost perfectscales. In G. L. Flettand P. L. Hewitt (Eds.), Perfectionism: Theory, research, and treatment (pp. 63-88). Washington, DC: APA.
24. Şencan, H. (2005). Sosyal ve davranışsal ölçümlerde güvenirlik ve geçerlik. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
25. Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). New York: Pearson.
26. Verner-Filion, J., & Gaudreau, P. (2010). From perfectionism to academic adjustment: The mediating role of achievement goals. Personality and Individual Differences, 49, 181–186.