A New Window to Sustainable Urban Policies: Urban Resiliency

Abstract

The adoption and adaptation measures against risks and threats such as natural disasters, irregularity in climatic conditions, epidemics, terrorist incidents and financial difficulties in urban areas has become a necessity rather than a political choice as a result of socio-economic and political changes including rapid urbanization. In academic studies and international regulations, this has led to the emergence of the Urban Resiliency Theory as a new urban governance approach, unlike sustainable urbanization. However, the fact that the similarities or differences between urban sustainability and resilience theory approaches in the academic and political ground are not correctly asserted causes a decrease in the driving and directing power expected from both approaches in theory and practice. In this context, the aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of sustainable urban policies, which contain diversity and uncertainty, against current and future risks and threats within scope of the “urban resiliency”. In the study, it is deliberated why and how urban sustainability policies and practices can be integrated with policies and practices accepted within the scope of urban resilience. In this context, this study scrutinizes urban sustainability (KS) and urban resilience (CA) approaches, which are two of the main approaches used in urban governance in terms of their theoretical and political outputs, and evaluates the political and governance projections of both approaches.

Keywords

• Urban Sustainability
• Resilience Theory
• Sustainability Science
• Adaptation
• Vulnerability

Sürdürülebilir Kentsel Politikalara Açılan Yeni Bir Pencere: Kentsel Dirençlilik

Abstract

Hızlı kentleşme başta olmak üzere yaşanan sosyoekonomik ve politik olgular sonucu kentsel alanlarda tecrübe edilen doğal afetler, iklim koşullarındaki düzensizlikler, salgın hastalıklar, terör olayları, finansal sıkıntılar gibi risk ve tehditlere karşı gerekli tedbirlerin benimsenmesi ve uyum sağlanması bir tercih olmaktan ziyade zorunluluk haline gelmiştir. Bu durum akademik çalışmalar ve uluslararası düzenlemelerde sürdürülebilir kentleşmeden farklı olarak yeni bir kentsel yönetim yaklaşımı olarak kentsel dirençlilik teorisinin (Urban Resiliency Theory) öne çıkmasına sebep olmuştur. Ancak akademik ve politik alanda kentsel sürdürülebilirlik ile dirençlilik teorisi yaklaşımları arasındaki benzerlikler ya da farklılıkların doğru bir şekilde idrak edilmiyor olması teorik ve pratikte her iki yaklaşımdan beklenen itici ve yönlendirici gücün azalmasına sebep olmaktadır. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın amacı çeşitlilik ve belirsizlik ihtiva eden sürdürülebilir kentsel politikaların mevcut ve gelecekteki risk ve tehditlere karşı yetkinlik kapasitesini “kentsel dirençlilik” yaklaşımı çerçevesinde değerlendirmektir. Çalışmada kentsel sürdürülebilirlik politika ve uygulamaları ile dirençlilik kapsamında kabul edilen politika ve uygulamalarının niçin ve nasıl bütünleştirilebileceği tartışılmaktadır. Bu açıdan çalışmada kent yönetimde başvurulan iki temel yaklaşımdan kentsel sürdürülebilirlik (KS) ve Kentsel dirençlilik (KD) yaklaşımları kuramsal ve politik çıktıları bakımından tahlil edilerek her iki yaklaşımın birbirleri üzerindeki politik ve yönetsel iz düşümleri incelenmektedir.

Keywords

• Kentsel Sürdürülebilirlik
• Dirençlilik Teorisi
• Sürdürülebilirlik Bilimi
• Uyum
• Kırılganlık

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