Optimized Dual Band Microstrip Antenna Design for 5G Applications

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 4, 1578 - 1595, 15.12.2025

Bilal Okan İçmez , Çetin Kurnaz

https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1677402

Abstract

The rapid development of technology and changes in internet usage habits, there is a need for new generation communication systems to move to higher frequency bands. In this context, a single-element, dual-band, low-cost, low-production-sensitivity microstrip antenna design operating in the 28 / 38 GHz frequency bands for 5G and advanced communication technologies was carried out in this study. While designing the antenna, a low return loss, high gain antenna design is aimed, and the disadvantages of Millimeter Wave (MD), such as attenuation and diffraction, are minimized. Low-cost FR-4 material is used for the insulating layer, and the antenna is dimensioned for the center frequency bands using analytical methods on CST Studio Suite software. After the sizing process, each notch is subjected to separate parametric analyses, and the antenna is optimized based on return loss, gain, and efficiency parameters. The conventional antenna structure has been improved by adding upper and lower notches. As a result of parametric analyses, S11 values of -54.42 dB and -60.12 dB have been obtained at center frequencies, well above the literature average. In addition, the designed antenna provides a bandwidth of 3.72 / 4.94 GHz and a directivity of 7.3 dBi / 7.34 dBi at 28 / 38 GHz, respectively. In addition to the antenna design, the effect of certain gap structures on the patch on the S11 values is also presented in this study.

Keywords

5G , 28 / 38 GHz , Microstrip antenna design , Millimeter wave , Parametric analysis

5G Uygulamaları için Optimize Edilmiş Çift Bantlı Mikroşerit Anten Tasarımı

Abstract

Teknolojinin hızlı gelişimi ile internet kullanım alışkanlıklarının değişimine bağlı olarak, yeni nesil haberleşme sistemlerinin, daha yüksek frekans bantlarına çıkma ihtiyacı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu kapsamda 5G ve ileri haberleşme teknolojileri için 28 / 38 GHz frekans bantlarında çalışan tek elemanlı, çift bantlı, maliyeti düşük, üretim hassasiyeti az olan bir mikroşerit anten tasarımı bu çalışmada sunulmuştur. Anten tasarımı gerçekleştirilirken geri dönüş kaybı düşük, yüksek kazançlı bir anten tasarımı amaçlanmış ve Milimetre Dalgaların (MD) zayıflama ve kırınım gibi dezavantajları en aza indirgenmiştir. Maliyeti düşük FR-4 malzemesi yalıtkan tabaka olarak seçilen anten, rezonans frekans bantları için slot konfigürasyon yöntemi ile CST Studio Suite Programı üzerinde boyutlandırılmıştır. Boyutlandırma işlemi sonrasında her bir ayrıt ayrı ayrı parametrik analizlere tabi tutularak, geri dönüş kaybı, kazanç ve verimlilik parametreleri üzerinden anten optimizasyonu sağlanmıştır. Klasik anten yapısı, üst ve alt boşluklar eklenerek geliştirilmiş ve parametrik analizler sonucu merkez frekanslarında literatür ortalamasının çok üzerinde -54,42 dB ve -60,12 dB gibi S11 değerleri elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca tasarımı gerçekleştirilen anten 28 / 38 GHz’ de sırasıyla 3,72 / 4,94 GHz bant genişliği ve 7,3 dBi / 7,34 dBi yönlülük değerleri sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada anten tasarımına ek olarak yama üzerindeki belirli boşluk yapılarının, S11 değerleri üzerindeki etkisi de ortaya konulmaktadır.

Keywords

5G , 28 / 38 GHz , Mikroşerit anten tasarımı , Milimetre dalga , Parametrik analiz

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