EAHŞİ Konumlarının Belirlenmesinde Kullanılan Algoritma Uygulamalarının Karşılaştırmalı Performans Analizi

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 1306 - 1324, 15.09.2025

Fikret Kaya , Pınar Özkan , Onur Akar

https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1699614

Abstract

Artan nüfusla birlikte ulaşımda petrol ve türevlerinin kullanılması, küresel ısınma ve kentsel hava kirliliği gibi ciddi çevresel sorunlara neden olmuştur. Bu durum, Elektrikli Araçlar (EA) başta olmak üzere alternatif yakıtlı araçların yaygın olarak benimsenmesine yol açmış ve istasyon konumlarının belirlenmesi popüler bir araştırma konusu haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmaların literatüre katkıları arasında hızlı şarj istasyonları için en uygun yerlerin belirlenmesi ve alan planlaması yer almaktadır. EA'lar için çok sayıda rotalama ve şarj hesaplama programı mevcut olsa da doğadan ilham alan optimizasyon algoritmaları, rotalama ve optimum yerleştirmedeki zorlukları ele almak için değerli bir yaklaşım olabilir. EA teknolojisinin mevcut aşamasında, araç menzili ve mevcut şarj istasyonu konumları gibi parametreler göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, verimli şehirlerarası seyahati kolaylaştırmak için şarj istasyonu sıkıntısı yaşanmaktadır. Bu nedenle, Elektrikli Araç Hızlı Şarj İstasyonları (EAHŞİ) için en uygun konumların belirlenmesi, ele alınması gereken hayati bir konudur. Optimum konumların belirlenememesi ve hızlı şarj istasyonlarının yeterince planlanamaması hem elektrikli araç sahipleri hem de şarj sistemi operatörleri için şarj talebinin istenen düzeyde karşılanamaması veya planlanan hızlı şarj istasyonlarının yetersiz kullanılması gibi sorunlara yol açabilir. İstasyon yeri planlamasının temel amacı, akış hacmini en üst düzeye çıkarırken aynı zamanda şarj istasyonlarının kurulum maliyetlerini en aza indiren optimum bir çözüm elde etmektir. Bu makale, kullanılan çeşitli EA optimum konumlandırma teknikleri ve algoritmalarının karşılaştırmalı bir incelemesini sunmaktadır. Bunun yanında coğrafi yakınlık temelli Haversine algoritması ile Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemi olan Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHP) algoritmalarını ayrı ayrı uygulayarak İstanbul ili Beykoz ilçesi Kavacık bölgesi sınırları içerisindeki en uygun EVFCS noktalarını belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

Elektrikli Araç , Elektrikli Araç Şarj İstasyonu , Konum Belirleme , Algoritmalar

Comparative Performance Analysis of Algorithm Applications Used in Determining EVFCS Locations

Abstract

With the increasing population, using petroleum and its derivatives in transportation has caused serious environmental problems, including global warming and urban air pollution. This situation has led to the widespread adoption of alternative fuel vehicles, especially Electric Vehicles (EVs), and determining station locations has become a popular research topic. Among the contributions of these studies to the literature are identifying the optimal locations for fast charging stations and space planning. Although numerous routing and charging calculation programs exist for EVs, nature-inspired optimization algorithms can be a valuable approach to addressing the challenges in routing and optimal placement. At the current stage of EV technology, when parameters such as vehicle range and available charging station locations are considered, there is a shortage of charging stations to facilitate efficient intercity travel. Therefore, determining the optimal locations for Electric Vehicles Fast Charging Stations (EVFCS) is a vital issue that needs to be addressed. Failure to identify optimal locations and to adequately plan fast charging stations may lead to problems for both EV owners and charging system operators, such as failing to meet charging demand at the desired level or underutilizing the planned fast charging stations. The main objective of station location planning is to obtain an optimal solution that maximizes the flow volume while simultaneously minimizing the installation costs of charging stations. This paper presents a comparative review of various EV optimal positioning techniques and algorithms used. In addition, it aims to determine the most suitable EVFCS points within the boundaries of Kavacik region of Beykoz district of Istanbul province by applying the geographical proximity-based Haversine algorithm and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) algorithms, which are Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methods, separately.

Keywords

Electric Vehicle , Electric Vehicle Charging Station , Location Determination , Algorithms

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