Research Article

CONSUMER PROTECTİON IN THE ONLİNE ENVİRONMENT: AN ASSESSMENT OF TURKİSH LAW IN TERMS OF DARK COMMERCİAL PATTERNS

Volume: 5 Number: 2 October 30, 2025
EN TR

CONSUMER PROTECTİON IN THE ONLİNE ENVİRONMENT: AN ASSESSMENT OF TURKİSH LAW IN TERMS OF DARK COMMERCİAL PATTERNS

Abstract

The use of the internet, which has become an important part of our daily lives, has created a new market for both consumers and those engaged in commercial activities. The ability to quickly and easily access products and services online encourages consumers to turn to e-commerce. On the other hand, merchants aiming to make a profit have started to be more active in the online environment in order to reach a wider customer base and increase their turnover. This development has caused fundamental changes and transformations in the dynamics of the relationship between consumers and merchants; as a result of this change, the importance of the moment when interaction with consumers begins has increased. Accordingly, interaction begins with the effective presentation of the product or service to the consumer prior to the contract. This presentation is carried out through interface designs. Those who interact with users through interface designs establish trust in consumers through the elements they use in their designs. However, some interface designs have deceptive and manipulative aspects that affect consumer autonomy and the consumer's ability to make decisions and choices. These interface designs are referred to as dark commercial patterns in doctrine and practice. After explaining the conceptual analysis and practical examples of dark commercial patterns, which prevent consumers from making informed decisions and lead to unfair commercial practices, their place in the Turkish legal system and how they are regulated in comparative law will be evaluated. Following these evaluations, potential disputes that may arise in Turkish law will be discussed, and recommendations will be presented for legislative work to resolve these disputes.

Keywords

Dark Commercial Patterns , Consumer Autonomy , Digital Interface Design , Consumer Protection

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