Research Article
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Navajo thought in school management

Year 2024, Volume: 2 Issue: 4, 268 - 292, 01.12.2024

Abstract

The Navajo (Diné) are a Native American people from the Southern Atabasque group of the Navajo-speaking Atabasques, living in the states of Arizona, New Mexico and Utah in the United States. With a population of three hundred thousand, they are the largest federally recognised indigenous people in the United States (Weisiger, 2007). The Navajo philosophy, which states that environmental factors such as reason, vital skills, positive communication and family are issues that should be considered in the education of the individual, stands out as a philosophy that directs life, cares about the health and well-being of the individual and glorifies knowledge. This philosophy consists of four basic principles: The guiding principle of life, subsistence, family-gathering, and respect and reverence for all creation (Benally, 2022). With these ideas, the Navajos have shaped almost every aspect of life and have revolutionised education in particular. So much so that it is clear that the Navajo philosophy of learning can be used as a very solid reference in school management. This study aims to reveal how the Navajo philosophy of learning and pedagogy can be applied in school management. The data obtained by analysing the literature on Navajo philosophy will be presented under the following themes through document analysis: Navajo philosophy's understanding of existence, epistemology, value (axiology), philosophy of education, aims of education, curriculum, methodology and teacher understanding. Navajo philosophy associated with management processes, teaching, guidance and school-environment relations will be presented as an alternative school model.

References

  • Akdeniz, G. (2019). Onarıcı adalet yaklaşımı ve kavramsal temelleri. Yeditepe Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 1-23.
  • Baytaz, A. (2013). Onarıcı adalete genel bir bakış. Journal of Istanbul University Law Faculty, 71(1), 117–129.
  • Benally, H. J. (1994). Navajo philosophy of learning and pedagogy. Journal of Navajo Education, 12(1), 23–31.
  • Blanchard, K. (1979). The Navajo and the idea of ultimate reality and meaning. Ultimate Reality and Meaning, 2(2), 84-108.
  • Crozier, B. (1974). A theory of conflict (p. 130). Hamilton.
  • Erbaş, R. (2023). Modern onarıcı adalet programlarının temel esasları açısından Türk ceza muhakemesi hukukundaki uzlaştırmanın değerlendirilmesi. Galatasaray Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, (2).1179 – 1234.
  • Hossain, Z., Skurky, T., Joe, J., & Hunt, T. (2011). The sense of collectivism and individualism among husbands and wives in traditional and bi-cultural Navajo families on the Navajo reservation. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 42(4), 543-562.
  • Kara, E. (2023). Kültüre duyarlı eğitim ve göçmen öğrencilerin dil gereksinimleri. T. Çalık (Ed.), Kapsayıcı eğitim içinde (270-285. ss.). Pegem Akademi.
  • Lee, L. (2006). Navajo cultural identity: What can the Navajo Nation bring to the American Indian identity discussion table? Wicazo Sa Review, 21(2), 79–103.
  • McCarthy, J. & Benally, J. (2003). Classroom management in a Navajo Middle School. Theory Into Practice, 42(4), 296–304, DOI: 10.1207/s15430421tip4204_6
  • McCarty, T. L., Wallace, S., & Lynch, R. H. (1989). Inquiry-based curriculum development in a Navajo school. Educational Leadership, 46(5), 66–71.
  • McPherson, R. S. & Robinson, P. J. (2020). Traditional Navajo teachings: The Natural World (Volume 2). Independently published (December 1, 2020)
  • Nez, V. (2018). Diné Epistemology: Sa'ah Naaghai Bik'eh Hozhoon Teachings (Doctoral dissertation, The University of New Mexico).
  • Patin, T. (1991). White mischief: Metaphor and desire in a misreading of Navajo culture. American Indian Culture and Research Journal, 15(4), 75 – 90.
  • Powell, D. E., & Curley, A. (2008). K’e, Hozhó, and non-governmental politics on the Navajo Nation: Ontologies of difference manifest in Environmental Activism. Anthropological Quarterly, 81(1), 17–58.
  • Thayer-Bacon, B. J. (2002). Native American Philosophies as Examples of W/holistic Relational (e)pistemologies. Educational Resources Information Center, US Department of Education.
  • Vecsey, C. (2015). Navajo morals and myths, ethics and ethicists. Journal of Religious Ethics, 43(1), 78–121.
  • Vogelbacher, J. (nd.) (2004). Navajo Philosophy and Its Application in Education. Southeastern Oklahoma State University.
  • Weisiger, M. (2007). Gendered injustice: Navajo livestock reduction in the New Deal Era, The Western Historical Quarterly, 38 (4),437–455.
  • Yazzie, R. (1994). Life comes from it: Navajo justice concepts. NML Rev., pp. 24, 175.
  • Yazzie-Mintz, T. (2007). From a place deep inside: Culturally appropriate curriculum as the embodiment of Navajo-ness in classroom pedagogy. Journal of American Indian Education, 72–93.

Okul yönetiminde Navajo düşüncesi

Year 2024, Volume: 2 Issue: 4, 268 - 292, 01.12.2024

Abstract

Navajo’lar (Diné), Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nin Arizona, New Mexico ve Utah eyaletlerinde yaşayan ve Navajoca konuşan Atabaskların, Güney Atabaskları grubundan olan bir Kızılderili halkıdır. Üç yüz binlik nüfuslarıyla Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde federal olarak tanınan en büyük yerli halktır (Weisiger, 2007). Akıl, yaşamsal beceriler, olumlu iletişim ve aile gibi çevresel etkenlerin bireyin eğitiminde gözetilmesi gereken hususlar olduğunu ifade eden Navajo felsefesi yaşama yön veren, bireyin sağlığını ve iyi oluşunu önemseyen ve bilgiyi yücelten bir felsefe olarak göze çarpmaktadır. Bu felsefe dört temel ilkeden oluşur: Hayatı yönlendiren ilke, geçim, aile- bir araya getirme ve her yaratılana saygı ve hürmet (Benally, 2022). Navajolar, bu düşünceleriyle yaşamın hemen her alanına yön vermiş ve özellikle eğitim alanında çığır açmıştır. Öyle ki okul yönetimi konusunda Navajoların öğrenme felsefesinin oldukça sağlam bir referans olarak kullanılabileceği açıkça ortadadır. Bu çalışma, Navajoların öğrenme felsefesi ve pedagoji anlayışlarının okul yönetiminde nasıl uygulanabileceğini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Navajo felsefesine ilişkin alan yazının incelenmesi sonucu elde edilen veriler doküman analizi yoluyla şu temalar altında sunulacaktır: Navajo felsefesinin varlık anlayışı, epistemoloji, değer anlayışı, eğitim felsefesi, eğitimin amaçları, müfredat, metodoloji ve öğretmen anlayışı. Yönetim süreçleri, öğretim, rehberlik ve okul-çevre ilişkileri ile ilişkilendirilen Navajo felsefesi alternatif bir okul modeli olarak ortaya konulacaktır.

References

  • Akdeniz, G. (2019). Onarıcı adalet yaklaşımı ve kavramsal temelleri. Yeditepe Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 1-23.
  • Baytaz, A. (2013). Onarıcı adalete genel bir bakış. Journal of Istanbul University Law Faculty, 71(1), 117–129.
  • Benally, H. J. (1994). Navajo philosophy of learning and pedagogy. Journal of Navajo Education, 12(1), 23–31.
  • Blanchard, K. (1979). The Navajo and the idea of ultimate reality and meaning. Ultimate Reality and Meaning, 2(2), 84-108.
  • Crozier, B. (1974). A theory of conflict (p. 130). Hamilton.
  • Erbaş, R. (2023). Modern onarıcı adalet programlarının temel esasları açısından Türk ceza muhakemesi hukukundaki uzlaştırmanın değerlendirilmesi. Galatasaray Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, (2).1179 – 1234.
  • Hossain, Z., Skurky, T., Joe, J., & Hunt, T. (2011). The sense of collectivism and individualism among husbands and wives in traditional and bi-cultural Navajo families on the Navajo reservation. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 42(4), 543-562.
  • Kara, E. (2023). Kültüre duyarlı eğitim ve göçmen öğrencilerin dil gereksinimleri. T. Çalık (Ed.), Kapsayıcı eğitim içinde (270-285. ss.). Pegem Akademi.
  • Lee, L. (2006). Navajo cultural identity: What can the Navajo Nation bring to the American Indian identity discussion table? Wicazo Sa Review, 21(2), 79–103.
  • McCarthy, J. & Benally, J. (2003). Classroom management in a Navajo Middle School. Theory Into Practice, 42(4), 296–304, DOI: 10.1207/s15430421tip4204_6
  • McCarty, T. L., Wallace, S., & Lynch, R. H. (1989). Inquiry-based curriculum development in a Navajo school. Educational Leadership, 46(5), 66–71.
  • McPherson, R. S. & Robinson, P. J. (2020). Traditional Navajo teachings: The Natural World (Volume 2). Independently published (December 1, 2020)
  • Nez, V. (2018). Diné Epistemology: Sa'ah Naaghai Bik'eh Hozhoon Teachings (Doctoral dissertation, The University of New Mexico).
  • Patin, T. (1991). White mischief: Metaphor and desire in a misreading of Navajo culture. American Indian Culture and Research Journal, 15(4), 75 – 90.
  • Powell, D. E., & Curley, A. (2008). K’e, Hozhó, and non-governmental politics on the Navajo Nation: Ontologies of difference manifest in Environmental Activism. Anthropological Quarterly, 81(1), 17–58.
  • Thayer-Bacon, B. J. (2002). Native American Philosophies as Examples of W/holistic Relational (e)pistemologies. Educational Resources Information Center, US Department of Education.
  • Vecsey, C. (2015). Navajo morals and myths, ethics and ethicists. Journal of Religious Ethics, 43(1), 78–121.
  • Vogelbacher, J. (nd.) (2004). Navajo Philosophy and Its Application in Education. Southeastern Oklahoma State University.
  • Weisiger, M. (2007). Gendered injustice: Navajo livestock reduction in the New Deal Era, The Western Historical Quarterly, 38 (4),437–455.
  • Yazzie, R. (1994). Life comes from it: Navajo justice concepts. NML Rev., pp. 24, 175.
  • Yazzie-Mintz, T. (2007). From a place deep inside: Culturally appropriate curriculum as the embodiment of Navajo-ness in classroom pedagogy. Journal of American Indian Education, 72–93.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Curriculum and Instration (Other), History of Philosophy (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Fatma Hürrem Yıldız 0000-0001-5464-8361

Eray Kara 0000-0001-8614-4918

Nurhayat Yaman Alkan 0009-0003-1229-6478

Publication Date December 1, 2024
Submission Date October 10, 2024
Acceptance Date November 13, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 2 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Yıldız, F. H., Kara, E., & Yaman Alkan, N. (2024). Okul yönetiminde Navajo düşüncesi. Kastamonu İnsan Ve Toplum Dergisi, 2(4), 268-292.

Kastamonu Journal of Human and Society - KJHShttps://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/journal-file/29447