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Pazar Yönlülük, Pazarlama Yeteneklerinin Rekabet Avantajı Elde Etmede İhracat Performansı Üzerine Etkileri: Ankara İli İhracat İşletmelerinde Bir Uygulama

Year 2015, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 1 - 19, 31.12.2015

Abstract

Günümüzde rekabetin yeniden tanımlanması ve içeriğinin değişmesi işletmeleri oldukça zorlamakta ve geçici başarılara değil kalıcı üstünlüklere odaklanmaları gerçeğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Özelliklede pazarlama paradigmasında yaşanan değişimler/dönüşümler işletmelere benzersiz yol haritaları sunmaktadır. Bu haritaların başında ise, pazar yönlü olma ve pazarlama yeteneklerine odaklanarak rekabet avantajı sağlamasıdır. İşletmeleri, sahip oldukları pazar yönlülük ve pazarlama yetenekleri sayesinde rekabetçi üstünlükte daha fazla değer üreterek uzun dönemde performanslarını da artırırlar.

Bu eksende çalışma, Ankara ilindeki faaliyet gösteren ihracat işletmelerinde rekabet avantajı elde etmede pazar yönlülük, pazarlama yeteneklerinin ihracat performansı üzerindeki olası etkilerini belirlemeye yönelik görgül bir değerlendirmeyi kapsamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda toplam 225 ihracat işletmesinden toplanan 200 anketle çalışma gerçekleştirilmiş olup sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir. Bulguların değerlendirilmesinde yapısal eşitlik modeli kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, pazar yönlülük ile pazarlama yetenekleri arasında, pazarlama yetenekleri ve ihracat performansı arasında ve pazar yönlülük ile ihracat performansı arasında istatistiki açıdan anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişki olduğu görülmüştür.

References

  • Akyol, A., ve Akehurst, G. (2003). “An investigation of Export Performance Variations Related to Corporate Export Market Orientation”, European Business Review, 15, ss.5–19.
  • Amit R. ve Schoemaker P. J.H. (1993). “Strategic Assets and Organizational Rent”, Strategic Management Journal, 14, ss.33-46.
  • Anderson, J., C., ve Gerbing D., W., (1988). “Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach”, Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), ss.411-423.
  • Atuahne-Gima, K., (2005).”Resolving the Capability Rigidity Paradox in New Product Innovation”, Journal of Marketing, 69, ss.61-83.
  • Barney, J., (1991). “Firm Resource and Sustained Competitive Advantage”, Journal of Management, 17(1), ss.99-120.
  • Baum, R., J. ve Wally, S., (2003). ”Strategic Decision Speed and Firm Performance”,Strategic Management Journal, 24(11), ss.1107-1129.
  • Bentler, P.,M., (1990). “Comparative Fit Indexes in Structural Models”, Psychological Bulletin, 17(2),ss. 238-246.
  • Cadogan J., W., Dıamantopoulos A., ve De Mortanges C., P., (1999). “A Measure of Export Market Orientation: Scale Development and Cross-Cultural Validation”, Journal of International Business Studies, 30 (4), ss.689-707.
  • Cadogan J., W., Diamantopoulos A., ve Siguaw J., A., (2002). “Export Market-Oriented Activities: Their Antecedents and Performance Consequences”, Journal of International Business Studies, 33 (3), ss.615-626.
  • Cadogan J., W., Paul N.,J., Salminen R., T., Puumalainen K., ve Sundgvist S., (2001). “Key Antecedents to “Export” Market-Oriented Behaviors: A Cross-National Emprical Examination”, International Journal of Research in Marketing, 18 (3), ss.261-282.
  • Cavusgil S.T., ve Zou S., (1994). “Marketing Strategy-Performance Relationship: An Investigation of the Emprical Link in Export Market Ventures”, Journal of Marketing, 58 (Jauary), ss.1-21.
  • Compeau, D. R. ve Higgins, C. A., (1995). “Computer Self-Efficacy: Development of a Measure Initial Test”, MIS Quarterly, 19 (2), ss.189-211.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., ve Büyüköztürk, Ş., (2012), Sosyal Bilimler İçin çok Değişkenli İstatistik SPSS ve LİSREL Uygulamaları, Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Day, G., S. (1994). “The Capabiliities of Market-Driven Organizations”, Journal of Marketing, 58 (October),ss.37-52.
  • Diamantopoulos A., Siguaw J., A., ve Cadogan J., W., (2000). “Export Performance: The Impact of Cross-Country Export Market Orientation”, American Marketing Association, Conference Proceedings, (Winter), 11, ss.177-178.
  • Fornell, C. ve Lacker, D., (1981). “Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error”, Journal of Marketing Research, 18 (1), ss.39-50.
  • Hulland J., Chow, Y. H. ve Shinyin, L. (1996), “Use of Causal Model in Marketing Research: A Review”, International Journal of Research in Marketing,13, ss.181-197.
  • Jaworski, B. J., ve Kohli, A. K. (1993). “Market Orientation: Antecedents and Consequences” Journal of Marketing, 57, ss.53–70.
  • Jöreskog, K.,G., ve Sörbom, D., (1993). LISREL 8. Structural Equation Modeling With The SIMPLIS Command Language, SSI Scientific Software International USA.
  • Kahveci E., (2012). “İşletme Stratejileri ve İhracat Performansı İlişkileri”, Akademik Araştırmalar ve Çalışmalar Dergisi, 4 (6), ss.2-34.
  • Kohli A., ve Jaworski B., (1990). “Market Orientation: The Construct, Research Proposition and Managerial Implication”, Journal of Marketing, 54 (2), ss.1-18.
  • Malhotra, K.,N., (2007). Marketing Research An Applied Orientation, Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Matsuno K. ve Mentzer J. T., (2000). “The Effect of Strategy Type on the Market Orientation- Performance Relationship”, Journal of Marketing, 64 (October),ss.1-16.
  • Menon A., Bharadwaj S., G. ve Howell R., (1996). “The Quality and Effectiveness of Marketing Strategy: Effect of Functional and Dysfunctional Conflict in Intraorganizational Relationship”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 24 (4), ss.299-313.
  • Meydan, H., C., Şeşen, H., (2011). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi AMOS Uygulamaları, Detay Ya., Ankara.
  • Morgan N., A., Kaleka A., ve Katsıkeas C., S., (2004). “Antecedents of Export Venture Performance: A Theoretical Model and Emprical Assessment”, Journal of Marketing, 68 (January), ss.90-108.
  • Morgan N., A., Katsikeas C., S., ve Vorhies D.,W., (2012). “Export Marketing Strategy Implementation, Export Marketing Capabilities and Export Venture Performance”, Journal of the Academy Marketing Science, 40., ss.271-289.
  • Morgan, N. A., Slotegraaf, R. J., ve Vorhies, D. W. (2009).” Linking Marketing Capabilities with Profit Growth”, International Journal of Research in Marketing, 26, 284–293.
  • Murray J., Y., Gao G., Y., ve Kotabe M., (2011). “Market Orientation and Performance of Export Ventures: The process Through Marketing Capabilities and Competitive Advantages”, Journal of The Academy Marketing Scinece, 39, ss.252-269.
  • Murray J., Y., Gao G., Y., Kotabe M., ve Zhou N., (2007). “Assessing Measurement Invariance of Export Market Orientation: A Study of Chinese and Non-Chinese Firms in China”, Journal of International Marketing, 15 (4), ss.41-62.
  • Murray Y. J., Gao G., Y., ve Kotabe M., (2011). “Market Orientation and Performance of Export Ventures the Process through Marketing Capabilities and Competitive Advantages”, Journal of the Academy Marketing Science, 39, ss.252- 269.
  • Narver, J. C., ve Slater, S. F. (1990). “The effect of a Market Orientation on Business Profitability”, Journal of Marketing, 64, ss.21–35.
  • Netemeyer, R., Bearden, W. O. ve Sharma, S.(2003). Scaling Procedures: Issues and Applications, U.S.A: 2nd Edition Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks
  • Ngo L., V., ve O’Cass A., (2012). “Performance Implications of Market Orientation, Marketing Resource and Marketing Capabilities”, Journal of Marketing Management, 28 (1/2), ss.173-187. Papatya, N., (2007). Sürdürülebilir Rekabetçi Üstünlük Sağlamada Stratejik Yönetim ve Pazarlama Odağı Kaynak Tabanlı Görüş, Asil Ya. Ankara.
  • Rose G., M., ve Shoham A., (2002). “Export Performance and Market Orientation Establishing an Emprical Link”, Journal of Business Research, 55, ss.217-222.
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger H.,ve Müller H., (2003). “Evaluating the Fit of Structural Equation Models: Test of Significance and Descriptive Goodness-of-Fit Measures” Methods of Psychological Research Online , 8(2), ss. 23- 74.
  • Şimşek, Ö., F. (2007), Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesine Giriş- Temel İlkeler ve Lisrel Uygulamaları, Ankara: Ekinoks.
  • Theodosiou M., Kehagias J., ve Katsikea E., (2012), “Strategic Orientations, Marketing Capabilities and Firm Performance: An Emprical Investigation in the Context of Frontline Managers in Service Organizations”, Industrial Marketing Management, 41, ss.1058-1070.
  • Ural T., Balıkçıoğlu B., ve Yükselen C., (2202). “Pazar Yönlülük, Pazarlama Yönlülük ve İşletme Performansı İlişkisi, Bilgi ve İletişim Sektöründe Bir Araştırma”, Pazarlama Dünyası Dergisi, 16 (Ocak-Şubat), ss.32-37.
  • Vorhies, D. W., Morgan, R. E., ve Autry, C. W. (2009). “Product-Market Strategy and the Marketing Capabilities of the Firm: Impact on Market Effectiveness and Cash Flow Performance”, Strategic Management Journal, 30(12), 1310–1334.
  • Zou S., Fang E., ve Zhao S., (2003). “The Effect of Export Marketing Capabilities on Export Performance: An Investigation of Chinese Exporters”, Journal of International Marketing, 11 (4), ss.32-55.
  • Zou S., Taylor C., R., ve Osland G., E., (1998). “The EXPERF Scale: A Cross-National Generalized Export Performance Measure”, Journal of International Marketing, 6 (3), ss.37-58.
  • Zou S.,ve Stan S., (1998a). “The Determinants of Export Performance: A Review of The Emprical Literature Between 1987 and 1997”, International Marketing Review, 15 (5), ss.333-356.
Year 2015, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 1 - 19, 31.12.2015

Abstract

References

  • Akyol, A., ve Akehurst, G. (2003). “An investigation of Export Performance Variations Related to Corporate Export Market Orientation”, European Business Review, 15, ss.5–19.
  • Amit R. ve Schoemaker P. J.H. (1993). “Strategic Assets and Organizational Rent”, Strategic Management Journal, 14, ss.33-46.
  • Anderson, J., C., ve Gerbing D., W., (1988). “Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach”, Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), ss.411-423.
  • Atuahne-Gima, K., (2005).”Resolving the Capability Rigidity Paradox in New Product Innovation”, Journal of Marketing, 69, ss.61-83.
  • Barney, J., (1991). “Firm Resource and Sustained Competitive Advantage”, Journal of Management, 17(1), ss.99-120.
  • Baum, R., J. ve Wally, S., (2003). ”Strategic Decision Speed and Firm Performance”,Strategic Management Journal, 24(11), ss.1107-1129.
  • Bentler, P.,M., (1990). “Comparative Fit Indexes in Structural Models”, Psychological Bulletin, 17(2),ss. 238-246.
  • Cadogan J., W., Dıamantopoulos A., ve De Mortanges C., P., (1999). “A Measure of Export Market Orientation: Scale Development and Cross-Cultural Validation”, Journal of International Business Studies, 30 (4), ss.689-707.
  • Cadogan J., W., Diamantopoulos A., ve Siguaw J., A., (2002). “Export Market-Oriented Activities: Their Antecedents and Performance Consequences”, Journal of International Business Studies, 33 (3), ss.615-626.
  • Cadogan J., W., Paul N.,J., Salminen R., T., Puumalainen K., ve Sundgvist S., (2001). “Key Antecedents to “Export” Market-Oriented Behaviors: A Cross-National Emprical Examination”, International Journal of Research in Marketing, 18 (3), ss.261-282.
  • Cavusgil S.T., ve Zou S., (1994). “Marketing Strategy-Performance Relationship: An Investigation of the Emprical Link in Export Market Ventures”, Journal of Marketing, 58 (Jauary), ss.1-21.
  • Compeau, D. R. ve Higgins, C. A., (1995). “Computer Self-Efficacy: Development of a Measure Initial Test”, MIS Quarterly, 19 (2), ss.189-211.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., ve Büyüköztürk, Ş., (2012), Sosyal Bilimler İçin çok Değişkenli İstatistik SPSS ve LİSREL Uygulamaları, Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Day, G., S. (1994). “The Capabiliities of Market-Driven Organizations”, Journal of Marketing, 58 (October),ss.37-52.
  • Diamantopoulos A., Siguaw J., A., ve Cadogan J., W., (2000). “Export Performance: The Impact of Cross-Country Export Market Orientation”, American Marketing Association, Conference Proceedings, (Winter), 11, ss.177-178.
  • Fornell, C. ve Lacker, D., (1981). “Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error”, Journal of Marketing Research, 18 (1), ss.39-50.
  • Hulland J., Chow, Y. H. ve Shinyin, L. (1996), “Use of Causal Model in Marketing Research: A Review”, International Journal of Research in Marketing,13, ss.181-197.
  • Jaworski, B. J., ve Kohli, A. K. (1993). “Market Orientation: Antecedents and Consequences” Journal of Marketing, 57, ss.53–70.
  • Jöreskog, K.,G., ve Sörbom, D., (1993). LISREL 8. Structural Equation Modeling With The SIMPLIS Command Language, SSI Scientific Software International USA.
  • Kahveci E., (2012). “İşletme Stratejileri ve İhracat Performansı İlişkileri”, Akademik Araştırmalar ve Çalışmalar Dergisi, 4 (6), ss.2-34.
  • Kohli A., ve Jaworski B., (1990). “Market Orientation: The Construct, Research Proposition and Managerial Implication”, Journal of Marketing, 54 (2), ss.1-18.
  • Malhotra, K.,N., (2007). Marketing Research An Applied Orientation, Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Matsuno K. ve Mentzer J. T., (2000). “The Effect of Strategy Type on the Market Orientation- Performance Relationship”, Journal of Marketing, 64 (October),ss.1-16.
  • Menon A., Bharadwaj S., G. ve Howell R., (1996). “The Quality and Effectiveness of Marketing Strategy: Effect of Functional and Dysfunctional Conflict in Intraorganizational Relationship”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 24 (4), ss.299-313.
  • Meydan, H., C., Şeşen, H., (2011). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi AMOS Uygulamaları, Detay Ya., Ankara.
  • Morgan N., A., Kaleka A., ve Katsıkeas C., S., (2004). “Antecedents of Export Venture Performance: A Theoretical Model and Emprical Assessment”, Journal of Marketing, 68 (January), ss.90-108.
  • Morgan N., A., Katsikeas C., S., ve Vorhies D.,W., (2012). “Export Marketing Strategy Implementation, Export Marketing Capabilities and Export Venture Performance”, Journal of the Academy Marketing Science, 40., ss.271-289.
  • Morgan, N. A., Slotegraaf, R. J., ve Vorhies, D. W. (2009).” Linking Marketing Capabilities with Profit Growth”, International Journal of Research in Marketing, 26, 284–293.
  • Murray J., Y., Gao G., Y., ve Kotabe M., (2011). “Market Orientation and Performance of Export Ventures: The process Through Marketing Capabilities and Competitive Advantages”, Journal of The Academy Marketing Scinece, 39, ss.252-269.
  • Murray J., Y., Gao G., Y., Kotabe M., ve Zhou N., (2007). “Assessing Measurement Invariance of Export Market Orientation: A Study of Chinese and Non-Chinese Firms in China”, Journal of International Marketing, 15 (4), ss.41-62.
  • Murray Y. J., Gao G., Y., ve Kotabe M., (2011). “Market Orientation and Performance of Export Ventures the Process through Marketing Capabilities and Competitive Advantages”, Journal of the Academy Marketing Science, 39, ss.252- 269.
  • Narver, J. C., ve Slater, S. F. (1990). “The effect of a Market Orientation on Business Profitability”, Journal of Marketing, 64, ss.21–35.
  • Netemeyer, R., Bearden, W. O. ve Sharma, S.(2003). Scaling Procedures: Issues and Applications, U.S.A: 2nd Edition Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks
  • Ngo L., V., ve O’Cass A., (2012). “Performance Implications of Market Orientation, Marketing Resource and Marketing Capabilities”, Journal of Marketing Management, 28 (1/2), ss.173-187. Papatya, N., (2007). Sürdürülebilir Rekabetçi Üstünlük Sağlamada Stratejik Yönetim ve Pazarlama Odağı Kaynak Tabanlı Görüş, Asil Ya. Ankara.
  • Rose G., M., ve Shoham A., (2002). “Export Performance and Market Orientation Establishing an Emprical Link”, Journal of Business Research, 55, ss.217-222.
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger H.,ve Müller H., (2003). “Evaluating the Fit of Structural Equation Models: Test of Significance and Descriptive Goodness-of-Fit Measures” Methods of Psychological Research Online , 8(2), ss. 23- 74.
  • Şimşek, Ö., F. (2007), Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesine Giriş- Temel İlkeler ve Lisrel Uygulamaları, Ankara: Ekinoks.
  • Theodosiou M., Kehagias J., ve Katsikea E., (2012), “Strategic Orientations, Marketing Capabilities and Firm Performance: An Emprical Investigation in the Context of Frontline Managers in Service Organizations”, Industrial Marketing Management, 41, ss.1058-1070.
  • Ural T., Balıkçıoğlu B., ve Yükselen C., (2202). “Pazar Yönlülük, Pazarlama Yönlülük ve İşletme Performansı İlişkisi, Bilgi ve İletişim Sektöründe Bir Araştırma”, Pazarlama Dünyası Dergisi, 16 (Ocak-Şubat), ss.32-37.
  • Vorhies, D. W., Morgan, R. E., ve Autry, C. W. (2009). “Product-Market Strategy and the Marketing Capabilities of the Firm: Impact on Market Effectiveness and Cash Flow Performance”, Strategic Management Journal, 30(12), 1310–1334.
  • Zou S., Fang E., ve Zhao S., (2003). “The Effect of Export Marketing Capabilities on Export Performance: An Investigation of Chinese Exporters”, Journal of International Marketing, 11 (4), ss.32-55.
  • Zou S., Taylor C., R., ve Osland G., E., (1998). “The EXPERF Scale: A Cross-National Generalized Export Performance Measure”, Journal of International Marketing, 6 (3), ss.37-58.
  • Zou S.,ve Stan S., (1998a). “The Determinants of Export Performance: A Review of The Emprical Literature Between 1987 and 1997”, International Marketing Review, 15 (5), ss.333-356.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Tülin Durukan This is me

A. Buğra Hamşioğlu

Publication Date December 31, 2015
Submission Date November 1, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 1 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Durukan, T., & Hamşioğlu, A. B. (2015). Pazar Yönlülük, Pazarlama Yeteneklerinin Rekabet Avantajı Elde Etmede İhracat Performansı Üzerine Etkileri: Ankara İli İhracat İşletmelerinde Bir Uygulama. Ekonomi İşletme Siyaset Ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 1(2), 1-19.

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