THE ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BUSINESS SATISFACTION AND BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF FIVE STAR ACCOMMODATION ADMINISTRATORS AND THE ROLE OF INTERMEDIATE SITUATION IN THE ORGANIZATION: THE ANTALYA SAMPLE

Year 2017, Volume: 6 Issue: 5, 211 - 227, 22.12.2017

Pelin Arsezen

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study is to
investigate the relationship between workaholic behavior and business
performance and work performance, and to analyze the intermediary role of mood
emotional commitment. In labor-intensive industries such as the tourism
industry, it is known that the loyalty and commitment of both employees and
managers are important. Research in the organizational and sectoral context
related to the behavior of work is very limited. The study investigating the
behavior of work in tourism is as little to be studied. This study provides
both the field writing and the sector specific contribution in this direction.

Method: In this study, there are four
variable groups of managers working as tourism managers in Antalya province:
worker behaviors, emotional commitment perceptions, job satisfaction and
business performance. A structured interview form was used as a data collection
tool and data were collected from a total of 115 participants.

Results: According to the results of the
research, there is a positive relationship between manager 's behavior of work
and job satisfaction and business performance, and this relationship has an
intermediary role in emotional commitment.

Keywords

Workaholic, Emotional Commitment, Job Satisfaction, Business Performance

TURİZMDE İŞKOLİKLİK DAVRANIŞI, İŞ TATMİNİ İLE İŞLETME PERFORMANSI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN ANALİZİ VE ÖRGÜTE DUYGUSAL BAĞLILIĞIN ARACI ROLÜ: ANTALYA’DA BULUNAN BEŞ YILDIZLI KONAKLAMA İŞLETMELERİNDEKİ YÖNETİCİLER ÖRNEĞİ

Abstract

Amaç: Konaklama işletmelerindeki
çeşitli kademe yöneticilerin, işkoliklik ve iş tatmini ile işletme performansı
ilişkisini araştırmak ve örgüte duygusal bağlılığın aracı rolünü analiz
etmektir. Turizm endüstrisi gibi emek yoğun endüstrilerde hem çalışanların hem
yöneticilerin sadakati ve bağlılığının önemi bilinmektedir. İşkoliklik
davranışı ile ilgili örgütsel ve sektörel bağlamda araştırma çok kısıtlıdır.
Turizmde işkoliklik davranışını araştıran çalışma ise yok denecek kadar azdır. Çalışma
bu yönüyle hem alan yazına hem sektöre özgün katkı sağlamaktadır.

Yöntem: Bu araştırmada, Antalya ilinde turizm
işletmelerinde yönetici olarak çalışanların işkoliklik davranışı, duygusal
bağlılık algıları, iş tatmini ve işletme performansı olmak üzere dört değişken
grubu bulunmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak yapılandırılmış görüşme formu
kullanılmış ve toplam 115 katılımcıdan veri toplanmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre
yöneticilerin işkoliklik davranışı ile iş tatmini ve işletme performansı
arasında pozitif yönlü ilişki vardır ve bu ilişkide duygusal bağlılığın aracı
rolü bulunmaktadır.

Keywords

İşkoliklik, Duygusal Bağlılık, İş Tatmini, İşletme Performansı

References

• Akduman, G., Hatipoğlu, Z. ve Yüksekbilgili, Z. (2015). Work Addiction as Related to Number of Children. International Research Journal of York University, 2(2), 129-137. Akın, U. ve Oğuz, E. (2010). Öğretmenlerin İşkoliklik ve Tükenmişlik Düzeylerinin İlişkisi ve Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi, 16(3), 309-327. Allen, N.J. ve Meyer, J.P. (1990). The Measurement and Antecedents of Affective, Continuance and Normative Commitment to the Organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 1-18. Altundaş, O. (2000). Poliste Stres ve İş Tatmini, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, AÜSBE. Erzurum. Andrews, C. (2003). Comparative Analysis of Management and Employee Job Satisfaction and Policy Perceptions, Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, University of North Texas. Texas. Angle, H. ve Perry, J. (1981). An Empirical Assessment of Organizational Commitment and Organizational Effectiveness. Administrative Science Quarterly, 26, 1-14. Arsezen-Otamış.,P. (2016). Postmodern Örgütlerde Güncel Davranışsal Konular. İstanbul: Beta Yayınevi. Aziz, S. ve Jamie, C. (2008). Workaholism, Work Stress, Work-Life Imbalance: Exploring Gender’s Role. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 23(8), 553-566. Aziz, S. ve Michael, J.Z. (2006). A Cluster Analysis Investigation of Workaholism as a Syndrome. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 11(1), 52-62. Balay, R. (2000). Yönetici ve Öğretmenlerde Örgütsel Bağlılık. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Balcı, A. (2003). Örgütsel Sosyalleşme. Ankara: Pegema Yayıncılık. Bardakçı, S. ve Baloğlu, M. (2012). İlköğretim ve Ortaöğretim Kurumlarında Görev Yapan Okul Yöneticilerinin İşkoliklik Eğilimleri. Eğitim ve Bilim Dergisi, 37(164), 45-56. Bashan, E. (2012). İşkoliklik ve Tükenmişlik Arasındaki İlişkiyi Ölçmeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü İşletme Anabilim Dalı, Kütahya. Bathini, D.R. ve Kandathil, G. (2015). Work from Home: A Boon or a Bane? The Missing Piece of Employee Cost. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 50(4), 568-574. Bayraktaroğlu, S., Kutanis, R.Ö. ve Dosaliyeva, D., “İşkoliklik ve Örgütsel Bağlılık: Bankacılık Sektöründe Karşılaştırmalı bir Araştırma”, 17. Ulusal Yönetim ve Organizasyon Kongresi, Eskişehir, Türkiye, 21-23 Mayıs, 2009. Beem, B. (2007). Co-Management from the Top? The Roles of Policy Entrepreneurs and Distributive Conflict in Developing Co-Management Arrangements. Marine Policy, 31(4), 540-549. Bingöl, D. (2003). İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi (5. Baskı). İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık. Bonebright, C.A., Clay, D.L. ve Ankenmann, R.D. (2000). The Relationship of Workaholism with Work–Life Conflict, Life Satisfaction, and Purpose in Life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47, 469-477. Burke, C.S., Bowers, C.A., Salas, E., Asberg, K., Priest, H. ve Milham, L., “A Research Methodology and Initial Findings: Studying Combat Readiness and Stress within Teams”. Paper presented at the American Psychological Association’s Midyear Meeting, Fort Belvoir, VA, 2003, March. Burke, M.J., Chester, C.B. ve Kaufman, J.D. (2002). Contemporary Perspectives on the Study of Psychological Climate: A Commentary. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 11(3), 325-340. Burke, R.J. (1999). It’s Not How Hard You Work but How You Work Hard: Evaluating Workaholism Components. International Journal of Stress Management, 6, 225-239. Burke, R.J. (2000). Workaholism in Organizations: Psychological and Physical Wellbeing Consequences. Stress Medicine, 16, 11-16. Burke, R.J. (2000a). Workaholism and Extra Work Satisfactions. The International of Organizational Analysis, 7(4), 352-364. Burke, R.J. (2000b). Workaholism in Organizations: Concepts, Results and Future Research Directions. International Journal of Management Reviews, 2(1), 1-16. Burke, R.J. (2001a). Editorial: Workaholism in Organizations. International Journal of Stress Management, 8, 65-68. Burke, R.J. (2001b). Predictors of Workaholism Components and Behaviors. International Journal of Stress Management, 8(2), 113-127. Burke, R.J. (2004). Work and Family Integration. Equal Opportunities International, 23(1/2), 1-5. Burke, R.J. ve Köksal, H. (2002). Workaholism among a Sample of Turkish Managers and Professionals: An Exploratory Study. Psychological Reports, 91(1), 60-68. Burke, R.J. ve Mathiesen, S. (2004). Workaholism among Norwegian Journalists: Antecedents and Consequences. Stress and Health, 20(5), 301-308. Burke, R.J., Davis, A.R. ve Flett, G.L. (2008). Workaholism Types, Perfectionism and Work Outcomes. “İş, Güç” Endüstri İlişkileri ve İnsan Kaynakları Dergisi, 10(4), 30-40. Burke, R.J., Stig, B.M. ve Stale, P. (2006a). Workaholism, Organizational Life and Well-being of Norwegian Nursing Staff. Career Development International, 11(5), 463-477. Burke, R.J., Astrid, M. ve Richardsen, M.M. (2004a). Workaholism among Norwegian Managers: Work and Well‐being Outcomes. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17(5), 459-470. Burke, R.J., Astrid, M.R. ve Monica, M. (2006b). Gender Differences in Policing: Reasons for Optimism? Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 29(3), 513-523. Burke, R.J., Fay, O. ve Zena, B. (2004b). Workaholism among Australian Women Psychologists: Antecedents and Consequences. Women in Management Review, 19(5), 252-259. Butucescu, A. ve Uscatescu, L.C. (2015). What Does the Romanian Workaholic Look Like? A First Glimpse into the Links between Workaholism and Employee Characteristics; a Validation Attempt of Duwas Scale. Psychology of Human Resources Journal, 11(1), 17-32. Çetin Gürkan, G. (2006). Örgütsel Bağlılık: Örgütsel İklimin Örgütsel Bağlılık Üzerindeki Etkisi ve Trakya Üniversitesi’nde Örgüt İklimi İle Örgütsel Bağlılık Arasındaki İlişkinin Araştırılması, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Edirne Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Edirne. Chamberlin, C. ve Zhang, N. (2009).Workaholism, Health, and Self-acceptance. Journal of Counseling & Development, 87(1), 159-169. Chodkiewicz, J. ve Hauk, M. (2012). The Relationship between Workaholism Defined as an Addiction and a Behavioral Tendency and Work-Family Conflict. Med Pr., 63(2), 199-209. Clark L.A. (1993). Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP): Manual for Administration, Scoring, and Interpretation. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Çöl, G. (2004). Güçlendirme ve Örgütsel Bağlılık İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Gebze Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Gebze. Demir, C. ve Öztürk, U.C. (2011). Örgüt Kültürünün Örgütsel Bağlılık Üzerine Etkisi ve Bir Uygulama. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(1), 17-41. Dewilde, T., Dewettinck, K. ve Vos, A.D. (2007). When Work Becomes an Addiction: An Exploration of Individual and Organizational Antecetends of Workaholism and Impaction Employee Outcomes. Vlerick Leuven Gent Working Paper Series 2007/33 ss.1-22. Doğan, T. ve Tel, F.D. (2011). Duwas İşkoliklik Ölçeği Türkçe Formunun (DUWASTR) Geçerlik ve Güvenirliğinin İncelenmesi. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(1), 61-69. Emhan, A., ve Mete, M. (2012). Kamu ve Özel Sektör Çalışanlarında İşkoliklik ve Obsesyon Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Dicle Tıp Dergisi, 39(1), 75-79. Erben, G.S. ve Güneşer, A.B. (2008). The Relationship between Paternalistic Leadership and Organizational Commitment: Investigating the Role of Climate Regarding Ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 82(4), 955-968. Fassel, D. (1990). Working Ourselves to Death: The High Costs of Workholism, The Rewards of Recovery. San Francisco, CA: Harper Collins. Filley, A., House, R. ve Kerr, S. (1976). Managerial Process and Organization Behavior. Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman. Flowers, C.P. ve Robinson, B. (2002). A Structural and Discriminant Analysis of the Work Addiction Risk Test. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 62(3), 517-526. Garson, B. (2005). Work Addiction in the Age of Information Technology: An Analysis. IIMB Management Review, 7(1), 15-21. Golinska, L. (2008). Pracoholizm. Warszawa: Uzależnienie Czy Pasja, Difin. Gül, H., Oktay, E. ve Gökçe, H. (2008). İş Tatmini, Stres, Örgütsel Bağlılık, İşten Ayrılma Niyeti ve Performans Arasındaki İlişkiler: Sağlık Sektöründe Bir Uygulama. Uluslararası Hakemli Sosyal Bilimler E-Dergisi, 15, 1-11. Hakimian, F., Farid, H., İsmail, M.N. ve İsmail, I.A. (2014). Paternalistic Leadership and Organizational Commitment. International Journal of Management Excellence, 3(1), 373- 378. Harpaz, I. ve Snir, R. (2003). Workaholism: Its Definition and Nature. Human Relations, 56, 291-320. Harter, J.K., Schmidt, F.L. ve Hayes, T.L. (2002). Business-Unit Level Relationship between Employee Satisfaction, Employee Engagement, and Business Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 268-279. Hauk, M. ve Jchodkiewicz, J. (2013). The Role of General and Occupational Stress in the Relationship between Workaholism. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 26(3), 383-393. Hoffi-Hofstetter, H. ve Mannheim, B. (1999). Managers' Coping Resources, Perceived Organizational Patterns, and Responses During Organizational Recovery from Decline. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20(5), 665-685. Huang, J.C. ve Hu, C. ve Wu, T.C. (2010). Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the Workaholism Battery. The Journal of Psychology, 144, 163-183. Iaffaldano, M.T. ve Muchinsky, P.M. (1985). Job Satisfaction and Job Performance: A Meta-Analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 97, 251-273. İnce, M. ve Hasan, G. (2005). Yönetimde Yeni Bir Paradigma: Örgütsel Bağlılık. Konya: Çizgi Kitapevi. İşcan, Ö.F. ve Timuroğlu, K. (2007). Örgüt Kültürünün İş Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkisi ve Bir Uygulama. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(1), 119-136. Johnstone, A. ve Johnston, L. (2005). The Relationship between Organizational Climate, Occupational Type and Workaholism. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 34(3), 181-188. Judge, T.A., Thoresen, C.J., Bono, J.E. ve Patton, G.K. (2001). The Job Satisfaction Job Performance Relationship: A Qualitative and Quantitative Review. Psychological Bulletin, 127, 376-407. Kanai, A. ve Wakabayashi, M. (2001). Workaholism among Japanese Blue-collar Employees. International Journal of Stress Management, 8, 129-145. Kanai, A. ve Wakabayashi, M. (2004). Effects of Economic Environmental Changes on Job Demands and Workaholism in Japan. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17(5), 537-548. Kanai, A., Wakabayashi, M. ve Fling, S. (1996). Workaholism among Employees in Japanese Corporations: An Examination Based on the Japanese Version of the Workaholism Scales. Japanese Psychological Research, 38, 192-203. Kanchana, K. (2015). An Attempt of Three ‘E’s to Achieve the Fourth ‘E’ - A Study on Women Employees in Private Sector Enterprises. International Journal of Business and Administration Research Review, 1(8), 259. Karacaoğlu, K. ve Güney, Y. (2012). The Effect of Teacher’s Organizational Commitment on Their Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: Case of Nevşehir. Öneri Dergisi, 9(34), 137-153. Kart, M.E. (2005). Reability and Validity of the Workaholism Battery (Work-Batt): Turkish Form. Social Behavior and Personality, 33(6), 609-618. Klaft, R.P. ve Kleiner, B.H. (1988). Understanding Workaholics. Business, 33, 37- Kochanska, G., Friesenborg, A., Lange, L., Martel, M. ve Kochanska, G. (2004). Parents' Personality and Infants’ Temperament as Contributors to Their Emerging Relationship. Jornal of Personal Social Psychology, 86(5), 744-759. Kosevic, A. ve Loh, J. (2015). For Love: The Mediating Role of Self Efficacy on Workaholism, Job Satisfaction and Burnout. International Journal of Arts & Sciences, 8(2), 493-505. Lacy, F.J. ve Sheehan, B.A. (1997). Job Satisfaction among Academic Staff: An International Perspective. Higher Education, 34(3), 305-322. Lo, M.C., Ramayah, T., Min, H.W. ve Songan, P. (2010). The Relationship between Leadership Styles and Organizational Commitment in Malaysia: Role of Leader– Member Exchange. Asia Pacific Business Review, 16(1-2), 79-103. Luthans, F. (2002). The Need For and Meaning of Positive Organizational Behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 695-706. Machlowitz, M. (1980). Workaholics: Living with Them, Working with Them. Reading, Ma: Addison-Wesley. Mckay, J. (2004). Workaholism: Praised or Thep of School Administators? Journal of Scholarship & Practice, 1(2), 6-10. McMillan, L.H.W. (2002). Workaholism: How Does It Impact on Peoples’ Lives? Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, University of Waikato, Hamilton. McMillan, L.H.W., O’driscoll, M.P. ve Brady, E.C. (2004). The Impact of Workaholism on Personal Relationships. British Journal of Guidance &Counselling, 32(2), 171-186. McMillan, L.H.W., O’driscoll, M.P., Michael, P., Marsh, N.V. ve Brady, E.C. (2001). Understanding Workaholism: Data Synthesis, Theoretical Critique, and Future Design Strategies. International Journal of Stress Management, 8, 69-91. Meyer, J.P. ve Allen, N.J. (1997). Commitment in the Workplace Theory, Research and Application. California: Sage. Meyer, J.P., Allen, N.J. ve Smith, C.A. (1993). Commitment to Organizations and Occupations: Extension and Test of a Three-Component Conceptualization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(4), 538-551. Meyer, J.P., Stanley, D.J., Herscovitch, L. ve Topolnytsky, L. (2002). Affective, Continuance and Normatie Commitment to the Organization: A Meta-Analysis of Antecedents, Correlates and Consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61, 20- Meyer, J.P., Irving, P.G. ve Allen, N.J. (1998). Examination of the Combined Effects of Work Values and Early Work Experience on Organizational Commitment. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19, 29-52. Mudrack, P.E. (2004). Job Involvement, Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Traits, and Workaholic Behavioral Tendencies. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17(5), 490-508. Mudrack, P.E. ve Naughton, T.J. (2001). The Assessment of Workaholism as Behavioral Tendencies: Scale Development and Preliminary Empirical Testing. International Journal of Stress Management, 8, 93‐111. Muse, L.A. ve Stamper, C.L. (2007). Perceived Organizational Support: Evidence for a Mediated Association with Work Performance. Journal of Managerial Issues, 19(4), 517-535. Naktiyok, A. ve Karabey, C. (2005). İşkoliklik ve Tükenmişlik Sendromu. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(1), 179-188. Naughton, T.J. (1987). A Conceptual View of Workaholism and Implications for Career Counseling and Research. The Career Development Quarterly, 14, 180-187. Oates, W.E. (1968). On Being a “Workaholic”. Pastoral Psychology, Springer. Oates, W.E. (1971). Confessions of a Workaholic: The Facts about Work Addiction. New York: World Publishing Company. Obeng, K. ve Ugboro, I. (2003). Organizational Commitment among Public Transit Employees: An Assessment Study. Journal of the Transportation Research Forum, 57(2), 83-98. Ortiz, D.C. (2010). Organizational Commitment & Its Antecedents: Empirical Evidence from a Developing Country. http://www.swdsi.org/Swdsi2010/Sw2010_ Preceedings/Papers/Pa157.Pdf, (Erişim Tarihi: 11.10.2017). Ostroff, C. (1992). The Relationship between Satisfaction, Attitudes, and Performance: An Organizational Level Analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 963-974. Özata, M., Bebe, Ç. ve Akman, H., “Workaholism in Healthcare Professionals”, International Healthcare Management Conference, 15-17 June 2015. Özkalp, E. ve Kırel, Ç. (2013). Organizational Behavior (6. Edition). Bursa: Ekin Yayınevi. Peiperl, M. ve Jones, B. (2001). Workaholics and Overworkers: Productivity or Pathology? Group and Organization Management, 26, 369-393. Pekdemir, I. ve Koçoğlu, M. (2014). İşkoliklik ile İş Yaşam Dengesi Arasındaki İlişkide Kişilik Özelliklerinin Aracılık Rolü Üzerine Bir Araştırma. AİBÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 14, 17-36. Peplinska, A., Wojdylo, K., Kosakowska-Berezecka, N. ve Polomski, P. (2015). The Role of Purpose in Life and Social Support in Reducing the Risk of Workaholism among Women in Poland. Health Psychology Report, 3(4), 326-335. Petty, M.M., Mcgee, G.W. ve Cavender. J.W. (1984). A Meta-Analysis of the Relationships between Individual Job Satisfaction and Individual Performance. Academy of Management Review, 9, 712-721. Porter, G. (1996). Organizational Impact of Workaholism: Suggestions for Researching the Negative Outcomes of Excessive Work. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 1(1), 70-84. Porter, G. (2006). Profiles of Workaholism among High-Tech Managers. Career Development International, 11, 440-462. Randeree, K. ve Chaudhry, A.G. (2012). Leadership – Style, Satisfaction and Commitment: An Exploration in the United Arab Emirates’ Construction Sector. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 19(1), 61-85. Rehman, M. ve Afsar, B. (2012). The Impact of Paternalistic Leadership on Organizational Commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Journal of Business Management and Applied Economics, 5, 1-12. Robbins, S. (2001). Organizational Behavior (9.Edition). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Robinson B.E. ve Carroll, J. (1999). Assessing the Offspring of Workaholic Parents: The Children of Workaholics Screening Test. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 88, 1127- 1134. Robinson, B.E. (1989). Work Addiction. Deerfield Beach, FL: Health Communications. Robinson, B.E. (1996). The Psychosocial and Familial Dimensions of Work Addiction: Preliminary Perspectives and Hypotheses. Journal of Counseling & Development, 74, 447-452. Robinson, B.E. (1998). Chained to the Desk: A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, and the Clinicians Who Treat Them. Health Psychology Report, 1, 70-84. Robinson, B.E. (1999). The Work Addition Risk Test: Development of a Tentative Measure of Workaholism. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 88, 199-210. Robinson, B.E. (2000). Workaholism: Bridging the Gap between Workplace, Sociocultural, And Family Research. Journal of Employment Counseling, 37, 31-47. Robinson, B.E. ve Phillips, B. (1995). Measuring Workaholism: Content Validity of the Work Addiction Risk Test. Psychological Reports, 77, 657-658. Robinson, B.E. ve Post, P. (1994). Validity of the Work Addition Risk Test. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 78, 337-338. Robinson, B.E. ve Post, P. (1997). Risk of Addition to Work and Family Functioning. Psychological Reports, 81, 91-95. Robinson, B.E., Carroll, J.J. ve Flowers, C. (2001). Marital Estrangement, Positive Affect, and Locus of Control among Spouses of Workaholics and Spouses of Non- Workaholics: A National Study. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 29, 397- 410. Rohrlich, J.B. (1981). The Dynamics of Work Addiction. The Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences, 18, 147-156. Russ, F.A. ve Mcneilly, K.M. (1995). Links among Satisfaction, Commitment, and Turnover Intentions: The Moderating Effect of Experience, Gender and Performance. Journal of Business Research, 34(1), 57‐66. Saher, N., Naz, S., Tasleem, I., Naz, R. ve Kausar, S. (2013). Does Paternalistic Leadership Lead to Commitment? Trust in Leader as Moderator in Pakistani Context. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 5(1), 443-455. Salanova, M., Del Libano, M., Llorens, S. ve Wilmar, B.S. (2014). Engaged, Workaholic, Burned-Out or Just 9-to-5? Toward a Typology of Employee Well- Being. Stress and Health, 30(1), 71-81. Sarıkaya, M. (2002). İşletmelerin Spor Kulübü Kurmalarının İş Tatmini Üzerine Etkisi, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, AÜSBE. Erzurum. Schaufeli, W. ve Taris, T. (2008). Workaholism, Burnout, and Work Engagement: Three of a Kind or Three Different Kinds of Employee Well-Being? Applied Psychology: An International Review, 57(2), 173-203. Schaufeli, W.B., Taris, T.W. ve Bakker, A.B. (2006). Dr Jekyll or Mr Hyde? On the Difference between Work Engagement and Workaholism. Burke (Ed.), Workaholism and Long Hours Working. (ss.193-217). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. Schaufeli, W.B., Taris, T.W. ve Vanrhenen, W. (2008). Workaholism, Burnout, and Work Engagement: Three of a Kind or Three Different Kinds of Employee Well-Being? Applied Psychology: An International Review, 57(2), 173-203. Scott, K., Moore, K. ve Miceli, M. (1997). An Exploration of the Meaning and Consequences of Workaholics’. Human Relations, 50(2), 287-314. Seybold, K.C. ve Salomone, P.R. (1994). Understanding Workaholism: A View of Causes and Counseling Approaches. Journal of Counseling and Development, 73, 4-9. Spence, J.T. ve Robbins, A.S. (1992). Workaholism: Definition, Measurement, and Preliminary Results. Journal of Personality Assessment, 58, 160-178. Stup, R.E. (2006). Human Resources Management, Organizational Commitment and Perceived Organizational Support in Dairy Farm Business, Unpublished Doctorate Dissertation, Pennsylvania State University, USA. Taris, T.W., Schaufeli, W.B. ve Verhoeven, L.C. (2005). Workaholism in the Netherlands: Measurement and Implications for Job Strain and Work-Nonwork Conflict. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 54, 37-60. Tavşancıl, E. (2010). Tutumların Ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile Veri Analizi. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım. Temel, A. (2006). Organizasyonlarda İşkolizm ve İşkolik Çalışanlar. “İş, Güç” Endüstri İlişkileri ve İnsan Kaynakları Dergisi, 8(2), 104-126. Topolnicki, D. (1989). Workaholics: Are You One? Psychology Today, July/August, 25. Tranca, L.M. ve Runcan, P.L. (2013). Communication and Conflict in Workaholic Families. Social Work Review, 2, 113-123. Ugboro, I. ve Obeng, K. (2000). Top Management Leadership, Employee Empowerment, Job Satisfaction, and Customer Satisfaction in Total Quality Management Organizations: An Empirical Study. Journal of Quality Management, 5(2), 247-272. Umesh, U. (2013). An Empirical Study 0n Depression among Workaholic and Non- Workaholic Feminine Gender with Special Reference to Kochi City – The Commercial Hub of Kerala State Indian. Journal of Commerce and Management Studies, 4(1), 13-16. Vandenberg, R.J. ve Lance, C.E. (1992). Examining the Causal Order of Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment. Journal of Management, 18(1), 153-167. Wilson-Schaef, A. ve Fassel, D. (1988). The Addictive Organization. New York: Harper & Row. Yavuz, D. (2009). Örgütsel Bağlılık ve Üretkenlik Karşıtı Davranışlar. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(15), 115-132. Zhdanova, L., Allison, L.K., Pui, S.Y. ve Clark, M.A., A Meta-Analysis of Workaholism Antecedents and Outcomes. SIOP Conference, 2006, Dallas, TX. Zincirkiran, M. (2013). İşkoliklik ile İş-Aile Çatışması İlişkisinin Yapisal Eşitlik Modeli ile İncelenmesi: Sağlık İşletmelerinde Bir Uygulama, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Dicle Üniversitesi. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü İşletme Anabilim Dalı, Dicle.