OKUL ÖNCESİ ÇOCUKLARDA EBEVEYN BESLEME TARZININ ÇOCUKLARIN YEME DAVRANIŞLARI, ANTROPOMETRİK ÖLÇÜMLERİ VE BEDEN ALGILARI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Year 2025, Volume: 26 Issue: 4, 332 - 340, 13.10.2025

Betül Oruçoğlu , Kübra Aktu Konak , Özlem Tezel , Zeynep Uzdil

https://doi.org/10.18229/kocatepetip.1544442

Abstract

AMAÇ: Ebeveynler beslenme tarzları ile çocukların yeme davranışlarını etkileyebilmektir. Bu çalışma, okul öncesi çocuklarda ebeveyn besleme tarzının çocukların yeme davranışları, antropometrik ölçümleri ve beden algıları ile ilişkisini incelemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel nitelikteki bu araştırmanın örneklemini bir devlet anaokulunda öğrenim gören 3-6 yaş arası 175 çocuk ve ailesi oluşturmuştur. Ebeveynlerin besleme süreçlerindeki tutumlarının değerlendirilmesinde Ebeveyn Besleme Tarzı Anketi, çocukların yeme davranışlarının değerlendirilmesinde Çocuklarda Yeme Davranışı Anketi, çocukların beden algılarının değerlendirilmesinde ise silüet testi örneği kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS Windows 21.0 istatistik paket programı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
BULGULAR: Ebeveynlerin duygusal ve yardımcı besleme tutumları arttıkça çocukların gıda heveslisi, duygusal aşırı yeme, içme tutkusu, tokluk heveslisi, yavaş yeme ve duygusal az yeme davranışı artmakta, gıdadan keyif alma davranışı ise azalmaktadır (p<0.05). Ebeveynlerin sıkı kontrollü besleme davranışları arttıkça çocuklarda yemek seçiciliği artmaktadır (p<0.05). Ebeveynlerin toleranslı besleme tutumları arttıkça çocuğun gıdadan keyif alma durumu artmakta, tokluk heveslisi yeme davranışı azalmaktadır (p<0.05). Çocukların bel çevresi, kalça çevresi ve üst orta kol çevresi ölçümleri arttıkça ebeveynlerin duygusal ve cesaretlendirici besleme tutumları azalmaktadır (p<0.05). Çocuklarının zayıf olduğunu düşünen ebeveynler duygusal ve cesaretlendirici besleme eğilimindedirler (p<0.05). Ancak çocukların olmak istedikleri beden algısı ile ebeveynlerin beslenme tarzı alt puanları arasında ilişki saptanmamıştır (p>0.05).
SONUÇ: Ebeveynlerin besleme davranışlarının okul öncesi çocukların yeme tutumu, antropometrik ölçümleri ve beden algıları ile ilişkili olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Çocukların yeme tutumu, büyüme ve gelişmeleri ve beden algıları ile ilgili araştırmalar yapılırken ebeveynlerin beslenme konusundaki farkındalıklarının gözden geçirilecek şekilde tasarlanması faydalı olacaktır.

Keywords

Beden algısı , Beden imajı , Beslenme Davranışı , Ebeveynler , Okul öncesi

THE IMPACT OF PARENTAL FEEDING STYLES ON PRESCHOOL CHILDREN'S EATING BEHAVIORS, ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS, AND BODY PERCEPTIONS

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Parents may influence young children's eating behaviors through the foods they offer and their feeding practices. This study aims to investigate the relationship between parental feeding styles and preschool children's eating behaviors, anthropometric measurements, and body perceptions.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 175 children aged 3-6 years and their families from a public kindergarten preschool who agreed to participate. To assess parental attitudes toward feeding practices, the Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire was used. Children's eating behaviors were evaluated using the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire, and their body perceptions were assessed using a silhouette test. Data were analyzed using SPSS Windows 21.0 statistical software.
RESULTS: As parental emotional and instrumental feeding attitudes increased, children exhibited higher levels of food craving, emotional overeating, drinking enthusiasm, satiety craving, slow eating, and emotional undereating behaviors, while enjoyment of food decreased (p<0.05). Increased parental tightly controlled feeding behaviors were associated with greater picky eating in children (p<0.05). Higher parental tolerant controlled feeding practices was linked to increased enjoyment of food and decreased satiety craving behaviors in children (p<0.05). As children's waist circumference, hip circumference, and upper middle arm circumference measurements increased, parental emotional and encouragement feeding attitudes decreased (p<0.05). Families who perceived their children as underweight tended to have emotional and encouraging feeding tendencies (p<0.05). However, no relationship was found between children's desired body perception and parental feeding style subscales (p>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: It was observed that parental feeding behaviors are associated with preschool children's eating attitudes, anthropometric measurements, and body perceptions. When researching children's eating attitudes, growth and development, and body perceptions, it would be beneficial to design studies that review parental awareness of nutrition.

Keywords

Size Perception , Body Image , Feeding Behavior , Parents , Preschool.

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