Research Article

Etiology of Anemia among Syrian Refugee Children Aged Between 6 Months and 18 Years

Volume: 17 Number: 2 July 15, 2022
EN TR

Etiology of Anemia among Syrian Refugee Children Aged Between 6 Months and 18 Years

Abstract

Objective: This study was planned to investigate the prevalence and etiology of anemia in Syrian refugee children. Material and Methods: This retrospective study included all 266 Syrian refugee children aged 6 months to 18 years without any chronic disease who applied to the Pediatric Hematology and Oncology outpatient clinic of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University (KSU) between January 2015 and September 2018. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to their age: 6 months-59 months, 5-11 years, 12-14 years, and 15-18 years. Age-specific cut-off values of hemoglobin concentrations determined by the World Health Organization to define and classify anemia in these age groups were used. Results: Anemia was detected in 111 (41.7%) of 266 (89 female, 177 male) Syrian refugee children included in the study. Anemia was detected 80 (54.4%) of children in the 6 months-59 months age group, 22 (29.3%) of children in the 5-11 age group, 6 (24.0%) of children in the 12-14 age group, and 3 (15.8%) of the children in the 15-18 age group (p <0.001). The prevalence of anemia was 48.0% (n=85) among male children compared to 29.2% (n=26) among females (p=0.003). 14.4% (n=16) of the children had mild anemia, 55.9% (n=62) had moderate and 29.7% (n=33) had severe anemia (p<0.001). 64.9% of children with anemia had iron deficiency anemia (IDA), 16.2% had thalassemia minor, 8.1% had vitamin B12 deficiency, 7.2% had Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, 1.8% had hereditary spherocytosis, 0.9% had thalassemia major and 0.9% had autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The most common type of anemia was IDA (64.9%, n =72; p<0.001). 73.6% (n=53) of the children with IDA were in the 6-59 months group (p<0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study reveal that the prevalence of anemia, especially iron deficiency anemia, is high in Syrian refugee children and it has been concluded that screening of anemia and iron supplementation should be done in these children.

Keywords

Anemia , Iron deficiency anemia , Syrian refugee children

References

  1. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Interior Directorate General of Migration Management. Yıllara göre geçici koruma kapsamındaki Suriyeliler. (Erişim tarihi: 15 Mayıs 2019) (www.goc.gov. tr/icerik3/gecici-koruma_363_378_4713).
  2. Agency of the Turkish Government. Disaster and Emergency Management. (Erişim tarihi: 15 Mayıs 2019) (www. afad.gov. tr.).
  3. Syria Regional Refugee Response. Inter-Agency Information Sharing Portal. (Erişim tarihi: 15 Mayıs 2019) (https://data2. unhcr.org/en/situations/syria/location/113).
  4. World Health Organization. Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993-2005: WHO global database on anaemia. 2008, Geneva, Switzerland.
  5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidelines for evaluation of the nutritional status and growth in refugee children during the domestic medical screening examination 2012. (Erişim tarihi: 26 Şubat 2021) (http://www.cdc.gov/immigrantrefugeehealth/ guidelines/domestic/nutrition-growth.html.).
  6. Domellöf M, Braegger C, Campoy C, Colomb V, Decsi T, Fewtrell M et al. ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition. Iron requirements of infants and toddlers. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014;58(1):119-129.
  7. World Health Organization. Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity. Vitam Miner Nutr Inf Syst 2011. (Erişim tarihi: 4 Şubat 2021) (http:// www.who.int/vmnis/indicators/haemoglobin.pdf).
  8. Bucak IH, Almis H, Benli S, Turgut M. An overview of the health status of Syrian refugee children in a tertiary hospital in Turkey. Avicenna J Med. 2017;7(3):110-114.
  9. Hossain SMM, Leidman E, Kingori J, Harun AA, Bilukha OO. Nutritional situation among Syrian refugees hosted in Iraq, Jordan, and Lebanon: cross sectional surveys. Confl Health 2016;10:26.
  10. United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF). 2013 Joint Nutrition Assessment Syrian Refugees in Lebanon. Beirut, Lebanon: UNICEF; 2014. (Erişim tarihi: 26 Şubat 2021) (https:// reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Final_Nurition- Report_Feb2014.pdf).
AMA
1.Seringeç Akkeçeci N, Acıpayam C, Duyuran Ö. 6 Ay-18 Yaş Suriyeli Mülteci Çocuklarda Anemi Etiyolojisi. KSU Medical Journal. 2022;17(2):53-58. doi:10.17517/ksutfd.902985