Investigation the Transitions to Solid Food in Children Under 24 Months: A Study Among Physician Mothers

Year 2023, Volume: 18 Issue: 1, 131 - 139, 16.03.2023

Erhan Kaya Burak Kurt Hüseyin Üçer Ayşe Gül Çoban Köçe Ayşegül Erdoğan

https://doi.org/10.17517/ksutfd.1108788

Abstract

Objective: In our study, we aimed to evaluate the behavior and practices of the children of the physician group, who is a role model in the society, during the transition to complementary food.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was applied to mothers with 0-24 month old children (n=417) in Facebook physician groups between May and August 2020. Exclusive breastfeeding status of the mothers for six months and their behaviors during the complementary food transition period were considered as dependent variables. Descriptive analysis and Chi-square test were used.
Results: In our study, the mean age of physician mothers was 33.57±3.74. The number of physicians who exclusively breastfed in the first six months was 204 (53.3%), and the number of physicians who started complementary food in the first 6 months was 124 (31.6%). The mean time to start solid food was 5.74±0.59 months. In our study, 45.8% of physician mothers stated that they gave yogurt to their babies first, and 73.8% stated that their babies easily ate complementary foods when they were first given. While the baby’s favorite foods were yogurt (29.0%) and fruit (28.1%), the foods that the baby refused to eat the most were vegetables with 58.2%. The rate of mothers exclusively breastfed for the first six months was found to be statistically significantly higher in mothers whose first food given to the baby was breast milk (p=0.004).
Conclusion: More than half of the participating doctor mothers gave only breast, and approximately one-third of their babies started solid food for the first six months. We think that the experiences of physicians who guide the society in the transition to solid food, regarding breastfeeding and initiation of solid foods, are important.

Keywords

physician, mother, exclusively breastfeeding, solid food

Yirmi dört Aydan Küçük Çocukların Ek Gıdaya Geçişlerinin İncelenmesi: Doktor Annelerde Yapılan Bir Çalışma

Abstract

Amaç: Çalışmamızda ek gıdaya geçiş konusunda toplumda rol model olan doktor grubun çocuklarına ek gıdaya geçiş sırasındaki davranış ve uygulamalarını değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel çalışma Mayıs-Ağustos 2020 tarihleri arasında Facebook doktor gruplarında 0-24 aylık çocuğu olan annelere (n=417) uygulanmıştır. Annelerin altı ay sadece anne sütü verme durumu ve ek gıda geçiş sürecindeki davranışları bağımlı değişkenler olarak ele alınmıştır. Tanımlayıcı analiz ve Ki Kare testi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmamızda doktor annelerin yaş ortalaması 33.57±3.74’dir. İlk altı ay sadece anne sütü veren hekim sayısı 204 (%53.3), ilk 6 ay içinde ek gıda başlayan hekim sayısı ise 124 (%31.6)’dır. Ortalama ek gıdaya başlama zamanı 5.74±0.59 aydır. Çalışmamızda doktor annelerin %45.8’i ilk olarak bebeklerine yoğurt verdiğini, %73.8’i bebeklerinin ilk verildiğinde ek besinleri rahatlıkla yediğini belirtmiştir. Bebeğin en sevdiği gıdalar yoğurt (%29.0) ve meyve (%28.1) olurken bebeğin yemeyi en çok reddettiği gıdalar %58.2 ile sebze türleri olmuştur. Bebeğe verilen ilk besini anne sütü olan annelerde ilk altı ay sadece anne sütü veren anne oranı istatististiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek saptanmıştır (p=0.004).
Sonuç: Katılımcı doktor annelerin yarısından fazlası ilk altı ay sadece anne sütü vermiş, yaklaşık üçte biri ise bebeklerine ilk altı ay ek gıda vermiştir. Ek gıdaya geçiş sürecinde toplumda yönlendirici olan hekimlerin, anne sütü verme ve ek gıdaya başlama süreci ile ilgili kendi deneyimlerinin önemli olduğunu düşünüyoruz.

Keywords

doktor, anne, sadece anne sütü, ek gıda

References

• WHO. Ten facts on breastfeeding, World Health Statistics. http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/breastfeeding/en. (Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2020)
• Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Turkey Demographic and Health Survey. Ankara, Turkey: Turkish Ministry of Health. http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2018/ rapor/TNSA2018_ana_Rapor.pdf (ErişimTarihi: 12.10.2020)
• WHO. Global Breastfeeding Scorecard. Enabling Women to Breastfeed Through Better Policies and Programmes. https://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/infantfeeding/global- bf-scorecard-2018.pdf?ua=1 (ErişimTarihi: 12.10.2020)
• WHO. Indicators for assessing infant and young childfeeding practices I. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. 2008.
• Kuo AA, Inkelas M, Slusser WM, Maidenberg M, Halfon N. Introduction of solid food to young infants. Maternal and child health journal 2011;15(8):1185-1194.
• Clayton HB, Li R, Perrine CG, Scanlon KS. Prevalence and reasons for introducing infants early to solid foods: variations by milk feding type. Pediatrics 2013;131(4), 1108-1114.
• Chung M, Raman G, Chew P, Magula N, Trikalinos T, Lau J. Breastfeeding and maternal and infant health outcomes in developed countries. Evid Technol Asses (Full Rep) 2007;153(153):1- 186.
• Hauck FR, Thompson JM, Tanabe KO, Moon RY, Vennemann MM. Breastfeeding and reduced risk of sudden infant death syndrome: A meta-analysis. Pediatrics 2011;128(1):103-110.
• Kwavnick BS, Reid DJ, Joffres MR, Guernsey JR. Infant feding practices in Ottawa-Carleton: the introduction of solid foods. Canadian journal of public health 1999;90(6):403-407.
• Walsh A, Kearney L, Dennis N. Factors influencing first-time mothers’ introduction of complementary foods: A qualitativee xploration. BMC public health 2015;15(1):1-11.
• Tunçel EK, Dündar C, Pekşen Y. Ebelerin anne sütü ile ilgili bilgi ve uygulamalarının değerlendirilmesi. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi 2005;6(1):43-48.
• Çifçili SY, Akgün TY, Akman M, Ünalan PC, Uzuner A, Kalaca S. Risk factors for early weaning among babies followed-up in a baby-friendly primary care unit in İstanbul. Nobel medicus 2011;21(7):3.
• Yüzügüllü DA, Aytaç N, Akbaba M. Investigation of the factors affecting mother’s exclusive breastfeeding for six months. Turkish Archives of Pediatrics/Türk Pediatri Arşivi 2018;53(2):96
• Alzaheb RA. A review of the factors associated with the timely initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding in the Middle East. Clinical medicine insights: pediatrics. 2017;11, 1179556517748912.
• Şahin BB, Özyurt BC. Manisa’da yarı-kentsel bir bölgede 0-24 ay çocuklarda anne sütü alma durumu ve beslenme alışkanlıkları. Turkish Journal of Public Health. 2017;15(3):164.
• Yıldız A, Baran E, Akdur R, Ocaktan E, Kanyılmaz O. Bir sağlık ocağı bölgesinde 0-11 aylık bebekleri olan annelerin emzirme durumları ve etkileyen faktörler. Ankara U niversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 2008;61(2).
• Begley A, Ringrose K, Giglia R, Scott J. Mothers’ Understanding of ınfant feeding guidelines and their associated practices: A qualitative analysis. International journal of environmental research and public health 2019;16(7):1141.
• Magalhães TC, Vieira SA, Priore SE, Ribeiro AQ, Lamounier JA, Franceschini SC et al. Exclusive breastfeeding and other foods in the first six months of life: effects on nutritional status and body composition of Brazilian children. The Scientific World Journal. 2012;2012:468581.
• Karmaus W, Soto-Ramírez N, Zhang H. Infant feding pattern in the first six months of age in USA: a follow-upstudy. International breastfeeding journal. 2017;12(1):48.
• Sattari M, Serwint JR, Neal D, Chen S, Levine DM. Work-place predictors of duration of breastfeeding among female physicians. The Journal of Pediatrics 2013;163(6):1612-1617.
• Sattari M, Serwint JR, Shuster JJ, Levine DM. Infant-feeding intentions and practices of internal medicine physicians. Breastfeeding Medicine 2016;11(4):173-179.
• Balcı E, Kondolot M, Horoz D, Elmalı F, Çiçek B, Demirtaş T. Anne sütü ile beslenme süresini etkileyen etmenler: Türkiye’de Kayseri ilinden kesitsel bir araştırma. Turkish Pediatrics Archive/ Turk Pediatri Arsivi 2012;47(3).
• Kiani SN, Rich KM, Herkert D, Safon C, Pérez‐Escamilla R. Delivery mode and breastfeeding outcomes among new mothers in Nicaragua. Maternal&child nutrition 2018;14(1):e12474.
• Tarrant M, Fong DY, Wu KM, Lee IL, Wong EM, Sham et al. Breastfeeding and weaning practices among Hong Kong mothers: a prospective study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2010;10(1):27.
• Duke PS, Parsons WL, Snow PA, Edwards AC. Physicians as mothers: Breastfeeding practices of physician-mothers in Newfoundland and Labrador. Canadian Family Physician 2007;53(5):887-891.
• Brown CR, Dodds L, Legge A, Bryanton J, Semenic S. Factors influencing the reasons why mothers stop breastfeeding. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2014;105(3):179-185.
• Özçelik AÖ, Çakıroğlu FP, Sürücüoğlu MS. Çocukların anne sütü ile beslenme süresi ve ek besinlere başlama durumları. Gıda 1997;22(2).
• Dratva J, Merten S, Ackermann‐Liebrich U. The timing of complementary feeding of infants in Switzerland: compliance with the Swiss and the WHO guidelines. Actapaediatrica 2006;95(7):818-825.
• Motee A, Ramasawmy D, Pugo-Gunsam P, Jeewon R. An assessment of the breastfeeding practices and infantfeeding pattern among mothers in Mauritius. Journal of nutrition and metabolism 2013;2013:243852.
• Beck AL, Hoeft KS, Takayama JI, Barker JC. Beliefs and practices regarding solid food introduction among Latino parents in Northern California. Appetite 2018;120:381-387.
• Sicherer SH, Sampson HA. Food allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010;125:116-25
• Tarini BA, Carroll AE, Sox CM, Christakis DA.Systematic review of the relationship between early introduction of solid foods to infants and the development of allergic disease. Archives of Pediatrics&Adolescent medicine 2006;160(5):502-507.