Aile Hekimliği Polikliniğine Başvuran Yaşlı Hastalarda Anemi Sıklığı Ve Eşlik Eden Hastalıkların Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmamızdaki amacımız, giderek yaşlanan nüfusumuzda birçok olumsuzlukların kaynağı olan ve yaşam kalitesini doğrudan etkileyen anemi ve ilişkili olduğu durumların değerlendirilmesi ile güncel yaklaşımların gözden geçirilmesidir. Gereç ve yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemini Ordu Üniversitesi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Aile Hekimliği polikliniğine Mayıs 2018 - Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında başvuran 18 yaş üzeri hastalar oluşturmuştur. Anemi tanımı, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) kriterlerine göre hemoglobin değerinin erkeklerde 13 g/dl, kadınlarda 12 g/dl altında olması ile değerlendirildi. Ortalama eritrosit hacmine (MCV) göre; mikrositer (MCV<80), normositer (MCV 80-100) ve makrositer (MCV>100) olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Bulgular: 65 yaş ve üzeri 401 katılımcı ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiştir. 401 yaşlı katılımcının 237’sinde (%59.1) anemi tespit edilmiştir. Yaşlı anemik hastaların % 42.6 ‘sı kadınlar, % 16.4’ü erkeklerden oluşmaktadır. Yaşlı hastalarda mikrositer anemi % 8.8, normositer anemi % 87.8, makrositer anemi % 3.4 bulunmuştur. Yaşlı hastaların %32.9’unda kronik hastalık anemisi, %2 demir eksikliği anemisi, % 40.5 kronik böbrek hastalığı anemisi vardır. Sonuç: Yaptığımız çalışma ayaktan polikliniğe başvuran yaşlı hastalarda aneminin tahmin edilenden daha sık ve daha büyük bir sorun olduğunu göstermektedir. Altta yatan nedeni tespit edip tedavi yapıldığında yaşlıların yaşam kalitesinde ve yaşam sürelerinde dramatik düzelmeler sağlanabilir.

Keywords

• anemi
• yaşlılık
• kronik hastalıklar
• aile hekimliği

Evaluation of Anemia Prevalence and Concomitant Diseases in Elderly Patients Applying to Family Medicine Polyclinic

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to review current approaches by evaluating anemia, which is the source of many negativities in increasingly aging population and directly affecting the quality of life, and the conditions associated with it. Methods: The population of the study consisted of patients over 18 years old who applied to Family Medicine polyclinic in Ordu University Training and Research Hospital between May 2018 and May 2019. According to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, a hemoglobin value below 13 g / dL in men and 12 g / dL in women is defined as anemia. The patients were divided into three groups according to their mean erythrocyte volume (MCV) as microcyte (MCV <80), normocyte (MCV 80-100) and macrocyte (MCV>100). Results: Four hundred one participants aged 65 and over were analyzed in detail. Anemia was detected in 237 (59.1%) of 401 elderly participants. Of the elderly anemic patients, 42.6% were women and 16.4% were men. Of the elderly patients, 8.8% had microcytic anemia, 87.8% had normocytic anemia, and 3.4% had macrocytic anemia. Of the elderly patients, 32.9% had chronic disease anemia, 2% had iron deficiency anemia, and 40.5% had chronic kidney disease anemia. Conclusions: The study conducted shows that anemia is a more frequent and greater problem than predicted in elderly patients admitted to an outpatient clinic. When the underlying cause is identified and treated, dramatic improvements can be achieved in the quality of life and life span of the elderly.

Keywords

• anemia
• geriatrics
• chronic diseases
• family medicine

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