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SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) Varyantının Virolojik, Epidemiyolojik Özellikleri ve Korunma: Derleme

Year 2022, , 162 - 171, 03.10.2022

Gülsüm Kaya , Mustafa Altındiş

https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1060956

Abstract

Şiddetli akut solunum sendromu koronavirüs 2 (SARS-CoV-2) varyantı Omicron'un (B.1.1.529) ortaya çıkması, yüksek bulaşma hızı ve mutasyon sayısı nedeniyle dünya çapında ciddi bir endişe nedeni olmuştur. Kasım 2021'de Güney Afrika ve Botsvana'daki genomik incelemeler esnasında, Güney Afrika'nın Gauteng Eyaletinde enfeksiyonların hızla yeniden artmasıyla ilişkili yeni bir SARS-CoV-2 varyantı saptanmış, ilk genomun sekans yüklemeleri sonrasında Omicron, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından endişe oluşturan bir varyant olarak belirlenmiştir. Hemen akabinde üç hafta içinde 87 ülkede tanımlanmıştır. Omicron varyantı, spike glikoproteininde antikor nötralizasyonunu ve spike fonksiyonunu etkilediği tahmin edilen 30'dan fazla mutasyon taşıyan çok istisnai bir virüstür. Omicron son derece bulaşıcıdır ve önceki varyantlardan daha hızlı yayılır, ancak önceki varyantlardan daha az şiddetli semptomlara neden olabilir. Omicron varyantı bağışıklık sisteminden kaçabilir. COVID-19’a karşı geliştirilen aşı yanıtlarından da kaçabilir. Omicron varyantının baskılanması için aşılama da dahil olmak üzere hızlı ve dikkatli önleyici adımlar her zaman anahtar olacaktır. Bu derlemede, SARS-CoV-2'nin Omicron varyantının yüksek oranda mutasyona uğramış bölgelerini, temel bulaşıcılığı, aşı atılımını ve antikor direncini özetlenmektedir.

Keywords

SARS CoV-2 Omicron varyant epidemi aşı korunma

References

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Virological, Epidemiological Features and Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) Variant: A Review

Year 2022, , 162 - 171, 03.10.2022

Gülsüm Kaya , Mustafa Altındiş

https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1060956

Abstract

The emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant Omicron (B.1.1.529) has been a cause for serious concern worldwide due to its high rate of transmission and number of mutations. During genomic studies in South Africa and Botswana in November 2021, a new variant of SARS-CoV-2 was identified associated with a rapid resurgence of infections in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Omicron variant was identified as a type of concern by the World Health Organization after sequence uploads of the first genome. It was subsequently identified in 87 countries within three weeks. The Omicron variant is a very exceptional virus carrying more than 30 mutations in the spike glycoprotein that are predicted to affect antibody neutralization and spike function. Omicron is highly contagious and spreads faster than previous variants, but may cause less severe symptoms than previous variants. Omicron variant can evade the immune system. It can also evade the vaccine responses developed against COVID-19. Rapid and careful preventive steps, including vaccination, will always be a key for suppression of the Omicron variant.
This review summarizes the highly mutated regions, core infectiousness, vaccine elimination, and antibody resistance of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2.

Keywords

SARS CoV-2 Omicron variant epidemic vaccine prevention

References

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  • Volz E, Hill V, McCrone JT, et al. Evaluating the Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Mutation D614G on Transmissibility and Pathogenicity. Cell. 2021;184(1):64-75.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.020.
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  • Zuckerman NS, Fleishon S, Bucris E, et al. A Unique SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein P681H Variant Detected in Israel. Vaccines (Basel). 2022;9(6):616. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9060616.
  • Tian D, Sun Y, Xu H, et al. The emergence and epidemic characteristics of the highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. J Med Virol. 2022;94(6):2376-2383. doi: 10.1002/jmv.27643.
  • Ren SY, Wang WB, Gao RD, Zhou AM. Omicron variant (B. 1.1. 529) of SARS-CoV-2: Mutation, infectivity, transmission, and vaccine resistance. World J Clin Cases. 2022;10(1):1-11. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i1.1.
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  • Araf Y, Akter F, Tang YD, et al. Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2: Genomics, transmissibility, and responses to current COVID-19 vaccines. J Med Virol. 2022;94(5):1825-1832. doi: 10.1002/jmv.27588.
  • Meo SA, Meo AS, Al-Jassir FF, et al. Omicron SARS-CoV-2 new variant: global prevalence and biological and clinical characteristics. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021;25(24):8012-8018. doi:10.26355/eurrev_202112_27652.
  • Jia H, Wang H, Cao L, et al. Genetic analysis of a SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant from a Chinese traveler returning from overseas. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2022;5:1-9. doi:10.1080/22221751.2022.2025747.
  • Abdullah F, Myers J, Basu D, et al. Decreased severity of disease during the first global omicron variant covid-19 outbreak in a large hospital in tshwane, south africa. Int J Infect Dis. 2021;116:38–42. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.12.357.
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There are 55 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Review Article
Authors

Gülsüm Kaya 0000-0003-2810-0153

Mustafa Altındiş 0000-0003-0411-9669

Publication Date October 3, 2022
Submission Date January 20, 2022
Acceptance Date July 18, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

APA Kaya, G., & Altındiş, M. (2022). SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) Varyantının Virolojik, Epidemiyolojik Özellikleri ve Korunma: Derleme. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(3), 162-171. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1060956
AMA Kaya G, Altındiş M. SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) Varyantının Virolojik, Epidemiyolojik Özellikleri ve Korunma: Derleme. KOU Sag Bil Derg. October 2022;8(3):162-171. doi:10.30934/kusbed.1060956
Chicago Kaya, Gülsüm, and Mustafa Altındiş. “SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) Varyantının Virolojik, Epidemiyolojik Özellikleri Ve Korunma: Derleme”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 8, no. 3 (October 2022): 162-71. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1060956.
EndNote Kaya G, Altındiş M (October 1, 2022) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) Varyantının Virolojik, Epidemiyolojik Özellikleri ve Korunma: Derleme. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 8 3 162–171.
IEEE G. Kaya and M. Altındiş, “SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) Varyantının Virolojik, Epidemiyolojik Özellikleri ve Korunma: Derleme”, KOU Sag Bil Derg, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 162–171, 2022, doi: 10.30934/kusbed.1060956.
ISNAD Kaya, Gülsüm - Altındiş, Mustafa. “SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) Varyantının Virolojik, Epidemiyolojik Özellikleri Ve Korunma: Derleme”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 8/3 (October 2022), 162-171. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1060956.
JAMA Kaya G, Altındiş M. SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) Varyantının Virolojik, Epidemiyolojik Özellikleri ve Korunma: Derleme. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2022;8:162–171.
MLA Kaya, Gülsüm and Mustafa Altındiş. “SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) Varyantının Virolojik, Epidemiyolojik Özellikleri Ve Korunma: Derleme”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 8, no. 3, 2022, pp. 162-71, doi:10.30934/kusbed.1060956.
Vancouver Kaya G, Altındiş M. SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) Varyantının Virolojik, Epidemiyolojik Özellikleri ve Korunma: Derleme. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2022;8(3):162-71.