Research Article

COVID-19 Phobia Among Diabetic Individuals Living in Provinces with High COVID-19 Case Rates in Turkey

Volume: 11 Number: 3 September 30, 2025
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COVID-19 Phobia Among Diabetic Individuals Living in Provinces with High COVID-19 Case Rates in Turkey

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to assess the level of COVID-19 phobia, its influencing factors, and its effects on metabolic parameters among diabetic individuals living in provinces with the highest COVID-19 case rates in Türkiye. Methods: This descriptive and correlational study included 496 diabetic individuals residing in Istanbul, Izmir, Ankara, and Kocaeli. Data were collected using the Individual Identification Form and the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S). The data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: It was determined that 60.5% of the participants experienced an increase in blood glucose levels, 72.6% had a decline in exercise habits, and 57.7% had an increased need for insulin. COVID-19 phobia levels were found to be higher among individuals with Type 1 diabetes, those with higher education levels, and those with higher income levels. Conclusion: COVID-19 phobia has negatively affected blood glucose levels, daily insulin requirements, and healthy lifestyle habits among individuals with diabetes living in large cities. To mitigate these effects, telehealth services and psychosocial support mechanisms should be developed to reduce anxiety levels and strengthen disease management.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

There is no financial disclosure to declare in this study.

Ethical Statement

Prior to the study, ethical approval was obtained from the Clinical Ethics Committee (Approval No:2020/04, Approval Date:18.06.2020) and the Ministry of Health. Written permission was also obtained from the original developers of the C19P-S for its use in this study. Participants who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study were provided with a written explanation regarding the study’s purpose and the confidentiality of the collected data.

Thanks

We want to thank all participants who participated in the study.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

​Internal Diseases

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

September 30, 2025

Submission Date

June 26, 2025

Acceptance Date

August 11, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 11 Number: 3

APA
Yurtsever Çelik, S., Kır Biçer, E., Çelik, S., Yıldırım, N., Demirhan, Y., Erdoğan, G., Vatansever, Ö., & Olgun, N. (2025). COVID-19 Phobia Among Diabetic Individuals Living in Provinces with High COVID-19 Case Rates in Turkey. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(3), 151-159. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1727316
AMA
1.Yurtsever Çelik S, Kır Biçer E, Çelik S, et al. COVID-19 Phobia Among Diabetic Individuals Living in Provinces with High COVID-19 Case Rates in Turkey. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2025;11(3):151-159. doi:10.30934/kusbed.1727316
Chicago
Yurtsever Çelik, Sultan, Emine Kır Biçer, Selda Çelik, et al. 2025. “COVID-19 Phobia Among Diabetic Individuals Living in Provinces With High COVID-19 Case Rates in Turkey”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 11 (3): 151-59. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1727316.
EndNote
Yurtsever Çelik S, Kır Biçer E, Çelik S, Yıldırım N, Demirhan Y, Erdoğan G, Vatansever Ö, Olgun N (September 1, 2025) COVID-19 Phobia Among Diabetic Individuals Living in Provinces with High COVID-19 Case Rates in Turkey. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 11 3 151–159.
IEEE
[1]S. Yurtsever Çelik et al., “COVID-19 Phobia Among Diabetic Individuals Living in Provinces with High COVID-19 Case Rates in Turkey”, KOU Sag Bil Derg, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 151–159, Sept. 2025, doi: 10.30934/kusbed.1727316.
ISNAD
Yurtsever Çelik, Sultan - Kır Biçer, Emine - Çelik, Selda - Yıldırım, Nurdan - Demirhan, Yeliz - Erdoğan, Giray - Vatansever, Özgül - Olgun, Nermin. “COVID-19 Phobia Among Diabetic Individuals Living in Provinces With High COVID-19 Case Rates in Turkey”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 11/3 (September 1, 2025): 151-159. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1727316.
JAMA
1.Yurtsever Çelik S, Kır Biçer E, Çelik S, Yıldırım N, Demirhan Y, Erdoğan G, Vatansever Ö, Olgun N. COVID-19 Phobia Among Diabetic Individuals Living in Provinces with High COVID-19 Case Rates in Turkey. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2025;11:151–159.
MLA
Yurtsever Çelik, Sultan, et al. “COVID-19 Phobia Among Diabetic Individuals Living in Provinces With High COVID-19 Case Rates in Turkey”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 3, Sept. 2025, pp. 151-9, doi:10.30934/kusbed.1727316.
Vancouver
1.Sultan Yurtsever Çelik, Emine Kır Biçer, Selda Çelik, Nurdan Yıldırım, Yeliz Demirhan, Giray Erdoğan, Özgül Vatansever, Nermin Olgun. COVID-19 Phobia Among Diabetic Individuals Living in Provinces with High COVID-19 Case Rates in Turkey. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2025 Sep. 1;11(3):151-9. doi:10.30934/kusbed.1727316