Research Article

PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS’ PERCEPTIONS OF OLDER ADULTS: A METAPHOR ANALYSIS

Volume: 12 Number: 2 May 31, 2026
TR EN

PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS’ PERCEPTIONS OF OLDER ADULTS: A METAPHOR ANALYSIS

Abstract

Objective: Perceptions of older adults among health professionals may influence the quality of health care and interactions within health services. Understanding how older adults are conceptualized by primary health care professionals is therefore important for developing age-friendly health practices. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of primary health care professionals regarding older adults through metaphor analysis. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with 38 primary health care professionals working in Family Health Centers in a province located in the eastern region of Türkiye. Participants were asked to complete the statement “An older adult is like … because …”. The metaphors produced by participants were analyzed using content analysis and grouped into categories according to their conceptual similarities. Results: Participants generated 38 metaphors, which were grouped under three main categories: Care Dependency and Frailty (f=17), Wisdom and Social Value (f=15), and Strength and Reassurance (f=6). Among the metaphors identified, “child” (f=9) and “plane tree” (f=6) were the most frequently expressed. The findings revealed that primary health care professionals conceptualized older adults through multidimensional and sometimes contrasting perspectives. While frailty-centered metaphors reflected perceptions of dependency, vulnerability, and care needs, other methapors emphasized older adults’ experience, wisdom, and emotionally reassuring roles within families and society. Conclusion: The findings indicate that perceptions of older adults among primary health care professionals are multidimensional and shaped by both vulnerability-oriented and value-oriented perspectives. Recognizing these perceptions may help support more respectful, person-centered, and age-friendly approaches in primary health care practice. Educational, institutional, and policy initiatives promoting age-sensitive, respectful, and autonomy-supportive approaches in primary health care may be recommended.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

No supporting institution.

Ethical Statement

Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Approval Date: 17/06/2025, Decision No: 2025/07-25). Institutional permission was obtained from the FHCs where the data was collected (Approval Date: 20.01.2026, Decision No: E-50817530-771-301814263). Participants were informed verbally and in writing about the purpose, scope, and voluntary nature of the study, and written informed consent was obtained. All data were handled in accordance with confidentiality and anonymity principles, and the research procedures were conducted in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

Thanks

The authors would like to thank all primary health care professionals who participated in this study for their valuable contributions.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Primary Health Care

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

May 31, 2026

Submission Date

March 27, 2026

Acceptance Date

May 29, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 12 Number: 2

APA
Kaynar Demirel, N. S., & Altıner Yaş, M. (2026). PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS’ PERCEPTIONS OF OLDER ADULTS: A METAPHOR ANALYSIS. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(2), 141-147. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1917365
AMA
1.Kaynar Demirel NS, Altıner Yaş M. PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS’ PERCEPTIONS OF OLDER ADULTS: A METAPHOR ANALYSIS. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2026;12(2):141-147. doi:10.30934/kusbed.1917365
Chicago
Kaynar Demirel, Nur Sema, and Merve Altıner Yaş. 2026. “PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS’ PERCEPTIONS OF OLDER ADULTS: A METAPHOR ANALYSIS”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12 (2): 141-47. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1917365.
EndNote
Kaynar Demirel NS, Altıner Yaş M (May 1, 2026) PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS’ PERCEPTIONS OF OLDER ADULTS: A METAPHOR ANALYSIS. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12 2 141–147.
IEEE
[1]N. S. Kaynar Demirel and M. Altıner Yaş, “PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS’ PERCEPTIONS OF OLDER ADULTS: A METAPHOR ANALYSIS”, KOU Sag Bil Derg, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 141–147, May 2026, doi: 10.30934/kusbed.1917365.
ISNAD
Kaynar Demirel, Nur Sema - Altıner Yaş, Merve. “PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS’ PERCEPTIONS OF OLDER ADULTS: A METAPHOR ANALYSIS”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12/2 (May 1, 2026): 141-147. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1917365.
JAMA
1.Kaynar Demirel NS, Altıner Yaş M. PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS’ PERCEPTIONS OF OLDER ADULTS: A METAPHOR ANALYSIS. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2026;12:141–147.
MLA
Kaynar Demirel, Nur Sema, and Merve Altıner Yaş. “PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS’ PERCEPTIONS OF OLDER ADULTS: A METAPHOR ANALYSIS”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 2, May 2026, pp. 141-7, doi:10.30934/kusbed.1917365.
Vancouver
1.Nur Sema Kaynar Demirel, Merve Altıner Yaş. PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS’ PERCEPTIONS OF OLDER ADULTS: A METAPHOR ANALYSIS. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2026 May 1;12(2):141-7. doi:10.30934/kusbed.1917365