TR
EN
INCIDENCE AND PREDICTOR OF POSTOPERATIVE COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION FOLLOWING PITUITARY ADENOMECTOMY: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Abstract
Objective: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), particularly memory impairment, is a common complication following surgery and anesthesia. This study aimed to determine the incidence of POCD after pituitary adenoma excision surgery and to investigate the association between demographic characteristics and POCD.
Methods: Ninety-two ASA physical status II–III patients without neurological or psychiatric disorders scheduled for elective pituitary adenomectomy were enrolled after written informed consent was obtained from the patients or their legal representatives. Preoperative cognitive function was assessed using the Standardized Mini-Mental Test (SMMT) or the SMMT for Illiterate Individuals (SMMT-E). General anesthesia was induced with intravenous thiopental, remifentanil, and rocuronium and maintained with total intravenous anesthesia. Cognitive assessments were repeated at postoperative 1, 4, and 24 hours and 1 month. Statistical analyses included the Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskal–Wallis tests, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: POCD was detected in 35.6%, 28.7%, 17.8%, and 11.7% of patients at the postoperative 1st hour, 4th hour, 24th hour, and 1 month, respectively. Total SMMT scores decreased significantly during the early postoperative period and returned to baseline by 1 month. Attention/calculation, recall, and language subscores were significantly lower at the 1st and 4th postoperative hours. Male patients had higher preoperative and early postoperative cognitive scores, whereas POCD occurred more frequently in female patients.
Conclusion: POCD frequently occurs during the first 24 hours after pituitary adenoma excision surgery, with cognitive function largely recovering by the first postoperative month.
Keywords
Ethical Statement
This study was conducted as a prospective, randomized controlled trial after obtaining approval from the Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine Ethics Committee (GOKAEK 2017/153) and written informed consent from all participants.
References
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Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Anaesthesiology
Journal Section
Research Article
Publication Date
September 30, 2026
Submission Date
June 25, 2026
Acceptance Date
July 30, 2026
Published in Issue
Year 2026 Volume: 12 Number: 3
APA
Tor Kılıç, C., & Özdamar, D. (2026). INCIDENCE AND PREDICTOR OF POSTOPERATIVE COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION FOLLOWING PITUITARY ADENOMECTOMY: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(3), 311-315. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1979049
AMA
1.Tor Kılıç C, Özdamar D. INCIDENCE AND PREDICTOR OF POSTOPERATIVE COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION FOLLOWING PITUITARY ADENOMECTOMY: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2026;12(3):311-315. doi:10.30934/kusbed.1979049
Chicago
Tor Kılıç, Cennet, and Dilek Özdamar. 2026. “INCIDENCE AND PREDICTOR OF POSTOPERATIVE COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION FOLLOWING PITUITARY ADENOMECTOMY: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12 (3): 311-15. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1979049.
EndNote
Tor Kılıç C, Özdamar D (September 1, 2026) INCIDENCE AND PREDICTOR OF POSTOPERATIVE COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION FOLLOWING PITUITARY ADENOMECTOMY: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12 3 311–315.
IEEE
[1]C. Tor Kılıç and D. Özdamar, “INCIDENCE AND PREDICTOR OF POSTOPERATIVE COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION FOLLOWING PITUITARY ADENOMECTOMY: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY”, KOU Sag Bil Derg, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 311–315, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.30934/kusbed.1979049.
ISNAD
Tor Kılıç, Cennet - Özdamar, Dilek. “INCIDENCE AND PREDICTOR OF POSTOPERATIVE COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION FOLLOWING PITUITARY ADENOMECTOMY: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12/3 (September 1, 2026): 311-315. https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.1979049.
JAMA
1.Tor Kılıç C, Özdamar D. INCIDENCE AND PREDICTOR OF POSTOPERATIVE COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION FOLLOWING PITUITARY ADENOMECTOMY: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2026;12:311–315.
MLA
Tor Kılıç, Cennet, and Dilek Özdamar. “INCIDENCE AND PREDICTOR OF POSTOPERATIVE COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION FOLLOWING PITUITARY ADENOMECTOMY: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY”. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 3, Sept. 2026, pp. 311-5, doi:10.30934/kusbed.1979049.
Vancouver
1.Cennet Tor Kılıç, Dilek Özdamar. INCIDENCE AND PREDICTOR OF POSTOPERATIVE COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION FOLLOWING PITUITARY ADENOMECTOMY: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY. KOU Sag Bil Derg. 2026 Sep. 1;12(3):311-5. doi:10.30934/kusbed.1979049