Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus: Directional Relationship

Abstract

Periodontitis and diabetes mellitus (DM) are common chronic diseases in the society. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that can result in tooth loss due to destruction of the supporting tissues (periodontal ligament and bone) of the teeth resulting from impaired balance between bacterial plaque and host immune response. Diabetes mellitus is an impairment of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism, manifested by the absence of insulin hormone secretion / insufficiency or by various complications of insulin resistance. Periodontitis has recently become one of the classic complications of diabetes. Epidemiological data suggest that diabetes is a major risk factor for periodontitis and that diabetics are more likely to be periodontitis than non-diabetics. It is known that there is a mutual relationship between these two chronic diseases. Although the role of various cellular, immunological pathways and cytokines has been determined, the mechanism is still not fully understood.

Keywords

• Diabetes Mellitus,inflammation,periodontitis

PERİODONTİTİS VE DİABETES MELLİTUS: ÇİFT YÖNLÜ İLİŞKİ

Abstract

Periodontitis ve diabetes mellitus (DM) toplumda yaygın görülen kronik hastalıklardır. Periodontitis bakteriyel plak ve konak immün yanıtı arasındaki dengenin bozulmasından kaynaklanan dişlerin destek dokularının (periodontal ligament ve kemik) yıkımıyla karakterize diş kaybıyla sonuçlanabilen kronik inflamatuar bir durumdur. Diabetes mellitus insülin hormon sekresyonunun yokluğu / yetersizliği veya insülin direnci ile karakterize çeşitli komplikasyonlarla kendini gösteren karbonhidrat, yağ ve protein metabolizma bozukluğu hastalığıdır. Periodontitis son dönemlerde diyabetin klasik komplikasyonlarından biri halini almıştır. Epidemiyolojik veriler diyabetin periodontitis için majör risk faktörü olduğunu ve diyabetiklerin diyabetik olmayanlara göre periodontitise daha yatkın olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu iki kronik hastalık arasında karşılıklı ilişki olduğu bilinmektedir. Çeşitli hücresel, immünolojik yolların ve sitokinlerin rolü olduğu belirlenmiş olsa da mekanizma halen tam olarak anlaşılamamıştır. 

Keywords

• Diabetes Mellitus,Periodontitis,inflamasyon

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