Endocrine Disruptors: Effect of Bisphenol-A on Human Health

Year 2021, , 405 - 413, 31.08.2021

Fatih Eker Aşkın Güngüneş , Şenay Arıkan Durmaz , Üçler Kısa

https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.948627

Abstract

Endocrine disruptors are naturally occurring or man-made substances that at certain doses can mimic or interfere with the endocrine systems. Bisphenol-A is an endocrine disruptor due to its estrogenic properties and effects on the estrogen receptor. We are exposed to Bisphenol-A, which is especially used in the plastics industry, in our daily lives without even being aware of it. The effects of Bisphenol-A on human health have been on the agenda recently, and worrying negative effects have been discovered. As in many countries, even if there is a restriction on its use in our country, this is not considered possible in practice. In this review, it is aimed to draw attention to the negative effects of Bisphenol-A on human health such as endocrine system insulin resistance, obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, breast cancer, abortion and premature birth.

Keywords

Endocrine disruptors, bisphenol A, human health

ENDOKRİN BOZUCULAR: BİSFONEL-A’NIN SAĞLIK ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

Abstract

Endokrin bozucular, belirli dozlarda endokrin sistemlerini taklit edebilen veya bunlara müdahale edebilen, doğal olarak meydana gelen veya suni maddelerdir. Östrojenik özelliği ve östrojen reseptörü üzerinden etki etmesi nedeniyle, bir endokrin bozucu kimyasal olan özellikle plastik sanayinde kullanılan Bisfenol-A’ya günlük yaşantımızda farkında bile olmadan maruz kalmaktayız. Bisfenol-A’nın insan sağlığı üzerindeki etkileri son günlerde gündemde olup kaygı verici düzeyde olumsuz etkiler keşfedilmiştir. Birçok ülkede olduğu gibi ülkemizde de kullanımına sınırlama getirilse bile bu pratikte pek de mümkün görülmemektedir. Bu derlemede Bisfenol-A’nın özellikle endokrin sistem insülin direnci, obezite, polikistik over sendromu, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, meme kanseri, abortus ve erken doğum gibi insan sağlığı üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri üzerine dikkat çekmek amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

endokrin bozucular, Bisfenol A, insan sağlığı

Supporting Institution

kırıkkale Üniversitesi

References

• 1. Kuzukiran O, Yurdakok-Dikmen B, Sevin S, Sireli UT, Iplikcioglu-Cil G, Filazi A. Determination of selected endocrine disruptors in organic, free-range, and battery-produced hen eggs and risk assessment. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018;25(35):35376-86.
• 2. Kuiper GG, Lemmen JG, Carlsson B, Corton JC, Safe SH, van der Saag PT et al. Interaction of estrogenic chemicals and phytoestrogens with estrogen receptor beta. Endocrinology. 1998;139(10):4252-63.
• 3. Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Bourguignon JP, Giudice LC, Hauser R, Prins GS, Soto AM et al. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: an Endocrine Society scientific statement. Endocr Rev. 2009;30(4):293-342.
• 4. Maffini MV, Rubin BS, Sonnenschein C, Soto AM. Endocrine disruptors and reproductive health: the case of bisphenol-A. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2006;254-255:179-86.
• 5. Rouillon S, El Ouazzani H, Rabouan S, Migeot V, Albouy-Llaty M. Determinants of risk perception related to exposure to endocrine disruptors during pregnancy: A qualitative and quantitative study on French women. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(10):2231.
• 6. Le Magueresse-Battistoni B. Adipose tissue and endocrine-disrupting chemicals: Does sex matter? Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(24):9403.
• 7. Alonso-Magdalena P, Quesada I, Nadal A. Endocrine disruptors in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2011;7(6):346-53.
• 8. Dodds E, Lawson W. Synthetic strogenic agents without the phenanthrene nucleus. Nature. 1936;137:996.
• 9. Erler C, Novak J. Bisphenol a exposure: human risk and health policy. J Pediatr Nurs. 2010;25(5):400-7.
• 10. Gould JC, Leonard LS, Maness SC, Wagner BL, Conner K, Zacharewski T et al. Bisphenol A interacts with the estrogen receptor alpha in a distinct manner from estradiol. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1998;142(1-2):203-14.
• 11. Matsushima A, Teramoto T, Okada H, Liu X, Tokunaga T, Kakuta Y et al. ERR gamma tethers strongly bisphenol A and 4-alpha-cumylphenol in an induced-fit manner. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008;373(3):408-13.
• 12. Buka I, Osornio-Vargas A, Walker R. Canada declares bisphenol A a 'dangerous substance': Questioning the safety of plastics. Paediatr Child Health. 2009;14(1):11-3.
• 13. Sur Ü, Oral D, Erkekoğlu P, Gümüşel BK. Bisfenol türevleri daha güvenli mi? Bisfenol F ve Bisfenol S’in toksik etkileri. FABAD J Pharm Sci. 2017;42(3):225-37.
• 14. Vandenberg LN, Maffini MV, Sonnenschein C, Rubin BS, Soto AM. Bisphenol-A and the great divide: a review of controversies in the field of endocrine disruption. Endocr Rev. 2009;30(1):75-95.
• 15. Kang JH, Kondo F, Katayama Y. Human exposure to bisphenol A. Toxicology. 2006;226(2-3):79-89.
• 16. Matuszczak E, Komarowska MD, Debek W, Hermanowicz A. The impact of bisphenol A on fertility, reproductive system, and development: a review of the literature. Int J Endocrinol. 2019;4(10);2019:4068717.
• 17. Almeida S, Raposo A, Almeida-González M, Carrascosa C. Bisphenol A: food exposure and ımpact on human health. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2018;17(6):1503-17.
• 18. Jalal N, Surendranath AR, Pathak JL, Yu S, Chung CY. Bisphenol A (BPA) the mighty and the mutagenic. Toxicol Rep. 2017;(5):76-84.
• 19. Rubin BS. Bisphenol A: an endocrine disruptor with widespread exposure and multiple effects. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2011;127(1-2):27-34.
• 20. Basheer C, Lee HK, Tan KS. Endocrine disrupting alkylphenols and bisphenol-A in coastal waters and supermarket seafood from Singapore. Mar Pollut Bull. 2004;48(11-12):1161-7.
• 21. Vandenberg LN, Chahoud I, Heindel JJ, Padmanabhan V, Paumgartten FJ, Schoenfelder G. Urinary, circulating, and tissue biomonitoring studies indicate widespread exposure to bisphenol A. Environ Health Perspect. 2010;118(8):1055-70.
• 22. Vom Saal FS, Nagel SC, Timms BG, Welshons WV. Implications for human health of the extensive bisphenol A literature showing adverse effects at low doses: a response to attempts to mislead the public. Toxicology. 2005;212(2-3):244-52.
• 23. Arakawa C, Fujimaki K, Yoshinaga J, Imai H, Serizawa S, Shiraishi H. Daily urinary excretion of bisphenol A. Environ Health Prev Med. 2004;9(1):22-6.
• 24. Kang JH, Kito K, Kondo F. Factors influencing the migration of bisphenol A from cans. J Food Prot. 2003;66(8):1444-7.
• 25. Hoekstra EJ, Simoneau C. Release of bisphenol A from polycarbonate: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2013;53(4):386-402.
• 26. Staples CA, Dorn PB, Klecka GM, O'Block ST, Harris LR. A review of the environmental fate, effects, and exposures of bisphenol A. Chemosphere. 1998;36(10):2149-73.
• 27. Le HH, Carlson EM, Chua JP, Belcher SM. Bisphenol A is released from polycarbonate drinking bottles and mimics the neurotoxic actions of estrogen in developing cerebellar neurons. Toxicol Lett. 2008;176(2):149-56.
• 28. Geens T, Aerts D, Berthot C, Bourguignon JP, Goeyens L, Lecomte P et al. A review of dietary and non-dietary exposure to bisphenol-A. Food Chem Toxicol. 2012;50(10):3725-40.
• 29. Healy BF, English KR, Jagals P, Sly PD. Bisphenol A exposure pathways in early childhood: Reviewing the need for improved risk assessment models. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2015;25(6):544-56.
• 30. Körner W, Bolz U, Süssmuth W, Hiller G, Schuller W, Hanf V, Hagenmaier H. Input/output balance of estrogenic active compounds in a major municipal sewage plant in Germany. Chemosphere. 2000;40(9-11):1131-42.
• 31. Lau OW, Wong SK. Contamination in food from packaging material. J Chromatogr A. 2000;882(1-2):255-70.
• 32. Üçüncü M. Gıdaların Ambalajlanması. Bornova, İzmir. Ege Üniversitesi Yayınları, Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, 2000.
• 33. Estévez-Alberola MC, Marco MP. Immunochemical determination of xenobiotics with endocrine disrupting effects. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2004;378(3):563-75.
• 34. Goodson A, Summerfield W, Cooper I. Survey of bisphenol A and bisphenol F in canned foods. Food Addit Contam. 2002;19(8):796-802.
• 35. Geens T, Goeyens L, Covaci A. Are potential sources for human exposure to bisphenol-A overlooked? Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2011;214(5):339-47.
• 36. Munguia-Lopez EM, Soto-Valdez H. Effect of heat processing and storage time on migration of bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol A-diglycidyl ether (BADGE) to aqueous food simulant from Mexican can coatings. J Agric Food Chem. 2001;49(8):3666-71.
• 37. Takao Y, Lee HC, Kohra S, Arizono K. Release of bisphenol A from food can lining upon heating. J Health Sci. 2002;48(4):331-4.
• 38. Inoue H, Tsuruta A, Kudo S, Ishii T, Fukushima Y, Iwano H et al. Bisphenol a glucuronidation and excretion in liver of pregnant and nonpregnant female rats. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005;33(1):55-9.
• 39. Maragou NC, Lampi EN, Thomaidis NS, Koupparis MA. Determination of bisphenol A in milk by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2006;1129(2):165-73.
• 40. Cao XL, Dufresne G, Belisle S, Clement G, Falicki M, Beraldin F et al. Levels of bisphenol A in canned liquid infant formula products in Canada and dietary intake estimates. J Agric Food Chem. 2008;56(17):7919-24.
• 41. Shao B, Han H, Li D, Ma Y, Xiaoming T, Yonging W. Analysis of alkylphenol and bisphenol A in meat by accelerated solvent extraction and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chemistry. 2007;105(3):1236-41.
• 42. Cao XL, Corriveau J, Popovic S. Levels of bisphenol A in canned soft drink products in Canadian markets. J Agric Food Chem. 2009;57(4):1307-11.
• 43. Er B, Sarımehmetoğlu B. Gıdalarda Bisfenol-A varlığının değerlendirilmesi. Vet Hekim Der Derg. 2011;82(1):69-74.
• 44. Braun JM, Hauser R. Bisphenol A and children's health. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2011;23(2):233-9.
• 45. Völkel W, Colnot T, Csanády GA, Filser JG, Dekant W. Metabolism and kinetics of bisphenol a in humans at low doses following oral administration. Chem Res Toxicol. 2002;15(10):1281-7.
• 46. Willhite CC, Ball GL, McLellan CJ. Derivation of a bisphenol A oral reference dose (RfD) and drinking-water equivalent concentration. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 2008;11(2):69-146.
• 47. Verner MA, Magher T, Haddad S. High concentrations of commonly used drugs can inhibit the in vitro glucuronidation of bisphenol A and nonylphenol in rats. Xenobiotica. 2010;40(2):83-92.
• 48. Shafei A, Ramzy MM, Hegazy AI, Husseny AK, El-Hadary UG, Taha MM et al. The molecular mechanisms of action of the endocrine disrupting chemical bisphenol A in the development of cancer. Gene. 2018;647:235-43.
• 49. Rezg R, El-Fazaa S, Gharbi N, Mornagui B. Bisphenol A and human chronic diseases: current evidences, possible mechanisms, and future perspectives. Environ Int. 2014;64:83-90.
• 50. Takeuchi T, Tsutsumi O, Ikezuki Y, Takai Y, Taketani Y. Positive relationship between androgen and the endocrine disruptor, bisphenol A, in normal women and women with ovarian dysfunction. Endocr J. 2004;51(2):165-9.
• 51. Rubin BS, Murray MK, Damassa DA, King JC, Soto AM. Perinatal exposure to low doses of bisphenol A affects body weight, patterns of estrous cyclicity, and plasma LH levels. Environ Health Perspect. 2001;109(7):675-80.
• 52. Hugo ER, Brandebourg TD, Woo JG, Loftus J, Alexander JW, Ben-Jonathan N. Bisphenol A at environmentally relevant doses inhibits adiponectin release from human adipose tissue explants and adipocytes. Environ Health Perspect. 2008;116(12):1642-7.
• 53. Wetherill YB, Akingbemi BT, Kanno J, McLachlan JA, Nadal A, Sonnenschein C et al. In vitro molecular mechanisms of bisphenol A action. Reprod Toxicol. 2007;24(2):178-98.
• 54. Meeker JD, Calafat AM, Hauser R. Urinary bisphenol A concentrations in relation to serum thyroid and reproductive hormone levels in men from an infertility clinic. Environ Sci Technol. 2010;44(4):1458-63.
• 55. Meeker JD, Ferguson KK. Relationship between urinary phthalate and bisphenol A concentrations and serum thyroid measures in U.S. adults and adolescents from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2008. Environ Health Perspect. 2011;119(10):1396-402.
• 56. Muñoz-de-Toro M, Markey CM, Wadia PR, Luque EH, Rubin BS, Sonnenschein C et al. Perinatal exposure to bisphenol-A alters peripubertal mammary gland development in mice. Endocrinology. 2005;146(9):4138-47.