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ULUSLARARASI ÖRGÜTLER VE EĞİTİM: UNESCO VE UNICEF ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2021, Issue: 57, 273 - 305, 30.01.2021

Hüseyin Yolcu

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Birleşmiş Milletler Eğitim, Bilim ve Kültür Örgütü (The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNESCO) ile Birleşmiş Çocuklara Yardım Fonu’nun (The United Nations Children's Fund, UNICEF) eğitim politikaları ele alınmıştır. Sahip oldukları uzmanlık alanlarını eğitim politikalarını etkilemekte ustalıkla kullanan her iki örgütün yapı ve işleyişinden kaynaklanan farklılıkları, eğitim politikalarına da yansımaktadır. UNESCO, bütçesi olan ve görece özerk bir örgüt olmasına karşın politik ve ekonomik baskı altındadır. UNESCO’nun aksine UNICEF Birleşmiş Milletlerin bir uzmanlık birimi olmadığı gibi bağımsız bir bütçesi de yoktur. Bu durum UNICEF’i politik ve ekonomik bakımdan daha bağımlı hale getirmektedir. Dolayısıyla UNICEF eğitim faaliyetlerini bu politik ve ekonomik zemin üzerinden planlamakta ve yürütmektedir. Dünya Bankası’nın stratejik ortakları olan bu iki örgüt neoliberal politikalarını doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak uygulamaya geçirmektedirler. Eğitim faaliyetlerini yürütmek için özel sektörle sıkı işbirliğinde bulunan bu iki örgütün, söz konusu ortaklıklarının eğitim ekonomi politiği açısından ele alan çalışmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.

Keywords

Eğitim politikası UNESCO UNICEF Kamu-Özel İşbirliği

References

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  • Ali, A. (2011). Higher education in asian countries and the role of international organizations in its development: a comparative study (Doctorate thesis). Université de Bourgogne, Paris.
  • Altbach, P.G. (1998). International organizations, educational policy, and research: a changing source. Comparative Education Review, 32(2), 137- 142.
  • American Academy of Diplomacy (2020). Henrietta fore. https://www.academyofdiplomacy.org/member/henrietta-fore/. Adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Andrei, M. (2020). Why Nestle is one of the most hated companies in the World. https://www.zmescience.com/science/nestle-company-pollution-children/ adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Beigbeder, Y. (1997). The internal management of unıted natıons organızatıons. London: Macmillan Press.
  • Beigbeder, Y. (2001). New challenges for UNICEF: children, women and human rights. New York: Palgrave.
  • Bennett, A.L. & Oliver, J.K. (2015). Uluslararası örgütler (1. bs). N. Uslu (Çev.). İstanbul: BB101 Yayınları.
  • Burnett, N. (2010). How to develop the UNESCO the world needs: the challenges of reform. Journal of International Cooperation in Education, 13(2), 89-99.
  • Clarke, T. (2018). Nestlé’s water wars the experience of North America. http://old.multiwatch.ch/cm_data/Wasserworkshop_Clarke.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Collier, R. (2010). Critics say UNICEF-Cadbury parnership is mere sugarwashing. Canadian Medical Association, 182(18), 13-14.
  • Cooper, A.F. (2016). Celebrity diplomacy. New York, NY: Roudledge. de Siqueira, A. C. (2002). Education: Are They Contributing to Reduce the Knowledge Gapin the World? Paper presented at the Annual CIES (Comparative an International Education Society) Conference (Orlando, FL,March 6-9, 2002).
  • Eckhard, S., Patz, S. & Schmidt, S. (2019). Reform efforts, synchronization failure, and international bureaucracy: the case of the UNESCO budget crisis. Journal of European Public Policy, 26(11), 1639-1656. doi: 10.1080/13501763.2018.1539116.
  • Foster, J. B. (2012). Eğitim ve sermayenin yapısal krizi: ABD örneği. Montly Review Bağımsız Sosyalist Dergisi, 29,49-87.
  • Hantal, S. (2019, 19 Haziran). 21. YY teslimiyet teorileri ve pratikleri: Birleşmiş Milletlerin aklanma örgütü Unicef. Meydan. Erişim adresi: https://meydan.org.
  • Hasgüler, M. & Uludağ, M. B. (2014). Uluslararası örgütler (6. bs). İstanbul: Alfa yayınları.
  • Heyneman, S. P. (1999). The sad story of UNESCO’s education statistics. International Journal of Educational Development 19, 65–74.
  • Hüfner, K. (2017). The financial crisis of UNESCO after 2011: political reactions and organizational consequences. Global Policy Volume 8(5), 96-101.
  • Imber, M.F. (1989). The USA, ILO, UNESCO and IAEA: politicization and withdrawal in the specialized agencies. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Jallade, L., Radi, M. & Cuenin, S. (2001). National education policies and programmes and ınternatıonal cooperatıon what role for UNESCO? Paris: UNESCO.
  • Jones, P. W. & Coleman, D. (2005) The united nations and education: multilateralism, development and globalisation. New York: Routledge.
  • Jones, P.W. (1999). Globalisation and the UNESCO mandate: multilateral prospects for educational development. International Journal of Educational Development, (19), 17–25.
  • Joyner, C.C. & Scott, A.L. (1986). The United States and UNESCO: Rethinking the decision to withdraw. International Journal, 41(1), 37–71.
  • Kambilombilo. D. ve Banda, M.K. (2015). The impact of decentralization policy on the performance of colleges of education in Zambia: The case of Kitwe, Mufulira and copperbelt college of education. International Journal of Social Science Studies, 3(5), 87-104.Doi:10.11114/İjsss.V3i5.973.
  • Kaya, D. (2007). Farklı bir hayırseverlik yaklaşımı: girişimci hayırseverlik. https://degisimicinbagis.org/wp content/uploads/2017/08/FarkliBirHayirseverlikYaklasimiGirisimciHayirseverlik.pdf. adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Kotler, P., Keller, K. L., Brandy, M., Goodman, M. & Hanson, T. (2009). Marketing management. London: Pearson Education Limit.
  • Orkodashvili, M. (2013). Quality education through child-friendly schools: resource allocation for the protection of children’s rights. SSRN Electronic Journal, 5(1), 1-7.
  • Özgökler, U. (2014). Uluslararasi siyasî, askeri ve ekonomik örgütler (3. bs). İstanbul: Der Yayınları: 393.
  • Popic, D. ve Patel, M. (2011). Decentralization: Equity and Sectoral Policy implications for UNICEF in East-Asia and the Pacific. Draft Working Paper, EAPRO 2011.
  • Power, C. (2015). The power of education: education for all, development. Switzerland: Springer.
  • Schiavone, G. (2008). International Organizations A dictionary and directory (6th edition). New York: St. Martin's Press.
  • Schiller, C., Hensen, H. & Kuhnle, S. (2009). Global health policy: what role for international governmental organizations? Glos: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Signe, D. (2017). These 100 Companies Are to Blame For 71% of The World's Greenhouse Gas Emissions. https://www.sciencealert.com/these-100-companies-are-to-blame-for-71-of-the-world-s-greenhouse-gas-emissions adresinden alnmıştır.
  • Spring, J. (2009). Globalization of education: an introduction. New York: Roudledge.
  • Spring, J. (2015). Economization of Education. New York: Roudledge.
  • Turkcell’in Ensar Vakfı davasına mahkemeden ret. (2017, 12 Aralık). Sözcü Gazetesi. https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2017/ekonomi/turkcellin-ensar-vakfi-davasina-mahkemeden-ret-2128402/.
  • UNICEF Türkiye Milli Komitesi. (2020a). Kurumsal bağışçılarımız. https://www.unicefturk.org/yazi/kurumsal-bagiscilarimiz adresinden alınmıştır.
  • UNICEF Türkiye Milli Komitesi. (2020b). İşbirliği olanakları. https://www.unicefturk.org/yazi/isbirligi-olanaklari adresinden alınmıştır.
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (2007). Educational Governance At Local Level. Paris: UNESCO
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (2009). UNESCO ve education. Paris: UNESCO.
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (2020a). UNESCO’S hisory. https://en.unesco.org/about-us/introducing-unesco adresinden alınmıştır.
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (2020b). Governance https://en.UNESCO.org/about-us/governance adresinden alınmıştır.
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (2020c). Procedure for the nomination of the director-general of UNESCO. https://en.unesco.org/executive-board/dg-candidates-2017 adresinden alınmıştır.
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (2020d). Financial accountability. https://en.unesco.org/about-us/financial-accountability adresinden alınmıştır.
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. (2011). UNESCO and education. Paris: The United Nations Educational, Scientifi c and Cultural Organization.
  • United Nations International Children's Fun (2020a) UNICEF executive board: an informal guide 2020. https://www.unicef.org/about/execboard/files/EB-Informal_Guide-2020-EN-2019.11.07.pdf adresinden edinilmiştir
  • United Nations International Children's Fun (2020b). UNICEF executive board. https://www.unicef.org/about/execboard/ adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • United Nations International Children's Fun (2020c). Secretary. https://www.unicef.org/about/execboard/index_30571.html adresinden alınmıştır.
  • United Nations International Children's Fun (2020d). Funding to UNICEF https://www.unicef.org/partnerships/funding adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Verloren, A. (2009). The united nations children’s fund (global organizations). New York: Infobase Publishing
  • Yolcu, H. (2007). Eğitimde nielik. ABECE Eğitim ve Ekin Dergisi, (26), 20-23.

Year 2021, Issue: 57, 273 - 305, 30.01.2021

Hüseyin Yolcu

Abstract

References

  • Akkari, A. & Lauwerier, T. (2015). The education policies of international organizations: Specific differences and convergences. Prospects, 45(1), 141-157. doi: 10.1007/s11125-014-9332-z.
  • Ali, A. (2011). Higher education in asian countries and the role of international organizations in its development: a comparative study (Doctorate thesis). Université de Bourgogne, Paris.
  • Altbach, P.G. (1998). International organizations, educational policy, and research: a changing source. Comparative Education Review, 32(2), 137- 142.
  • American Academy of Diplomacy (2020). Henrietta fore. https://www.academyofdiplomacy.org/member/henrietta-fore/. Adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Andrei, M. (2020). Why Nestle is one of the most hated companies in the World. https://www.zmescience.com/science/nestle-company-pollution-children/ adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Beigbeder, Y. (1997). The internal management of unıted natıons organızatıons. London: Macmillan Press.
  • Beigbeder, Y. (2001). New challenges for UNICEF: children, women and human rights. New York: Palgrave.
  • Bennett, A.L. & Oliver, J.K. (2015). Uluslararası örgütler (1. bs). N. Uslu (Çev.). İstanbul: BB101 Yayınları.
  • Burnett, N. (2010). How to develop the UNESCO the world needs: the challenges of reform. Journal of International Cooperation in Education, 13(2), 89-99.
  • Clarke, T. (2018). Nestlé’s water wars the experience of North America. http://old.multiwatch.ch/cm_data/Wasserworkshop_Clarke.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Collier, R. (2010). Critics say UNICEF-Cadbury parnership is mere sugarwashing. Canadian Medical Association, 182(18), 13-14.
  • Cooper, A.F. (2016). Celebrity diplomacy. New York, NY: Roudledge. de Siqueira, A. C. (2002). Education: Are They Contributing to Reduce the Knowledge Gapin the World? Paper presented at the Annual CIES (Comparative an International Education Society) Conference (Orlando, FL,March 6-9, 2002).
  • Eckhard, S., Patz, S. & Schmidt, S. (2019). Reform efforts, synchronization failure, and international bureaucracy: the case of the UNESCO budget crisis. Journal of European Public Policy, 26(11), 1639-1656. doi: 10.1080/13501763.2018.1539116.
  • Foster, J. B. (2012). Eğitim ve sermayenin yapısal krizi: ABD örneği. Montly Review Bağımsız Sosyalist Dergisi, 29,49-87.
  • Hantal, S. (2019, 19 Haziran). 21. YY teslimiyet teorileri ve pratikleri: Birleşmiş Milletlerin aklanma örgütü Unicef. Meydan. Erişim adresi: https://meydan.org.
  • Hasgüler, M. & Uludağ, M. B. (2014). Uluslararası örgütler (6. bs). İstanbul: Alfa yayınları.
  • Heyneman, S. P. (1999). The sad story of UNESCO’s education statistics. International Journal of Educational Development 19, 65–74.
  • Hüfner, K. (2017). The financial crisis of UNESCO after 2011: political reactions and organizational consequences. Global Policy Volume 8(5), 96-101.
  • Imber, M.F. (1989). The USA, ILO, UNESCO and IAEA: politicization and withdrawal in the specialized agencies. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Jallade, L., Radi, M. & Cuenin, S. (2001). National education policies and programmes and ınternatıonal cooperatıon what role for UNESCO? Paris: UNESCO.
  • Jones, P. W. & Coleman, D. (2005) The united nations and education: multilateralism, development and globalisation. New York: Routledge.
  • Jones, P.W. (1999). Globalisation and the UNESCO mandate: multilateral prospects for educational development. International Journal of Educational Development, (19), 17–25.
  • Joyner, C.C. & Scott, A.L. (1986). The United States and UNESCO: Rethinking the decision to withdraw. International Journal, 41(1), 37–71.
  • Kambilombilo. D. ve Banda, M.K. (2015). The impact of decentralization policy on the performance of colleges of education in Zambia: The case of Kitwe, Mufulira and copperbelt college of education. International Journal of Social Science Studies, 3(5), 87-104.Doi:10.11114/İjsss.V3i5.973.
  • Kaya, D. (2007). Farklı bir hayırseverlik yaklaşımı: girişimci hayırseverlik. https://degisimicinbagis.org/wp content/uploads/2017/08/FarkliBirHayirseverlikYaklasimiGirisimciHayirseverlik.pdf. adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Kotler, P., Keller, K. L., Brandy, M., Goodman, M. & Hanson, T. (2009). Marketing management. London: Pearson Education Limit.
  • Orkodashvili, M. (2013). Quality education through child-friendly schools: resource allocation for the protection of children’s rights. SSRN Electronic Journal, 5(1), 1-7.
  • Özgökler, U. (2014). Uluslararasi siyasî, askeri ve ekonomik örgütler (3. bs). İstanbul: Der Yayınları: 393.
  • Popic, D. ve Patel, M. (2011). Decentralization: Equity and Sectoral Policy implications for UNICEF in East-Asia and the Pacific. Draft Working Paper, EAPRO 2011.
  • Power, C. (2015). The power of education: education for all, development. Switzerland: Springer.
  • Schiavone, G. (2008). International Organizations A dictionary and directory (6th edition). New York: St. Martin's Press.
  • Schiller, C., Hensen, H. & Kuhnle, S. (2009). Global health policy: what role for international governmental organizations? Glos: Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Signe, D. (2017). These 100 Companies Are to Blame For 71% of The World's Greenhouse Gas Emissions. https://www.sciencealert.com/these-100-companies-are-to-blame-for-71-of-the-world-s-greenhouse-gas-emissions adresinden alnmıştır.
  • Spring, J. (2009). Globalization of education: an introduction. New York: Roudledge.
  • Spring, J. (2015). Economization of Education. New York: Roudledge.
  • Turkcell’in Ensar Vakfı davasına mahkemeden ret. (2017, 12 Aralık). Sözcü Gazetesi. https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2017/ekonomi/turkcellin-ensar-vakfi-davasina-mahkemeden-ret-2128402/.
  • UNICEF Türkiye Milli Komitesi. (2020a). Kurumsal bağışçılarımız. https://www.unicefturk.org/yazi/kurumsal-bagiscilarimiz adresinden alınmıştır.
  • UNICEF Türkiye Milli Komitesi. (2020b). İşbirliği olanakları. https://www.unicefturk.org/yazi/isbirligi-olanaklari adresinden alınmıştır.
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (2007). Educational Governance At Local Level. Paris: UNESCO
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (2009). UNESCO ve education. Paris: UNESCO.
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (2020a). UNESCO’S hisory. https://en.unesco.org/about-us/introducing-unesco adresinden alınmıştır.
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (2020b). Governance https://en.UNESCO.org/about-us/governance adresinden alınmıştır.
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (2020c). Procedure for the nomination of the director-general of UNESCO. https://en.unesco.org/executive-board/dg-candidates-2017 adresinden alınmıştır.
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (2020d). Financial accountability. https://en.unesco.org/about-us/financial-accountability adresinden alınmıştır.
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. (2011). UNESCO and education. Paris: The United Nations Educational, Scientifi c and Cultural Organization.
  • United Nations International Children's Fun (2020a) UNICEF executive board: an informal guide 2020. https://www.unicef.org/about/execboard/files/EB-Informal_Guide-2020-EN-2019.11.07.pdf adresinden edinilmiştir
  • United Nations International Children's Fun (2020b). UNICEF executive board. https://www.unicef.org/about/execboard/ adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • United Nations International Children's Fun (2020c). Secretary. https://www.unicef.org/about/execboard/index_30571.html adresinden alınmıştır.
  • United Nations International Children's Fun (2020d). Funding to UNICEF https://www.unicef.org/partnerships/funding adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Verloren, A. (2009). The united nations children’s fund (global organizations). New York: Infobase Publishing
  • Yolcu, H. (2007). Eğitimde nielik. ABECE Eğitim ve Ekin Dergisi, (26), 20-23.
There are 51 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Derleme Makaleleri
Authors

Hüseyin Yolcu 0000-0001-9974-8446

Publication Date January 30, 2021
Submission Date September 18, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 57

Cite

APA Yolcu, H. (2021). ULUSLARARASI ÖRGÜTLER VE EĞİTİM: UNESCO VE UNICEF ÖRNEĞİ. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi(57), 273-305.

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