Canine visceral leishmaniasis’de p dalgadispersiyonu ve kardiyak troponin I konsantrasyonu

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 1 - 16, 30.06.2018

Kerem Ural

https://doi.org/10.24880/maeuvfd.306728

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Canine Visseral Leishmanisis (CVL), Eski Dünya ülkelerinde Leishmania infantum'dan (L. infantum) kaynaklanan ölümcül, kronik
sistemik bir hastalıktır. Enfeksiyonda köpekler ev sahibi ve rezervuar rolünü
oynar. Bu bağlamda, bulaşmış köpekler hem insanlara hem de diğer köpeklere
yönelik bir tehdittir. L. infantum
ile enfekte olan köpeklerde güncel literatürde diğer etkilenen organlara ve
sistemlere ek olarak kardiyak tutulum da bildirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada,
bilgisayarlı elektrokardiyografi ile atriyal iletim süresinin ölçülmesi
yoluylaPd'nin kullanımı ve bununla birlikte kardiyak troponin I (CTnI) seviyesinde
belirlenen değişikliklerin, CVL'li köpeklerin evrelerine göre muhtemel kalp
hasarının klinik olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Hipertrikozis, perioküler
alopesi, kilo kaybı, onikogripozis, lenfadenopati, hepatosplenomegali ve deri
lezyonları (şiddetli kabuklanma, alopesi ile uyumlu eksfoliatif dermatitis) ve
/ veya anoreksiya gibi bir veya daha fazla klinik bulgunun bulunduğu her iki
cinsiyetten ve çeşitli yaştan toplam 24 köpek, karşılaştırma için sağlıklı
kontrol grubunda ve kardiyak hasarın varlığı, niteliği ve seviyesini belirlemek
için CVL'li köpeklerde, bilgisayarlı 12 uçlu EKG cihazı [dinlenme ve 50 mm /
sn'de 1 mV / cm amplitüd] ( Pd ölçümü)] ve serum CTnI konsantrasyonları, türe
özgü ticari test kiti kullanılarak ölçüldü.

Farklı klinik işareti
olan / olmayan CVL (IFAT pozitif) ile enfekte 18 köpek, üç farklı gruba (n = 6)
alındı; yukarıda bahsedilen klinik belirtiden, tek klinik belirtiyle
(oligosemptomatik) I grubuna dahil olanlar; iki veya çok sayıda klinik
bulguları olan (polisemptomatik) II. grupta ve asemptomatik köpeklere III. grup
dahil edildi. Herhangi bir hastalığı olmayan CVL negatif sağlıklı köpekler IV.
gruba dahil edildi.

CVL ile enfekte 18
köpekten 10'unda tüm polimerik semptomları olan köpeklerle yüksek düzeyde cTnI
konsantrasyonu tespit edildi. Kontrol grubunun tüm vakalarında cTnI seviyeleri
referans aralık [<0.03 ng / dL] idi. Her bir grubun karşılaştırılmasında
bile, CVL pozitif ve kontrol köpekleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
bir fark bulunamamıştır (p> 0.05). Pd değerlerinin ortalama ± standart
sapması sırasıyla kontrol grubu, asemptomatik grup, oligosemptomatik grup ve
polisemptomatik grupta 22.76 ± 3.12, 22.03 ± 0.80, 22.73 ± 0.80 ve 25.67 ± 1.41
idi. Gruplar arasında karşılaştırıldığında, polisemptomatik grup kontrol
grubundan (p = 0.026), asemptomatik (p = 0.012) ve oligosemptomatik (p = 0.027)
gruptan anlamlı farklılık gösterdi.

Bu çalışmada CVL pozitif
ve kontrol olgular arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmasa da,
bireysel artışın hastalığa bağlı olarak miyokardit ile ilişkili
olabileceğinigöstermnektedir. Ayrıca, özellikle polisemptomatik köpeklerde
saptanan ortalama Pd değerlerinin kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksek olduğu iddia
edilebilirken bu durum sağlıklı köpeklerde bildirilen ortalama Pd değerlerine
dayalı referans aralıklarında kabul edilebilmekıtedir. Ancak, enfekte
köpeklerin her bir grupta 6 adet olduğu düşünülürse, daha fazla sayıdaki
olgunun araştırılmasının garanti altına alınabileceği iddia edilebilir.

 

Keywords

Canine visceral leishmaniasis, Kardiyak Troponin I, Köpek, P dalgadispersiyonu

P wave dispersion and cardiac troponin i concentration in canine visceral leishmaniasis*

Abstract

Canine
Visceral Leishmanisis (CVL) is mostly fatal chronic systemic disease caused by Leishmaniainfantum (L. infantum) in the
Old World countries. In infection, dogs plays both host and reservoir role. By
this context, infected dogs are a threat to both people and other dogs. In dogs
infected with L. infantum, cardiac
involvement in addition to the other affected organs and systems were also
reported in the updated literatures. In the present study, the aim was to
clinically evaluate the probable cardiac damage in dogs with CVL according to
its stage via measuring atrial conduction time by use of Pd determined within
computerized electrocardiography and cardiac troponin I (CTnI) level.

A
total of 24 dogs, of both sexes and various ages, referred with one or more of
the clinical findings such as hypertrichosis, periocular alopecia, weight loss,
onychogryphosis, skin lesions (severe scaling, exfoliative dermatitis
compatible with alopecia) and/or anorexia, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly.
In the healthy control group for comparison and in dogs with CVL to determine
presence, nature and level of cardiac damage, the evaluations were performed
with computerized 12-lead ECG device [(1 mV/cm amplitude in resting and 50
mm/sec) (Pd measurement)] and serum CTnI concentrations were measured by using
species specific commercial test kit.

Eighteen
dogs infected with CVL (IFAT positive) with/without different clinical sign
were enrolled into three different groups (n=6); of the above mentioned
clinical sign, to those of which with single clinical sign (oligosymptomatic)
were included in the group I; those with multiple or several clinical signs
(polysymptomatic) were included in the group II; and asymptomatic dogs were
included group III. CVL-negative healthy dogs without any disease were left in
group IV.

High
levels of cTnI concentration were detected in 10 of 18 dogs infected CVL with
all polysymptomatic dogs. In all cases of the control group, cTnI levels were
in the reference range [<0.03 ng/dL]. Even the comparison of each groups, no
statistically significance (p>0.05) was found between CVL positive and
control dogs.  Mean ± standard deviation
of Pd values were 22.76±3.12, 22.03±0.80, 22.73±0.80 and 25.67±1.41 in the
control group, asymptomatic group, oligosymptomatic group, and polysymptomatic
group, respectively. In comparison between groups, polysymptomatic group was
significantly different than control (p = 0.026), asymptomatic (p = 0.012) and
oligosymptomatic (p = 0.027) groups.

Although
a statistically significant difference was not found between CVL positive and
control dogs in the present study, it was suggested that the individual
increase may be associated with myocarditis due to disease. Besides, it may be
claimed that the mean Pd values determined in especially polysymptomatic dogs
was higher compared to the control group, whereas this may be accepted in the
reference ranges based on mean Pd values reported in healthy dogs. However
considering infected dogs population as 6 in each group, it may be safely
claimed that further investigations regarding greater number of cases the may
be warranted.

Keywords

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis, Cardiac Troponin I, Dog, P Wave Dispersion

References

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