AMERİKA BİRLEŞİK DEVLETLERİ’NİN İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ POLİTİKASI: SORUMLULUK VE İNKÂR İKİLEMİ

Year 2019, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 523 - 543, 29.08.2019

Ceren Uysal Oğuz

https://doi.org/10.30798/makuiibf.535125

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD), dünyanın en
büyük ekonomisi ve ikinci büyük sera gazı emisyonu üreticisi olarak küresel
iklim değişikliği ile mücadele konusunda en önemli aktörlerden birisidir.
George W. Bush yönetimi 2001’de ABD’nin Kyoto Protokolü’nden çekildiğini açık-lamış,
bu nedenle Kyoto Protokolü hedeflenen emisyon indirimini sağlamakta yetersiz
kalmıştır. Ocak 2009’da göreve gelen Başkan Obama’nın ikinci döneminde ise
ABD’nin hem federal hem de uluslararası düzeyde iklim değişikliğine uyum ve
emisyon azaltım faaliyetleri art-mıştır. 2016 Dünya Günü’nde 175 ülkenin
imzaladığı Paris Anlaşması sürecinde Obama, iklim değişikliği ile mücadelede
sorumluluk almaya ve uluslararası liderlik rolünü üstlenmeye hazır olduklarını
açıklamıştır. Ancak anlaşmanın yürürlüğe girmesinin ardından, Kasım 2016’da
ABD’de gerçekleşen başkanlık seçimini kazanan Donald J. Trump, göreve
başladıktan sonra ülkesinin Pa-ris Anlaşması’ndan çekileceğini ilan etmiştir.
Böylece bir kez daha, iklim değişikliği ile uluslararası mücadelede ABD
sorumluluk ve yükümlülük üstlenmekten kaçınan bir konum benimsemiştir. Bu
çalışmada iklim değişikliği konusunda özellikle Obama ve Trump’ın söylemleri ve
izledikleri politikalar incelenerek, sorumluluk üstlenme ya da iklim
değişikliğini inkâr ikilemi tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

İklim değişikliği, Obama Yönetimi, Paris Anlaşması, Trump Yönetimi

CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY OF THE UNITED STATES: DILEMMA OF COMMITMENT OR DENIAL

Abstract

The United States (US), as the world’s largest
economy and the second largest greenhouse gas emitter, is one of the most
significant actors of global climate change process. In 2001, President George
W. Bush announced the withdrawal of the US from the Kyoto Protocol which led to
a setback in the international mitigation process. On the other hand, President
Obama who took office in January 2009 has increasingly involved in climate
change adaptation and mitigation activities on both national and international
levels. The Paris Agreement, signed by 175 states on 2016 Earth Day, represented
the beginning of a new era in international climate negotiations and the US
eagerly announced its willingness to lead in the coming years. However, with
the election of Donald J. Trump in November 2016, the role of the US in
international climate mitigation and adaptation negotiations was shifted once
more. This study aims to analyze and compare the climate change rhetoric and
policies of Obama and Trump, discussing their administrations’ respective
climate commitments or denial.

Keywords

Climate change, Obama Administration, Paris Agreement, Trump Administration

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