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Benedict Anderson's Concept of Nation-Building: A Critique from the Perspective of Power Relations
Abstract
This study examines Benedict Anderson's concept of nation and nationalism as articulated in his work Imagined Communities, within a broad conceptual framework and from a critical perspective. Anderson's theory of nationalism is evaluated as a modernist approach enriched by a Marxist contribution. The article discusses the main critiques of Anderson's theory through the perspectives of thinkers such as Anthony Smith, Ernest Gellner, Partha Chatterjee, E. J. Hobsbawm, Kellas and Balakrishnan; and examines the dimensions where Anderson's theory falls short by drawing connections with Michel Foucault's analyses of power, knowledge, and discourse. Furthermore, the concept of the nation as proposed by Anderson is evaluated in light of the unique formations in Latin America, and this process is subjected to critical analysis. In the conclusion, it is emphasized that nation-building is not merely a cultural or linguistic process but rather a complex amalgamation of power relations, economic dynamics, colonial experiences, the spread of capitalist modes of production, and religious and ethnic factors. Thus, alongside the "imagined" nature of the nation, the study investigates how and why this imagination transforms into a "real" social form, particularly within the triangle of power, discourse, and social practices.
Keywords
Supporting Institution
No financial support was received for the conduct of the research.
Ethical Statement
This paper complies with Research and Publication Ethics, has no conflict of interest to declare, and has received no financial support. The article has been checked for spelling and plagiarism/similarity. The article was evaluated by "at least two external referees" and "double blinding" method. The author sent a signed "Copyright Transfer Form" to the journal. There is no need to obtain ethical permission for the current study as per the legislation. The "Declaration Form Regarding No Ethics Permission Required" was sent to the journal by the authors on this subject. The author contributed to all sections and stages of the study alone.
References
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- ANDERSON, Benedict (1995), Hayali Cemaatler: Milliyetçiliğin Kökenleri ve Yayılması (Çev. İskender Savaşır), Metis Yayınları, İstanbul.
- BALAKRISHNAN, Gopal (1996), “The National Imagination”, Mapping the Nation (Ed. Gopal Balakrishnan), Verso Press, London (UK), ss.198-214.
- BAYRAM, Ahmet Kemal (2018), “Foucault’nun Yöntemi: Hakikatin Söylemsel İnşasının Arkeolojisi ve Soykütüğü”, International Journal of Political Science and Urban Studies, S.6(2), ss.217-230.
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- CASTELLÓ, Enric (2016), “Anderson and the Media: The Strength of “Imagined Communities”, Debats, S.1(1), ss.59-63.
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Details
Primary Language
Turkish
Subjects
Political Theory and Political Philosophy
Journal Section
Research Article
Authors
Publication Date
March 28, 2025
Submission Date
December 23, 2024
Acceptance Date
March 28, 2025
Published in Issue
Year 1970 Volume: 8 Number: 1