Abstract
This study aims at
exploring the factors that affect the direction and distribution of migration
in Denizli during 1975-2018. Migration is a phenomenon of choice that arises from
on the conditions between two places. Migration in Turkey tends to occur from
east to west, from the interior to the coastline. Denizli, which is one of the
cities both receiving and sending migration, sheds light on interprovincial
migration in Turkey. The main source of the study is Turkey’s Statistics
Institute’s (TSI) interprovincial migration data related to the permanent
residences during 1975-2018. In the analysis of the factors determining the
direction and amount of migrations, the number of members of Denizli Chamber of
Industry (DSO), the number of establishments, population employed, import and
export data were taken as basis. Socio-Economic Development (SEGE) Ranking of
Provinces and Regions was also taken into consideration. The data published by
TSI, DSO and Ministry of Development were compiled and converted into digital
table formats. Periodic net migration maps were created by transferring these
data to the ArcGIS environment. Denizli, which was a migration-sending city in
1980, moved to the category of cities receiving migration in 1985. In the
period of 2008-2018, the migrations to the city increased while the number of
people leaving the city also increased. According to Lee’s ‘Push-Pull Model,
which examines the phenomenon of migration from a geographical point of view,
industrialization is the pull point of migration in Denizli. However, economic
fluctuations direct and determine migrations positively or negatively. For
instance, the net migration rate in 2008 which was 601 decreased to -1587 in
2009. The population employed in 2008 was 140,506 while it decreased to 134,898
in 2009. During this period, the number of imports and exports decreased as
well. The provinces to which Denizli gave migration in the SEGE ranking are
agglomerated as the first and second tiers in the developed provinces. The
provinces where the city received migration are generally in the category of
third-level developed provinces and other sub-provinces. Immigration and
migrations of Denizli mostly happen with near the provinces. The provinces
which Denizli heavily received and sent migration are clustered in the
neighboring. The direction and amount of migration in Denizli will be shaped by
the economic conditions in the future.