Comparison Of Some Effects Of Wild-Grown And Cultivated Forms Of Ganoderma Lucidum In Turkey On Chicken Embryos

Year 2018, Volume 9, Issue 2, 188 - 195, 25.10.2018

Haluk ÖZPARLAK Bülent ÇELİK Döndü BALTA

Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst is a mushroom which used for alternative medicine worldwide particularly in China, also known as “Immortality Mushroom or Reishi”. In recent years, cultivated G. lucidum is also produced in Turkey and consumed by people especially as tea, coffee and tablets. The aim of this study was to determine the some effects of wild-grown and cultivated G. lucidum in Turkey on the development of chicken embryos, as an alternative experimental animal, for the first time. Two experiments were carried out for this purpose. Wild-grown and cultivated forms of G. lucidum were tested at the same doses in the first and second experiment, respectively. Aqueous extracts of G. lucidum at different doses (1750 µg/egg, 875 µg/egg and 219 µg/egg) were injected into the fertilized chicken eggs at 8th day of incubation as well as sterile bi-distilled water for control groups. Following parameters were examined on 11th day of the incubation: rates of dead and abnormal embryo, malformation types, live and relative embryo weights. In addition, some of the embryos were totally stained with Alizarin Red-S method for bone development. Both wild-grown and cultivated forms of G. lucidum at doses tested did not present significant embryotoxic and teratogenic effects as well as did not affect the bone development of embryos at the macroscopic level.

Keywords

Alizarin Red-S, Chick Embryo, embryotoxicity, Ganoderma, teratogenicity

Ganoderma lucidum’un Türkiye’deki Yabani Ve Kültür Formlarının Tavuk Embriyoları Üzerindeki Bazı Etkilerinin Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

“Ölümsüzlük mantarı” veya “Reishi” olarak da bilinen Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst tüm dünyada ve özellikle de Çin’de alternatif tıp alanında kullanılan bir mantardır. Son yıllarda G. lucidum’un kültür formu Türkiye’de de yetiştirilmektedir ve halk tarafından özellikle çay, kahve ve tablet olarak tüketilmektedir. Bu çalışmayla Türkiye’deki yabani ve kültür G. lucidum’un alternatif bir deney hayvanı olarak tavuk embriyoları üzerindeki bazı etkilerinin ilk kez tespit edilmesi amaçlandı. Bu amaçla iki deney gerçekleştirildi. G. lucidum’un birinci deneyde yabani ve ikinci deneyde kültür formu aynı dozlarda test edildi. Deneylerde döllü tavuk yumurtalarına kuluçkanın 8. gününde G. lucidum’un sulu ekstraktları farklı dozlarda (1750 µg/yumurta, 875 µg/yumurta ve 219 µg/yumurta) enjekte edildi. Kontrol gruplarına steril bi-distile su enjekte edildi. Kuluçkanın 11. gününde ölü ve anormal embriyo oranları, malformasyon tipleri, canlı ve rölatif embriyo oranları tespit edildi. Ayrıca kemik gelişiminin belirlenebilmesi için embriyoların bir kısmı total olarak Alizarin Red-S yöntemiyle boyandı. G. lucidum’un hem yabani hem de kültür formları test edilen dozlarda önemli bir embriyotoksik ve teratojenik etki göstermedi. Ayrıca embriyoların kemik gelişimini de makroskobik seviyede etkilemedi.

Keywords

Alizarin Red-S, civciv embriyosu, Ganoderma, teratojenite, embriyotoksisite, teratojenite

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