Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale (PMS): An Examination into the Cultural Validity and Reliability of the Turkish version of the PMS
Abstract
The purpose of this study
was aimed to psychometric validation of the Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale, which bidimensionally
assessed mindfulness, into Turkish culture. This psychometric validation study
was only conducted on nonclinical sample. The sample consisted of 638
participants (442 females, 196 males) within the age range
of 18 to 51. To determine the construct
validity of PMS confirmatory factor analyses were
employed. The results
indicated that a two-factor solution corresponding
to the two constituent components of
the construct. Reliability analyses were conducted for each subscale. Internal
consistency was good for the awareness subscale (α= .80) and respectable for the acceptance subscale (α= .78). For the Awareness subscale, corrected item-subscale
total correlations ranged from .32 to .60, item discrimination coefficient
ranged from 29.89 to 69.90 and test-retest correlation was
.74. For the acceptance
subscale, corrected item-subscale total correlations ranged from .39 to .63,
item discrimination coefficient ranged from 36.62 to 58.39 and test-retest
correlation was .80. There were significant positive
relationships with respect to the correlation analysis employed for the convergent
validity of FMS. The results
indicated that FMS was a valid and reliable instrument for measuring
mindfulness in Turkish culture.
References
- Baer, R. A. (2003). Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention: A conceptual and empirical review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10(2), 125–143. Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., & Allen, K. B. (2004). Assessment of mindfulness by selfreport: The Kentucky Inverntory of Mindfulness Skills. Assessment, 11(3), 191–206. Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., & Toney, L. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13(1), 27–45. Bishop, S. R., Lau, M., Shapiro, S., Carlson, L., Anderson, N. D., Carmody, J., et al. (2004). Mindfulness: A proposed operational definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11, 230-241 Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being in the present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822–848. Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2004). Perils and promise in defining and measuring mindfulness: Observations from experience. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11, 242-248. Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In: K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136–162). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Buchheld, N., Grossman, P., & Walach, H. (2001). Measuring mindfulness in insight meditation and meditation - based psychotherapy: The development of Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI). Journal for Meditation and Meditation Research, 1(1), 11–34. Cardaciotto, L., Herbert, J. D., Forman, E. M., Moitra, E., & Farrow, V. (2008). The assessment of present-moment awareness and acceptance: The Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale. Assessment, 15(2), 204–223. Chadwick, P., Hember, M., Symes, J., Peters, E., Kuipers, E., & Dagnan, D. (2008). Responding minfully to unpleasant thoughts and images: Reliability and validity of the Southampton mindfulness questionnaire. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 47(4), 451–455. Ergin, D. Y. (1995). Ölçeklerde geçerlik ve güvenirlik. Marmara Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 7, 125–148. Everitt, B., & Skrondal, A. (2010). The Cambridge dictionary of statistics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Feldman, G. C., Hayes, A. M., Kumar, S. M., Greeson, J. G., & Laurenceau, J. P. (2007). Mindfulness and emotion regulation: The development and initial validation of the Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R). Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 29, 177–190. George, D., & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for Windows step by step: Simple guide and reference 11.0 update (4th ed.) Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Hinkle, D. E., Wiersma, W., & Jurs, S. G. (2003). Applied statistics for the behavioral sciences (5th ed.).. Boston, Mass: Houghton Mifflin. Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1–55. Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present and future. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 144–56. Kabat-Zinn, J. (2009). Wherever you go, there you are: Mindfulness meditation in everyday life. Hachette UK. Kınay, F. (2013). Beş boyutlu bilinçli farkındalık ölçeği’ni Türkçe’ye uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Bilim Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford. Lau, M., Bishop, S., Zegal, Z., Buis, T., Anderson, N., Carlson, L., Shapiro, S., Carmody, J., Abbey, S., & Devins, G. (2006). The Toronto Mindfulness Scale: Development and validation. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(12), 1445–1467. Linehan, M. M. (1993). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder. New York: Guilford. Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998-2015). Mplus user’s guide. Seventh Edition. Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén. Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, Inc. Özyeşil, Z., Arslan, C., Kesici, Ş., & Deniz, M. E. (2011). Bilinçli farkındalık ölçeğini Türkçeye uyarlama çalışması. Eğitim ve Bilim, 36(160), 224–235. Walach, N., Buchheld, N., Buttenmuller, V., Kleinknecht, N., & Schmidt, S. (2006). Measuring mindfulness – the Freiburg mindfulness inventory (FMI). Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 1543–1555.
Abstract
Bu
çalışmada, farkındalığı iki boyutlu olarak değerlendiren Philadelphia Farkındalık Ölçeği (PFÖ) Türk
kültüründe psikometrik açıdan sınanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu psikometrik doğrulama
çalışması sadece klinik olmayan örneklem üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışma, 18–51
yaş aralığındaki 638 katılımcıyla (442 kadın, 196 erkek) gerçekleştirilmiştir.
PMS'nin yapı geçerliğini incelemek için yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi
sonuçları PFÖ’nün
iki faktörlü yapısını doğrulamıştır. Bu iki faktörlü yapı için yapılan güvenilirlik
analiz sonuçları ayrımsama alt ölçeğinin iç tutarlılığının iyi (α = .80), kabul
alt ölçeğinin uygun (α = .78) olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Çalışmada ayrımsama
alt-ölçeğinin madde-toplam korelasyonlarının .32 ile .60 arasında, madde ayırtediliciliğinin
29.89 ile 69.90 arasında değer aldığı ve test-tekrar-test korelasyonunun .74
olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kabul alt ölçeğinin madde-toplam korelasyonlarının
.39 ile .63, madde ayırtediliciliğinin 36.62 ile 58.39 arasında değer aldığı,
test-tekrar test korelasyonunun .80 olduğu bulunmuştur. FFÖ'nün uyum geçerliliği
için yapılan korelasyon analizi sonuçları anlamlı pozitif ilişkiler ortaya
çıkarmıştır. Bu sonuçlar, PFÖ'nün Türk kültüründe farkındalığı değerlendirmede geçerli
ve güvenilir bir araç olduğunu göstermiştir.
References
- Baer, R. A. (2003). Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention: A conceptual and empirical review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10(2), 125–143. Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., & Allen, K. B. (2004). Assessment of mindfulness by selfreport: The Kentucky Inverntory of Mindfulness Skills. Assessment, 11(3), 191–206. Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., & Toney, L. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13(1), 27–45. Bishop, S. R., Lau, M., Shapiro, S., Carlson, L., Anderson, N. D., Carmody, J., et al. (2004). Mindfulness: A proposed operational definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11, 230-241 Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being in the present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822–848. Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2004). Perils and promise in defining and measuring mindfulness: Observations from experience. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11, 242-248. Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In: K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136–162). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Buchheld, N., Grossman, P., & Walach, H. (2001). Measuring mindfulness in insight meditation and meditation - based psychotherapy: The development of Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI). Journal for Meditation and Meditation Research, 1(1), 11–34. Cardaciotto, L., Herbert, J. D., Forman, E. M., Moitra, E., & Farrow, V. (2008). The assessment of present-moment awareness and acceptance: The Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale. Assessment, 15(2), 204–223. Chadwick, P., Hember, M., Symes, J., Peters, E., Kuipers, E., & Dagnan, D. (2008). Responding minfully to unpleasant thoughts and images: Reliability and validity of the Southampton mindfulness questionnaire. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 47(4), 451–455. Ergin, D. Y. (1995). Ölçeklerde geçerlik ve güvenirlik. Marmara Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 7, 125–148. Everitt, B., & Skrondal, A. (2010). The Cambridge dictionary of statistics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Feldman, G. C., Hayes, A. M., Kumar, S. M., Greeson, J. G., & Laurenceau, J. P. (2007). Mindfulness and emotion regulation: The development and initial validation of the Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R). Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 29, 177–190. George, D., & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for Windows step by step: Simple guide and reference 11.0 update (4th ed.) Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Hinkle, D. E., Wiersma, W., & Jurs, S. G. (2003). Applied statistics for the behavioral sciences (5th ed.).. Boston, Mass: Houghton Mifflin. Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1–55. Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present and future. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 144–56. Kabat-Zinn, J. (2009). Wherever you go, there you are: Mindfulness meditation in everyday life. Hachette UK. Kınay, F. (2013). Beş boyutlu bilinçli farkındalık ölçeği’ni Türkçe’ye uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Bilim Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford. Lau, M., Bishop, S., Zegal, Z., Buis, T., Anderson, N., Carlson, L., Shapiro, S., Carmody, J., Abbey, S., & Devins, G. (2006). The Toronto Mindfulness Scale: Development and validation. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(12), 1445–1467. Linehan, M. M. (1993). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder. New York: Guilford. Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998-2015). Mplus user’s guide. Seventh Edition. Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén. Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, Inc. Özyeşil, Z., Arslan, C., Kesici, Ş., & Deniz, M. E. (2011). Bilinçli farkındalık ölçeğini Türkçeye uyarlama çalışması. Eğitim ve Bilim, 36(160), 224–235. Walach, N., Buchheld, N., Buttenmuller, V., Kleinknecht, N., & Schmidt, S. (2006). Measuring mindfulness – the Freiburg mindfulness inventory (FMI). Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 1543–1555.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Studies on Education |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | July 1, 2018 |
| Acceptance Date | June 11, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 48 Issue: 48 |