Arama ve kurtarma (SAR) operasyonları, acil durumlara etkili bir şekilde yanıt verebilmek için çeşitli teknolojilerin ve uzmanlığın entegrasyonunu gerektirir. Bu çalışmada mimarların SAR teknolojilerinde hem küresel hem de Türkiye bağlamında nasıl önemli bir rol oynadığı araştırılmıştır. Mimarlar, mekansal yerleşimleri optimize ederek, yapısal bütünlüğü garanti ederek, gelişmiş teknolojileri entegre ederek ve sürdürülebilirliği teşvik ederek SAR tesislerinin tasarlanmasında paha biçilmez bir rol oynarlar. Bu çalışma, uluslararası ve Türkiye SAR örnekleri arasında derinlemesine bir karşılaştırma yaparak, temel benzerlikleri, farklılıkları ve potansiyel iyileştirme alanlarını vurgulamaktadır. Bu sonuçlar, SAR operasyonlarını yürütürken mimari uzmanlığın değerini vurgulamaktadır; ayrıca Türkiye'nin SAR yeteneklerini artırma yaklaşımını nasıl geliştirebileceğine dair bir değerlendirme sağlamaktadır.
AFAD. (2023). 06 Şubat 2023 Pazarcık-Elbistan Kahramanmaraş (Mw: 7.7 – Mw: 7.6) Depremleri Raporu. https://deprem.afad.gov.tr/assets/pdf/deprem-bilgi-destek-sistemi.pdf
Bravo, R. & Leiras, A. (2015). Literature review of the application of UAVs in humanitarian relief. Proceedings of
the XXXV Encontro Nacional de Engenharia de Producao, Fortaleza, Brazil, 13-16.
Casper, J., & Murphy, R. R. (2003). Human-robot interactions during the robot-assisted Urban Search and
rescue response at the World Trade Center. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B
(Cybernetics), 33(3), 367–385. https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcb.2003.811794
Carlson, J., & Murphy, R. R. (2005). How ugvs physically fail in the field. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 21(3), 423–
437. https://doi.org/10.1109/tro.2004.838027
Chitikena, H., Sanfilippo, F. & Ma, S. (2023). Robotics in search and rescue (SAR) operations: An ethical and
Design Perspective Framework for Response Phase. Applied Sciences, 13(3), 1800.
https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031800
Davids, A. (2002). Urban Search and rescue robots: From tragedy to technology. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 17(2),
81–83. https://doi.org/10.1109/mis.2002.999224
De Cubber, G., Doroftei, D., Roda, R., Silva, E., Ourevitch, S., Matos, A., & Rudin, K. (2017). Chapter Introduction to the
Use of Robotic Tools for Search and Rescue.
De Cubber, G., Doroftei, D., Rudin, K., Berns, K., Matos, A., Serrano, D., Sanchez, J. M., Govindaraj, S., Bedkowski, J.,
Roda, R., Silva, E., Ourevitch, S., Wagemans, R., Lobo, V., Cardoso, G., Chintamani, K., Gancet, J., Stupler, P.,
Nezhadfard, A., … Baptista, R. (2017). Search and Rescue Robotics - from Theory to Practice.
https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.68449
De Cubber, G., Serrano, D., Berns, K., Chintamani, K., Sabino, R., Ourevitch, S., ... & Baudoin, Y. (2013). Search and
rescue robots developed by the european icarus project. In 7th Int. Workshop on Robotics for Risky
Environments. Citeseer.
Doroftei, D., Matos, A., & de Cubber, G. (2014). Designing search and rescue robots towards Realistic User
Requirements. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 658, 612–617.
https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.658.612
Eirkmen, I., Erkmen, A. M., Matsuno, F., Chatterjee, R., & Kamegawa, T. (2002). Snake robots to the rescue! IEEE
Robotics & Automation Magazine, 9(3), 17–25. https://doi.org/10.1109/mra.2002.1035210
Goverment of Canada. (2021). It Takes Only Seconds to Save Lives, Canada. Access Address (15.06.2023):
https://earthquakescanada.nrcan.gc.ca/eew-asp/system-en.php
Harbers, M., de Greeff, J., Kruijff-Korbayová, I., Neerincx, M. A., & Hindriks, K. V. (2017). Exploring the ethical
landscape of robot-assisted search and rescue. A World with Robots, 93–107. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-
319-46667-5_7
Ito, K., Yang, Z., Saijo, K., Hirotsune, K., Gofuku, A., Matsuno, F. (2005). A rescue robot system for collecting
information designed for ease of use — a proposal of a rescue systems concept. Advanced Robotics, 19(3),
249–272. https://doi.org/10.1163/1568553053583706
Lennihan, M. (2018). 9/11 Memorial Museum. Accessed Address (15.07.2023):
https://www.ksat.com/features/2021/09/06/911-memorial-museum-to-host-touching-commemoration-on-
20th-anniversary-of-attacks/
Liljebäck, P., Pettersen, K. Y., Stavdahl, Ø., & Gravdahl, J. T. (2012). A review on modelling, implementation, and
control of snake robots. Robotics and Autonomous systems, 60(1), 29-40.
Liu, B., Liu, M., Liu, X., Tuo, X., Wang, X., Zhao, S., & Xiao, T. (2019). Design and realize a snake-like robot in complex
environment. Journal of Robotics, 2019, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1523493
Luo, M., Yan, R., Wan, Z., Qin, Y., Santoso, J., Skorina, E. H., & Onal, C. D. (2018). Orisnake: Design, fabrication, and
experimental analysis of a 3-D Origami Snake Robot. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 3(3), 1993–1999.
https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2018.2800112
Matsuno, F., & Tadokoro, S. (2004). Rescue Robots and Systems in Japan. 2004 IEEE International Conference on
Robotics and Biomimetics. https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2004.1521744
Murphy, R. & Casper, J. (2002). Human-robot interactions in robot-assisted Urban Search and rescue. Multi-
Robot Systems: From Swarms to Intelligent Automata, 221–221. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2376-3_24
Murphy, R., Stover, S., Pratt, K., & Griffin, C. (2006). Cooperative damage inspection with unmanned surface
vehicle and micro unmanned aerial vehicle at Hurricane Wilma. 2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on
Intelligent Robots and Systems. https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2006.282304
Murphy, R. R., Tadokoro, S., Nardi, D., Jacoff, A., Fiorini, P., Choset, H., & Erkmen, A. M. (2008). Search and rescue
robotics. Springer Handbook of Robotics, 1151–1173. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30301-5_51
Murphy, R. R. & Stover, S. (2007). Rescue Robots for mudslides: A descriptive study of the 2005 La Conchita
mudslide response. Journal of Field Robotics, 25(1–2), 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1002/rob.20207
Ochoa, S. F. & Santos, R. (2015). Human-centric wireless sensor networks to improve information availability
during urban search and Rescue Activities. Information Fusion, 22, 71–84.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2013.05.009
Özen, F. (2015), Robotların Arama Kurtarma Çalışmalarında Kullanımı, TOK 2015
Qin, Y., Wan, Z., Sun, Y., Skorina, E. H., Luo, M., & Onal, C. D. (2018). Design, fabrication and experimental analysis of
a 3-D soft robotic snake. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft).
https://doi.org/10.1109/robosoft.2018.8404900
Sanfilippo, F., Helgerud, E., Stadheim, P. A., & Aronsen, S. L. (2019). Serpens, a low-cost snake robot with series
elastic torque-controlled actuators and a screw-less assembly mechanism. 2019 5th International Conference
on Control, Automation and Robotics (ICCAR). https://doi.org/10.1109/iccar.2019.8813482
Sevindi, C. (2005) ‘Küresel Konum Beli̇rleme Sistemi (GPS) ve Coğrafya Araştirmalarinda kullanimi global
positioning system (GPS) and its usage in geographical researches’. doi:10.1501/cogbil_0000000050.
Wright, C., Buchan, A., Brown, B., Geist, J., Schwerin, M., Rollinson, D., Tesch, M., & Choset, H. (2012). Design and
architecture of the Unified Modular Snake Robot. 2012 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and
Automation. https://doi.org/10.1109/icra.2012.6225255
Zhang Guowei, Li Bin, Li Zhiqiang, Wang Cong, Zhang Handuo, Shang hong, Hu Weijian, & Zhang Tao. (2014).
Development of robotic spreader for earthquake rescue. 2014 IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security,
and Rescue Robotics (2014). https://doi.org/10.1109/ssrr.2014.7017679
Zhang, X. (2022). Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies for Energy Internet. Frontiers.
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2022.889355/full
Zhou, W. (2018). Applications of GIS and remote sensing in lansdlide hazard assessment. Journal of Remote
Sensing & GIS, 07. https://doi.org/10.4172/2469-4134-c1-010
Zibulewsky, J. (2001). Defining disaster: The Emergency Department perspective. Baylor University Medical
Center Proceedings, 14(2), 144–149. https://doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2001.11927751
The Role of Architects in Search and Rescue Technologies: A Comparative Analysis of Global Examples and Türkiye
Year 2023,
Volume: 8 Issue: Special Issue, 103 - 123, 26.12.2023
Search and rescue (SAR) operations require the integration of various technologies and expertise, to effectively respond to emergencies. In this study it was investigated how architects play an essential part in SAR technologies both globally and in Türkiye contexts. Architects play an invaluable role in designing SAR facilities, by optimizing spatial layouts, assuring structural integrity, integrating advanced technologies and encouraging sustainability. By conducting an in-depth comparison between international and Turkish SAR examples, this study highlights key similarities, distinctions and potential areas for improvement. These results emphasize the value of architectural expertise when conducting SAR operations; further providing insight into how Türkiye could enhance its approach to increase SAR capabilities.
No assistance was received from any institution or organization in the study. The article complies with national and international research and publication ethics. Ethics committee permission was not required for the study.
References
AFAD. (2023). 06 Şubat 2023 Pazarcık-Elbistan Kahramanmaraş (Mw: 7.7 – Mw: 7.6) Depremleri Raporu. https://deprem.afad.gov.tr/assets/pdf/deprem-bilgi-destek-sistemi.pdf
Bravo, R. & Leiras, A. (2015). Literature review of the application of UAVs in humanitarian relief. Proceedings of
the XXXV Encontro Nacional de Engenharia de Producao, Fortaleza, Brazil, 13-16.
Casper, J., & Murphy, R. R. (2003). Human-robot interactions during the robot-assisted Urban Search and
rescue response at the World Trade Center. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B
(Cybernetics), 33(3), 367–385. https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcb.2003.811794
Carlson, J., & Murphy, R. R. (2005). How ugvs physically fail in the field. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 21(3), 423–
437. https://doi.org/10.1109/tro.2004.838027
Chitikena, H., Sanfilippo, F. & Ma, S. (2023). Robotics in search and rescue (SAR) operations: An ethical and
Design Perspective Framework for Response Phase. Applied Sciences, 13(3), 1800.
https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031800
Davids, A. (2002). Urban Search and rescue robots: From tragedy to technology. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 17(2),
81–83. https://doi.org/10.1109/mis.2002.999224
De Cubber, G., Doroftei, D., Roda, R., Silva, E., Ourevitch, S., Matos, A., & Rudin, K. (2017). Chapter Introduction to the
Use of Robotic Tools for Search and Rescue.
De Cubber, G., Doroftei, D., Rudin, K., Berns, K., Matos, A., Serrano, D., Sanchez, J. M., Govindaraj, S., Bedkowski, J.,
Roda, R., Silva, E., Ourevitch, S., Wagemans, R., Lobo, V., Cardoso, G., Chintamani, K., Gancet, J., Stupler, P.,
Nezhadfard, A., … Baptista, R. (2017). Search and Rescue Robotics - from Theory to Practice.
https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.68449
De Cubber, G., Serrano, D., Berns, K., Chintamani, K., Sabino, R., Ourevitch, S., ... & Baudoin, Y. (2013). Search and
rescue robots developed by the european icarus project. In 7th Int. Workshop on Robotics for Risky
Environments. Citeseer.
Doroftei, D., Matos, A., & de Cubber, G. (2014). Designing search and rescue robots towards Realistic User
Requirements. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 658, 612–617.
https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.658.612
Eirkmen, I., Erkmen, A. M., Matsuno, F., Chatterjee, R., & Kamegawa, T. (2002). Snake robots to the rescue! IEEE
Robotics & Automation Magazine, 9(3), 17–25. https://doi.org/10.1109/mra.2002.1035210
Goverment of Canada. (2021). It Takes Only Seconds to Save Lives, Canada. Access Address (15.06.2023):
https://earthquakescanada.nrcan.gc.ca/eew-asp/system-en.php
Harbers, M., de Greeff, J., Kruijff-Korbayová, I., Neerincx, M. A., & Hindriks, K. V. (2017). Exploring the ethical
landscape of robot-assisted search and rescue. A World with Robots, 93–107. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-
319-46667-5_7
Ito, K., Yang, Z., Saijo, K., Hirotsune, K., Gofuku, A., Matsuno, F. (2005). A rescue robot system for collecting
information designed for ease of use — a proposal of a rescue systems concept. Advanced Robotics, 19(3),
249–272. https://doi.org/10.1163/1568553053583706
Lennihan, M. (2018). 9/11 Memorial Museum. Accessed Address (15.07.2023):
https://www.ksat.com/features/2021/09/06/911-memorial-museum-to-host-touching-commemoration-on-
20th-anniversary-of-attacks/
Liljebäck, P., Pettersen, K. Y., Stavdahl, Ø., & Gravdahl, J. T. (2012). A review on modelling, implementation, and
control of snake robots. Robotics and Autonomous systems, 60(1), 29-40.
Liu, B., Liu, M., Liu, X., Tuo, X., Wang, X., Zhao, S., & Xiao, T. (2019). Design and realize a snake-like robot in complex
environment. Journal of Robotics, 2019, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1523493
Luo, M., Yan, R., Wan, Z., Qin, Y., Santoso, J., Skorina, E. H., & Onal, C. D. (2018). Orisnake: Design, fabrication, and
experimental analysis of a 3-D Origami Snake Robot. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 3(3), 1993–1999.
https://doi.org/10.1109/lra.2018.2800112
Matsuno, F., & Tadokoro, S. (2004). Rescue Robots and Systems in Japan. 2004 IEEE International Conference on
Robotics and Biomimetics. https://doi.org/10.1109/robio.2004.1521744
Murphy, R. & Casper, J. (2002). Human-robot interactions in robot-assisted Urban Search and rescue. Multi-
Robot Systems: From Swarms to Intelligent Automata, 221–221. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2376-3_24
Murphy, R., Stover, S., Pratt, K., & Griffin, C. (2006). Cooperative damage inspection with unmanned surface
vehicle and micro unmanned aerial vehicle at Hurricane Wilma. 2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on
Intelligent Robots and Systems. https://doi.org/10.1109/iros.2006.282304
Murphy, R. R., Tadokoro, S., Nardi, D., Jacoff, A., Fiorini, P., Choset, H., & Erkmen, A. M. (2008). Search and rescue
robotics. Springer Handbook of Robotics, 1151–1173. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30301-5_51
Murphy, R. R. & Stover, S. (2007). Rescue Robots for mudslides: A descriptive study of the 2005 La Conchita
mudslide response. Journal of Field Robotics, 25(1–2), 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1002/rob.20207
Ochoa, S. F. & Santos, R. (2015). Human-centric wireless sensor networks to improve information availability
during urban search and Rescue Activities. Information Fusion, 22, 71–84.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2013.05.009
Özen, F. (2015), Robotların Arama Kurtarma Çalışmalarında Kullanımı, TOK 2015
Qin, Y., Wan, Z., Sun, Y., Skorina, E. H., Luo, M., & Onal, C. D. (2018). Design, fabrication and experimental analysis of
a 3-D soft robotic snake. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft).
https://doi.org/10.1109/robosoft.2018.8404900
Sanfilippo, F., Helgerud, E., Stadheim, P. A., & Aronsen, S. L. (2019). Serpens, a low-cost snake robot with series
elastic torque-controlled actuators and a screw-less assembly mechanism. 2019 5th International Conference
on Control, Automation and Robotics (ICCAR). https://doi.org/10.1109/iccar.2019.8813482
Sevindi, C. (2005) ‘Küresel Konum Beli̇rleme Sistemi (GPS) ve Coğrafya Araştirmalarinda kullanimi global
positioning system (GPS) and its usage in geographical researches’. doi:10.1501/cogbil_0000000050.
Wright, C., Buchan, A., Brown, B., Geist, J., Schwerin, M., Rollinson, D., Tesch, M., & Choset, H. (2012). Design and
architecture of the Unified Modular Snake Robot. 2012 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and
Automation. https://doi.org/10.1109/icra.2012.6225255
Zhang Guowei, Li Bin, Li Zhiqiang, Wang Cong, Zhang Handuo, Shang hong, Hu Weijian, & Zhang Tao. (2014).
Development of robotic spreader for earthquake rescue. 2014 IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security,
and Rescue Robotics (2014). https://doi.org/10.1109/ssrr.2014.7017679
Zhang, X. (2022). Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies for Energy Internet. Frontiers.
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2022.889355/full
Zhou, W. (2018). Applications of GIS and remote sensing in lansdlide hazard assessment. Journal of Remote
Sensing & GIS, 07. https://doi.org/10.4172/2469-4134-c1-010
Zibulewsky, J. (2001). Defining disaster: The Emergency Department perspective. Baylor University Medical
Center Proceedings, 14(2), 144–149. https://doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2001.11927751
There are 33 citations in total.
Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Architecture for Disaster Relief, Architectural Science and Technology
Dallı, M., Soyluk, A., & Ürük, Z. F. (2023). The Role of Architects in Search and Rescue Technologies: A Comparative Analysis of Global Examples and Türkiye. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 8(Special Issue), 103-123. https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1317265