Türkiye’de Deprem Sonrası Kentsel Planlama: Hatay ve İstanbul'daki Afet Sığınak Sistemlerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 1044 - 1057, 26.12.2024

Gizem Dinç , Büşra Nur Gök

https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1573206

Abstract

Büyük depremlerle karşılaşan ülkeler, kentsel açık yeşil alanları güçlendirmek amacıyla, afet sığınakları ve yardım parkı sistemleri geliştirmekte; bu alanlar, sismik olaylar sonrasında tahliye için geçici sığınaklar olarak hizmet etmektedir. Bu çalışma, 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde meydana gelen depremin ardından Hatay merkezindeki afet sığınakları ve kentsel açık yeşil alan sistemini incelemektedir. Elde edilen bulgular, Türkiyey'deki şehirlerin sismik olaylar sonrasındaki dayanıklılığına dair önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Ardından, büyük bir depreme maruz kalması beklenen İstanbul'daki sığınak alanları ve yeşil alan sistemleri, Hatay örneği dikkate alınarak analiz edilmiştir. ArcGIS kullanılarak, sığınak alanlarının ve kentsel açık yeşil alanların (15 dakikalık yürüme mesafesindeki) hizmet alanları hesaplanmış ve karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuçlar, Hatay merkezindeki ve İstanbul'un Fatih ilçesindeki acil sığınaklar için hizmet alanlarının yetersiz olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu durum, tahliye amacıyla daha iyi planlanmış kentsel açık yeşil alanların gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışma, afet yönetimi ve şehir planlaması alanında, depremler sonrası sığınma ve tahliye süreçlerinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır.

Keywords

Deprem, dayanıklı şehirler, yeşil alan sistemleri, kentsel planlama, acil toplanma alanları

Post-Earthquake Urban Planning in Türkiye: Evaluating Disaster Refuge Systems in Hatay and Istanbul

Abstract

Countries prone to significant earthquakes often develop disaster refuge and relief urban park systems to enhance urban open green spaces, which serve as temporary shelters for evacuation after seismic events. This paper examines the disaster refuge sites and urban open green space system in the center of Hatay following the February 6, 2023 earthquake. The findings provide insights into the resilience of Turkish cities after seismic events. Subsequently, the refuge sites and green space systems in Istanbul, a metropolis expected to experience a major earthquake, were analyzed in light of the Hatay example. Using ArcGIS, the service areas of shelter sites and urban open green spaces (within a 15-minute walking distance) were calculated and compared. Results indicate that the service areas for emergency shelters in the center of Hatay and Istanbul's Fatih district are insufficient. This highlights the need for better-planned urban open green spaces for evacuation purposes. This study makes significant contributions to improving shelter and evacuation processes after earthquakes in the fields of disaster management and urban planning.

Keywords

Earthquake, resilient cities, green space systems, urban planning, emergency shelter

Supporting Institution

The authors did not receive support from any organization for the submitted work.

Thanks

This article is dedicated to those who lost their lives in the earthquakes that occurred in Türkiye on February 6, 2023. The authors did not receive support from any organization for the submitted work.

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