Arsenik Metabolizması ve Arsenolipid Biyosentezi

Abstract

Metal ile ametal arasında bir özelliğe sahip olan arsenik yerkabuğunda en çok bulunan elementlerden biri olup organik ve inorganik formlara sahiptir. Arsenik toksisitesi, kimyasal forma, ortam derişimine ve türe bağlı olarak değişirken arsenit (As⁺³) ve arsenat (As⁺⁵) gibi inorganik formları hayvansal organizmalar için toksik ve kanserojen etkiye sahiptir. Doğal süreçler ve antropojenik etkiler sonucu doğada yüksek derişimlerde bulunan arsenik, biyolojik sistemlerde metilasyon süreci ile ya da organik bileşiklerle kompleks oluşturarak organoarsenikaller haline dönüştürülebilen doğal bir detoksifikasyon mekanizmasına sahiptir. Arseniğin organik formları ile makromoleküllerinin inorganik arsenik türlerine göre daha az toksik olduğu bilinmektedir. Bir organoarsenikal türü olan arsenolipitlerin biyosentezi, arsenit metabolitlerinin doğal oluşumuna dayanır ve bu yoldaki tüm ara maddeler algal kökenlidir.

Bu derlemede; arsenikin kaynakları, kimyasal formları, biyolojik sistemlerde arsenik metabolizması ve arsenolipid biyosentezi ile toksik etkileri incelenmiştir.

Keywords

• Arsenik,sucul ekosistemler,toksisite

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