Ön uygulama yapılmış soğan tohumlarını -20°C’de depolamanın tohum kalitesine etkisi

Year 2020, Volume: 33 Issue: 2, 175 - 180, 01.08.2020

Eren Özden Nurcan Memiş Ebrima Njıe Cihat Özdamar Serpil Mis İbrahim Demir

https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.627287

Abstract

Bu araştırmada tohum kalitesinin prime edildikten sonra -20°C’de depolanmış soğan tohumlarındaki değişimi incelenmiştir. Priming uygulaması tohum, vermikulit ve suyun 2:1:3 oranında 48 saat 15°C’de tutularak ardından %7’ye kadar kurutulmasıyla yapılmıştır. Daha sonra her tohum partisinden tohumlar -20°C’de 60 güne kadar hermetik paketlerde depolanmıştır. Bu süreçte 0 (depo öncesi), 15, 30 ve 60 gün sonra örnekler alınmış ve çimlendirme testi (20°C, 12 gün) ve ortalama çimlenme zamanı belirlenmiştir. Kontrol tohumlarında ve prime edilmiş ancak depolanmamış tohum partilerinin ortalama çimlenme oranları %80 ile %85 olmuştur. Prime edilmiş ve 15 ya da 30 gün depolanmış tohumlarda çimlenme oranı %87 olmuştur. Altmış gün depolanmış tohumlarda çimlenme oranı %82’ye düşmüştür ki bu değer kontrol ile anlamlı olarak fark göstermemiştir. Ortalama çimlenme zamanının en düşük olarak saptandığı depolama süresi 3.64 gün ile 30 günlük depolamadır. Sonuçlar prime edilmiş soğan tohumlarının -20°C’de 30 gün kalitelerini koruyarak depolanabildiklerini 60 güne kadar giden depolamaların bu olumlu etkiyi azalttığını göstermiştir. Düşük sıcaklıklarda depolamanın süre dikkate alınarak prime edilmiş soğan tohumları için alternatif bir depolama metodu olduğu belirtilebilir.

Keywords

Çimlenme oranı, depolama, matrik priming, ortalama çimlenme zamanı

Variations in seed quality of primed onion seed lots during storage at -20°C

Abstract

This work was carried out on twenty onion seed lots to test changes in seed quality during storage at -20°C after priming treatment. Seeds were matric primed at 20°C by mixing seed, vermiculite and water at the ratio of 2:1:3 for 48 hours at 15°C and subsequently dried to 7% seed moisture content. They were then hermetically stored at -20°C over 60 days, and samples were taken after 0 (unstored), 15, 30 and 60 days. Seed germination percentages (20°C, 12 days) and mean germination times were determined. Results indicated that mean germination percentages of the control and primed but not stored seed lots were 80 and 85% respectively. Germination percentages after 15 and 30 days at -20°C remained as high as those of primed and unstored seeds, which were 87%. However, by 60 days after storage, primed seed germination percentages were reduced to 82%, which was non-significant compared to the control. The fastest germination - the lowest mean germination times - were also recorded as 3.64 days after 30 days of storage (p<0.05). Results indicated that the benefit obtained from priming may remain in onion seeds for about 30 days after storage at -20°C. Extended storage of up to 60 days can reduce the advantage that is obtained from priming. Storage of primed onion seeds at freezing temperatures can be an alternative method to reduce seed ageing and to maintain high seed quality longer for a certain period.

Keywords

Germination percentages, mean germination time, matric priming, Longevit

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