Yarı Kurak Havzalardaki Düşük Akışların Analizi: Söğütözü ve Terme Çayı Örnekleri

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Çankırı ilinin Söğütözü ve Terme Çayı Havzalarında kurak mevsim boyunca meydana gelen düşük akışların fiziksel, kimyasal ve hidrolojik özelliklerini analiz etmek ve bu havzalardaki su kalitesi ile akış arasındaki ilişkiyi tespit etmektir. Çalışmanın amacı, havza özelliklerini inceleyerek, su kalitesini değerlendirerek ve eğilimleri analiz ederek düşük nehir akışlarının nedenlerini ve etkilerini açıklığa kavuşturmaktır. Kurak mevsimdeki düşük nehir akışları, kaynak kullanımı ve ekosistem sağlığı için hayati önem taşımaktadır. Bunu başarmak için, her iki havzada 1967'den 2010'a kadar 43 yıllık bir süre boyunca toplanan günlük ortalama akış verileri kullanılarak ilk düşük akış hesaplamaları yapılmıştır. Su örneklemesi, bu havzalarda kaydedilen düşük akışlara denk gelecek şekilde, Nisan-Aralık ayları arasında haftalık olarak aynı gün ve aynı saatte gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca, yıllık düşük akış endeksi değerlerinde bir eğilim olup olmadığını belirlemek için bir analiz yapılmıştır. Çalışma dönemi boyunca 35 su numunesi 18 parametre açısından hem fiziksel hem de kimyasal olarak analiz edilerek düşük akış ve su kalitesi arasındaki korelasyon tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Söğütözü Deresi havzasında dere akışı ile fenolftalein alkalinitesi, toplam sertlik, kalsiyum sertliği, organik madde, amonyum, bulanıklık, pH, elektriksel iletkenlik ve tuz arasında; Terme Deresi havzasında ise dere akışı ile metiloranj alkalinitesi, toplam sertlik, magnezyum sertliği, klorür, sodyum, bulanıklık, elektriksel iletkenlik ve tuz arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Düşük akış hesaplamalarında kullanılan beş endeks (Q95, Q90, Q75, Q50 ve 7Q1) arasında yalnızca Q95 Akış Endeksi için kayda değer bir eğilim gözlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Düşük akış hidrolojisi
• Su kalitesi
• Yarı kurak
• Hidrokimya
• Çankırı

Supporting Institution

Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü

Project Number

2011/03 proje

Thanks

Bu çalışma, Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü tarafından 2011/03 proje numarası ile finansal olarak desteklenmiştir. Bu çalışma, Semih EDİŞ tarafından 2011 yılında Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü’nde tamamlanan “Yarı Kurak Havzalarda Düşük Akışların Analizi (Söğütözü Deresi ve Terme Çayı Havzaları Örneği)” adlı yüksek lisans tezinden hazırlanmıştır.

Analysis of Low Flows in Semi-Arid Watersheds: Söğütözü and Terme Creek Cases

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the physical, chemical, and hydrological characteristics of low flows in the Söğütözü and Terme Creek Watersheds of Çankırı province during the dry season, and to ascertain the relationship between water quality and flow in these watersheds. The goal of the study is to clarify the causes and effects of low river flows by examining watershed characteristics, assessing water quality, and analyzing trends. Low river flows during the dry season are vital for resource utilization and ecosystem health. To achieve this, initial low flow calculations were performed using daily average flow data collected over a 43-year period, from 1967 to 2010, in both watersheds. Water sampling was conducted weekly on the same day and at the same time during the period from April to December, coinciding with the recorded low flows in these watersheds. Furthermore, an analysis was conducted to determine if a trend existed in the annual low flow index values. During the study period, 35 water samples were analyzed both physically and chemically for 18 parameters to ascertain correlation between low streamflow and water quality. Consequently, it was determined that a significant correlation existed between streamflow and phenolphthalein alkalinity, total hardness, calcium hardness, organic matter, ammonium, turbidity, pH, electrical conductivity, and salt in the Söğütözü Creek watershed; as well as between streamflow and methylorange alkalinity, total hardness, magnesium hardness, chloride, sodium, turbidity, electrical conductivity, and salt in the Terme Creek watershed. A notable trend was observed solely for the Q95 Flow Index among the five indices utilized in low flow calculations (Q95, Q90, Q75, Q50, and 7Q1).

Keywords

• Low flow hydrology
• Water quality
• Semi-arid
• Hydrochemistry
• Çankırı

Project Number

2011/03 proje

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