Research Article

The Politics of the Ulama: Understading the Influential Role of the Ulama in Iran

Volume: 13 Number: 2 December 28, 2016
  • Fatih Varol
EN TR

The Politics of the Ulama: Understading the Influential Role of the Ulama in Iran

Abstract

Although the ulama have lost their traditional roles in many parts of

the Islamic world as a result of the modernization process of the social and

political structure, the Iranian ulama not only have played a pivotal role in

many important events in the recent history of Iran, but also emerged as

the most powerful socio-political class since the Iranian revolution of

1979. In this article, I aim to understand major factors that facilitate the

development of the ulama as the most powerful political actor in Iranian

polity. Drawing on the analysis of two highly crucial historical events (the

Constitutional Revolution and the Iranian Revolution of 1979), I point out

four major factors for the development of an influential ulama class: The

reconstruction of Shi’i Islam for the rule of the ulama in the absence of the

Hidden Imam, the political and economic independence of the ulama from

the state, the close relationship between the ulama and the urban middle

class, and the weakness of the central governments.

Keywords

References

  1. Abrahamian, Ervand, Iran between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press, 1982.
  2. Abrahamian, Ervand, "The Causes of the Constitutional Revolution in Iran." International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 10, no. 03, 1979, p, 381- 414.
  3. Abrahamian, Ervand, "The Crowd in Iranian Politics 1905-1953." Past & Present, no. 41, 1968, p. 184-210.
  4. Abrahamian, Ervand, A History of Modern Iran. Cambridge University Press, 2008.
  5. Akhavi, Shahrough. "Contending Discourses in Shici Law on the Doctrine of Wilayat Al-Faqih." Iranian Studies, Vol. 29, no. 3-4, 1996, p. 229-68.
  6. Faghfoory, Mohammad H. "The Ulama–State Relations in Iran: 1921–1941." International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 19, no. 04, 1987, p. 413- 32.
  7. Farhi, Farideh. "Crafting a National Identity Amidst Contentious Politics in Contemporary Iran." Iranian Studies, Vol. 38, no. 1, 2005, p. 7-22.
  8. Farzaneh, M.M., The Iranian Constitutional Revolution and the Clerical Leadership of Khurasani, Syracuse University Press, 2015

Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

-

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Fatih Varol This is me
İstanbul Üniveristesi
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 28, 2016

Submission Date

October 1, 2016

Acceptance Date

November 13, 2016

Published in Issue

Year 2016 Volume: 13 Number: 2

APA
Varol, F. (2016). Ulemanın Siyaseti: İran’da Ulemanın Etkin Rolünü Anlamak. Milel Ve Nihal, 13(2), 129-152. https://doi.org/10.17131/milel.284850
AMA
1.Varol F. Ulemanın Siyaseti: İran’da Ulemanın Etkin Rolünü Anlamak. Milel ve Nihal. 2016;13(2):129-152. doi:10.17131/milel.284850
Chicago
Varol, Fatih. 2016. “Ulemanın Siyaseti: İran’da Ulemanın Etkin Rolünü Anlamak”. Milel Ve Nihal 13 (2): 129-52. https://doi.org/10.17131/milel.284850.
EndNote
Varol F (December 1, 2016) Ulemanın Siyaseti: İran’da Ulemanın Etkin Rolünü Anlamak. Milel ve Nihal 13 2 129–152.
IEEE
[1]F. Varol, “Ulemanın Siyaseti: İran’da Ulemanın Etkin Rolünü Anlamak”, Milel ve Nihal, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 129–152, Dec. 2016, doi: 10.17131/milel.284850.
ISNAD
Varol, Fatih. “Ulemanın Siyaseti: İran’da Ulemanın Etkin Rolünü Anlamak”. Milel ve Nihal 13/2 (December 1, 2016): 129-152. https://doi.org/10.17131/milel.284850.
JAMA
1.Varol F. Ulemanın Siyaseti: İran’da Ulemanın Etkin Rolünü Anlamak. Milel ve Nihal. 2016;13:129–152.
MLA
Varol, Fatih. “Ulemanın Siyaseti: İran’da Ulemanın Etkin Rolünü Anlamak”. Milel Ve Nihal, vol. 13, no. 2, Dec. 2016, pp. 129-52, doi:10.17131/milel.284850.
Vancouver
1.Fatih Varol. Ulemanın Siyaseti: İran’da Ulemanın Etkin Rolünü Anlamak. Milel ve Nihal. 2016 Dec. 1;13(2):129-52. doi:10.17131/milel.284850

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