Tarihsel Eleştiri ve Kutsal Metnin Otoritesi: 17. ve 18. Yüzyılda Kutsal Kitap Eleştirisi ile Metne Sadakat Arasındaki Gerilim Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Abstract

Bu makale, on yedinci ve on sekizinci yüzyılda tarihsel eleştirinin verilerine değil, bu dönemlerdeki eleştirel çalışmalar ile metne sadakat arasındaki gerilime odaklanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda yazıda, tarihsel-eleştirel çalışmalar ile kutsal metnin otoritesi arasındaki ilişkinin boyutları ele alınmaktadır. Makalede dönemin önemli eleştirmenlerinin kutsal metnin otoritesini büyük oranda reddetmedikleri, bilakis eleştirel bilim karşısında otoritesi sarsılan metne, modern kültür içinde bir uyum sorunu olarak farklı bir otorite sağ-lamaya çalıştıkları varsayılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda ilgili ilahiyatçıların inanç ve kutsal metin ile modern eleştirilerin verileri arasında bağ kurmaya çalışan nasıl bir teoloji geliştirdiklerini göstermek amaçlanmaktadır. Bu yüzden makale, her ne kadar doğrudan Kitab-ı Mukaddes üzerine olsa bile, dolaylı bir biçimde son dönem İslam dünyasında hadislerin otoritesine dair tartışmaların içeriği konusunda muhtemel ipuçları barındırması dolayısıyla önem arz etmektedir. İslam dünyasında hadislerin geleneksel otoritesine dair tartışmalara aşina olan bir okur, bu tür tartışmaların Kitabı-ı Mukaddes ile benzerliğini fark etmekte zorlanmayacaktır.

Keywords

• Tarihsel Eleştiri,Kitab-ı Mukaddes,Kutsal Kitabın Otoritesi,Kutsal Kitap Eleştirisi

Historical Criticism and the Authority of Scripture: A Study on the Tension Between Biblical Criticism and Faithfulness to the Scripture in the 17th and 18th Centuries

Abstract

This article focuses on the tension between critical studies and faithfulness to the Scripture rather than the findings of historical criticism in the seven-teenth and eighteenth centuries. In this context, the dimensions of the rela-tionship between historical-critical studies and the authority of the Scrip-ture are discussed in the article. In the paper, it is assumed that the major critics of this period did not largely reject the authority of the Scripture, but rather they tried to provide with a different authority as a problem of harmony within the modern culture in the face of critical studies. In this context, it is aimed to show what kind of theology did they develop, which tries to make a connection between faith and the Bible and the findings of modern biblical studies. Therefore, although the article is directly about the Bible, it is indirectly important for it contains possible clues about the con-tent of the discussions about the authority of the Hadiths in the Muslim world.

Keywords

• Historical Criticism,Bible,Biblical Authority,Biblical Criticism

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