Habad-Lubaviç Hasidiliğinin Ortaya Çıkışı ve Küresel Bir Harekete Dönüşümü

Year 2022, Volume: 19 Issue: 2, 187 - 223, 31.12.2022

Fatih Memiç

https://doi.org/10.17131/milel.1111275

Abstract

18. yüzyılda günümüz Polonya-Ukrayna’sında ortaya çıkan Hasidizm çeşitli zaddik aileleri vasıtasıyla gelişimini sürdürmüş ve bu zaddik çeşitliliği farklı hareketleri ortaya çıkartmıştır. Rusya’da ortaya çıkan Habad-Lubaviç de bunlardan biridir. Misyon faaliyetleriyle ezoterik öğretiyi anlaşılır ve uygulanabilir kılma düşüncesi hareketin karakteristik özelliğidir. Hasidizm içi mücadele, Mitnagdim’in ve Rusların baskısı, Siyonizm’in ortaya çıkışı, Amerika’ya göç ve Yahudi kimlik mücadelesi hareketin karakterini ve stratejisini belirleyen temel unsurlar olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Habad-Lubaviç’in tarih sahnesine çıkışı, diğerlerinden ayrılışı ve küresel bir organizasyona dönüşümündeki kritik eşikler araştırmanın ortaya koymaya çalıştığı ana hedeftir.

Keywords

Habad, Lubaviç, Hasidizm, Misyon, Zaddik, Mesih

The Emergence of the Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidism and Its Transformation into a Global Movement

Abstract

This study deals with Chabad-Lubavitch, one of Russia’s essential representatives of the Hasidic tradition, which emerged in the 18th century in the region covering today's Poland and Ukraine. The idea of making esoteric teaching understandable and applicable through mission activities is the characteristic feature of the movement. The struggle within Hasidism, the oppression of Mitnagdim and the Russians, the emergence of Zionism, immigration to America and the struggle for Jewish identity are the main elements that determine the character and strategy of the movement. All movement leaders have worked to achieve messianic salvation, and this struggle is still carried on by its members. Chabad-Lubavitch operates with the motto of keeping the Jewish identity, tradition and heritage alive and ensuring its continuity worldwide. The emergence of Chabad-Lubavitch, which is defined as a missionary movement in the sense of conveying the orders and prohibitions of religion to the Jews, its historical course from the beginning to the present, its differences from other Hasidic traditions, the breaking points that affect the process in the transformation from a local to a global movement and the formation of mission activities are the main goal that the research seeks to reveal.

Keywords

Chabad, Lubavitch, Hasidism, Mission, Tsaddik, Messiah

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