Research Article
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COVID-19 DÖNEMİNDE SANAL SINIFLARDA ÖĞRETMENLERİN KARŞILAŞTIKLARI SINIF YÖNETİMİ SORUNLARI

Year 2020, , 201 - 230, 29.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.791453

Abstract

Bu araştırmada, COVID-19 pandemisi döneminde öğretmenlerin sanal sınıflardaki derslerde yaşadıkları sınıf yönetimi sorunlarının ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Kesitsel tarama desenindeki araştırmaya çeşitli kademelerde görev yapan 381 öğretmen katılmıştır. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan çevrimiçi veri toplama formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde, kapalı uçlu sorulara ilişkin betimsel istatistikler sunulmuş; açık uçlu soruların analizinde ise nitel veri analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öğretmenlerin en yoğun olarak fiziksel düzen boyutunun donanım, yazılım bileşenleri ve plan-program etkinlikleri boyutunun öğretimin değerlendirilmesi bileşenlerinde sorun yaşadıkları görülmüştür. Öğretmenlerin deneyimledikleri sorunlardan bazıları dış ortam gürültüsü, internet bağlantısı, derse erişim, dijital içerik yetersizliği, etkileşim eksikliği, kısa ders süresi, ses iletimi, gizlilik ve güvenlik ve yazılımın uygun olmayan kullanımı gibi konularda kümelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları doğrultusunda uygulayıcılara ve araştırmacılara bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.

References

  • AKKUŞ, İ. ve Acar, S. (2017). Eş zamanlı öğrenme ortamlarında karşılaşılan teknik sorunların öğretici ve öğrenen üzerindeki etkisini belirlemeye yönelik bir araştırma İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(3), 363-376. doi:10.17679/inuefd.340479
  • ASMARA, R. (2020). Teaching english in a virtual classroom using whatsapp during COVID-19 pandemic. Language and Education Journal, 5(1), 16-27.
  • BAŞAR, H. (2016). Sınıf Yönetimi (20. baskı). Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
  • BOWER, M. (2011). Synchronous collaboration competencies in web‐conferencing environments – their impact on the learning process. Distance Education, 32(1), 63-83. doi:10.1080/01587919.2011.565502
  • BOZKURT, A., Jung, I., Xiao, J., Vladimirschi, V., Schuwer, R., Egorov, G., . . . Paskevicius, M. (2020). A global outlook to the interruption of education due to COVID-19 pandemic: Navigating in a time of uncertainty and crisis. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 1-126.
  • BOZKURT, A. ve Sharma, R. C. (2020). Emergency remote teaching in a time of global crisis due to coronavirus pandemic. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), i-vi.
  • CAPLAN, D. ve Graham, R. (2008). The development of online courses. T. Anderson (Ed.), The theory and practice of online learning (2. baskı, ss. 245-263) içinde. Edmonton, AB: Athabasca University.
  • CHRISTOPHER, D. (2014). The successful virtual classroom : How to design and facilitate interactive and engaging live online learning. New York, NY: Amacom.
  • CLARK, R. C. ve Kwinn, A. (2007). The new virtual classroom: Evidence-based guidelines for synchronous e-learning. San Francisco, CA: Pfeiffer.
  • CORNELIUS, S. (2014). Facilitating in a demanding environment: Experiences of teaching in virtual classrooms using web conferencing. British Journal of Educational Technology, 45(2), 260-271. doi:10.1111/bjet.12016
  • CRESWELL, J. W. (2012). Educational research : Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4. baskı). Boston, MA: Pearson.
  • DIAS, M. d. O., Lopes, R. d. O. A. ve Teles, A. C. (2020). Will virtual replace classroom teaching? Lessons from virtual classes via ZOOM in the times of COVID-19. Journal of Advances in Education and Philosophy, 4(5), 208-213. doi:10.36348/jaep.2020.v04i05.004
  • ELKINS, D. ve Pinder, D. (2015). E-learning fundamentals : A practical guide. Alexandria, VA: ATD.
  • EMMER, E. T. ve Stough, L. M. (2001). Classroom management: A critical part of educational psychology, with implications for teacher education, Educational Psychologist, 36(2), 103-112.
  • FINKELSTEIN, J. E. (2013). Learning in real time: Synchronous teaching and learning online. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
  • FRAENKEL, J. R., Wallen, N. E. ve Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (8. baskı). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
  • FREIBERG, H. J., Stein, T. A. ve Huang, S. Y. (1995). Effects of a classroom management intervention on student achievement in inner‐city elementary schools. Educational Research and Evaluation, 1(1), 36-66.
  • GAGE, N. A., Scott, T., Hirn, R. ve MacSuga-Gage, A. S. (2018). The relationship between teachers’ implementation of classroom management practices and student behavior in elementary school. Behavioral Disorders, 43(2), 302-315.
  • GARONCE, F. ve Santos, G. (2010). The web conferencing as a pedagogical tool. A brazilian experience. D. Gibson & B. Dodge (Eds.), SITE 2010--Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference (ss. 498-503)içinde. San Diego, CA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).
  • GIESBERS, B., Rienties, B., Gijselaers, W. H., Segers, M. ve Tempelaar, D. T. (2009). Social presence, web videoconferencing and learning in virtual teams. Industry and Higher Education, 23(4), 301-309. doi:10.5367/000000009789346185
  • HODGES, C., Moore, S., Lockee, B., Trust, T. ve Bond, A. (2020). The difference between emergency remote teaching and online learning. [Erişim Adresi: https://er.educause.edu/articles/2020/3/the-difference-between-emergency-remote-teaching-and-online-learning?fbclid=IwAR2ksitQ3YN3JNEAcEbZVeFM32HysHyu-3Xei1fYavDswCkXOmc8W2ZQMnc] Erişim tarihi: 01.08.2020
  • JOHNSON, A. (2020). Online teaching with ZOOM: A guide for teaching and learning with videoconference platforms. Aaron Johnson.
  • KAYIKÇI, K. (2009). The effect of classroom management skills of elementary school teachers on undesirable discipline behaviour of students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1(1), 1215-1225.
  • KEAR, K., Chetwynd, F., Williams, J. ve Donelan, H. (2012). Web conferencing for synchronous online tutorials: Perspectives of tutors using a new medium. Computers & Education, 58(3), 953-963. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.10.015
  • KO, S. S. ve Rossen, S. (2017). Teaching online : A practical guide (4. baskı). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • KORPERSHOEK, H., Harms, T., de Boer, H., van Kuijk, M. ve Doolaard, S. (2016). A meta-analysis of the effects of classroom management strategies and classroom management programs on students’ academic, behavioral, emotional, and motivational outcomes. Review of Educational Research, 86(3), 643-680.
  • KUNTER, M., Baumert, J. ve Köller, O. (2007). Effective classroom management and the development of subject-related interest. Learning and instruction, 17(5), 494-509.
  • LOCH, B. ve Reushle, S. (2008). The practice of web conferencing: Where are we now? Hello! Where are you in the landscape of educational technology?ASCILITE 2008 (ss. 562-571) içinde. Melbourne, Avustralya. [Erişim Adresi: http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/melbourne08/procs/loch.pdf] Erişim Adresi: 05.08.2020
  • LYNCH, M. M. (2004). Learning Online: A guide to success in the virtual classroom. New York, NY: RoutledgeFalmer.
  • MCDANIELS, M., Pfund, C. ve Barnicle, K. (2016). Creating dynamic learning communities in synchronous online courses: One approach from the center for the integration of research, teaching and learning (CIRTL). Online Learning, 20(1), 110-129. doi:10.24059/olj.v20i1.518
  • MEB (2020a). Bakan Selçuk, Koronavirüs'e karşı eğitim alanında alınan tedbirleri açıkladı. [Erişim Adresi:https://www.meb.gov.tr/bakan-selcuk-koronaviruse-karsi-egitim-alaninda-alinan-tedbirleri-acikladi/haber/20497/tr] Erişim Tarihi: 01.08.2020
  • MEB. (2020b). Türkiye uzaktan eğitim istatistikleriyle dijital dünyanın listelerini zorladı. [Erişim Adresi: http://www.meb.gov.tr/turkiye-uzaktan-egitim-istatistikleriyle-dijital-dunyanin-listelerini-zorladi/haber/21158/tr] Erişim Tarihi: 01.08.2020
  • MILES, M. B. ve Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook (2. baskı). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • MOHAN, G., McCoy, S., Carroll, E., Mihut, G., Lyons, S. ve Domhnaill, C. M. (2020). Learning for all? Second-level education in Ireland during COVID-19. ESRI Survey and Statistical Report Series Number 92.
  • MOORE, M. G. (1997). Theory of transactional distance. D. Keegan (Ed.), Theoretical principles of distance education (ss. 20-35) içinde. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • NEUWIRTH, L. S., Jović, S. ve Mukherji, B. R. (2020). Reimagining higher education during and post-COVID-19: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Adult and Continuing Education. doi:10.1177/1477971420947738
  • NG, K. C. (2007). Replacing face-to-face tutorials by synchronous online technologies: Challenges and pedagogical implications. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 8(1), 1-15. doi:10.19173/irrodl.v8i1.335
  • OLIVER, R. M., Wehby, J. H. ve Reschly, D. J. (2011). Teacher classroom management practices: Effects on disruptive or aggressive student behavior. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 7(1), 1-55.
  • PALLOFF, R. M. ve Pratt, K. (2013). Lessons from the virtual classroom : The realities of online teaching (2. baskı). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass
  • PHELPS, A. ve Vlachopoulos, D. (2020). Successful transition to synchronous learning environments in distance education: A research on entry-level synchronous facilitator competencies. Education and Information Technologies, 25(3), 1511-1527. doi:10.1007/s10639-019-09989-x
  • ROACHE, J. ve Lewis, R. (2011). Teachers’ views on the impact of classroom management on student responsibility. Australian Journal of Education, 55(2), 132–146.
  • UNESCO. (2020a). School closures caused by coronavirus (COVID-19). [Erişim Adresi: https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse] Erişim Tarihi: 15.08.2020
  • UNESCO. (2020b). National learning platforms and tools. [Erişim Adresi: https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse/nationalresponses] Erişim Tarihi: 01.08.2020
  • WANG, S.-K. ve Hsu, H.-Y. (2008). Use of the webinar tool (elluminate) to support training: The effects of webinar-learning implementation from student-trainers’ perspective. Journal of Interactive Online Learning, 7(3), 175-194.
  • WARD, M. E., Peters, G. ve Shelley, K. (2010). Student and faculty perceptions of the quality of online learning experiences. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 11(3), 57-77. doi:10.19173/irrodl.v11i3.867
  • WHO. (2020). Timeline: Who's COVID-19 response. [Erişim Adresi: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/interactive-timeline#] Erişim Tarihi: 01.08.2020
  • YEĞİTEK (2020). 70891843-481.05-E.6406175 sayılı, Sanal Sınıf Uygulamaları konulu resmî yazı.
  • YILMAZ, E., Güner, B., Mutlu, H., Doğanay, G. ve Yılmaz, D. (2020). Veli algısına göre pandemi dönemi uzaktan eğitim sürecinin niteliği. Konya: Palet.
Year 2020, , 201 - 230, 29.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.791453

Abstract

References

  • AKKUŞ, İ. ve Acar, S. (2017). Eş zamanlı öğrenme ortamlarında karşılaşılan teknik sorunların öğretici ve öğrenen üzerindeki etkisini belirlemeye yönelik bir araştırma İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(3), 363-376. doi:10.17679/inuefd.340479
  • ASMARA, R. (2020). Teaching english in a virtual classroom using whatsapp during COVID-19 pandemic. Language and Education Journal, 5(1), 16-27.
  • BAŞAR, H. (2016). Sınıf Yönetimi (20. baskı). Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
  • BOWER, M. (2011). Synchronous collaboration competencies in web‐conferencing environments – their impact on the learning process. Distance Education, 32(1), 63-83. doi:10.1080/01587919.2011.565502
  • BOZKURT, A., Jung, I., Xiao, J., Vladimirschi, V., Schuwer, R., Egorov, G., . . . Paskevicius, M. (2020). A global outlook to the interruption of education due to COVID-19 pandemic: Navigating in a time of uncertainty and crisis. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 1-126.
  • BOZKURT, A. ve Sharma, R. C. (2020). Emergency remote teaching in a time of global crisis due to coronavirus pandemic. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), i-vi.
  • CAPLAN, D. ve Graham, R. (2008). The development of online courses. T. Anderson (Ed.), The theory and practice of online learning (2. baskı, ss. 245-263) içinde. Edmonton, AB: Athabasca University.
  • CHRISTOPHER, D. (2014). The successful virtual classroom : How to design and facilitate interactive and engaging live online learning. New York, NY: Amacom.
  • CLARK, R. C. ve Kwinn, A. (2007). The new virtual classroom: Evidence-based guidelines for synchronous e-learning. San Francisco, CA: Pfeiffer.
  • CORNELIUS, S. (2014). Facilitating in a demanding environment: Experiences of teaching in virtual classrooms using web conferencing. British Journal of Educational Technology, 45(2), 260-271. doi:10.1111/bjet.12016
  • CRESWELL, J. W. (2012). Educational research : Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4. baskı). Boston, MA: Pearson.
  • DIAS, M. d. O., Lopes, R. d. O. A. ve Teles, A. C. (2020). Will virtual replace classroom teaching? Lessons from virtual classes via ZOOM in the times of COVID-19. Journal of Advances in Education and Philosophy, 4(5), 208-213. doi:10.36348/jaep.2020.v04i05.004
  • ELKINS, D. ve Pinder, D. (2015). E-learning fundamentals : A practical guide. Alexandria, VA: ATD.
  • EMMER, E. T. ve Stough, L. M. (2001). Classroom management: A critical part of educational psychology, with implications for teacher education, Educational Psychologist, 36(2), 103-112.
  • FINKELSTEIN, J. E. (2013). Learning in real time: Synchronous teaching and learning online. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
  • FRAENKEL, J. R., Wallen, N. E. ve Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (8. baskı). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
  • FREIBERG, H. J., Stein, T. A. ve Huang, S. Y. (1995). Effects of a classroom management intervention on student achievement in inner‐city elementary schools. Educational Research and Evaluation, 1(1), 36-66.
  • GAGE, N. A., Scott, T., Hirn, R. ve MacSuga-Gage, A. S. (2018). The relationship between teachers’ implementation of classroom management practices and student behavior in elementary school. Behavioral Disorders, 43(2), 302-315.
  • GARONCE, F. ve Santos, G. (2010). The web conferencing as a pedagogical tool. A brazilian experience. D. Gibson & B. Dodge (Eds.), SITE 2010--Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference (ss. 498-503)içinde. San Diego, CA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).
  • GIESBERS, B., Rienties, B., Gijselaers, W. H., Segers, M. ve Tempelaar, D. T. (2009). Social presence, web videoconferencing and learning in virtual teams. Industry and Higher Education, 23(4), 301-309. doi:10.5367/000000009789346185
  • HODGES, C., Moore, S., Lockee, B., Trust, T. ve Bond, A. (2020). The difference between emergency remote teaching and online learning. [Erişim Adresi: https://er.educause.edu/articles/2020/3/the-difference-between-emergency-remote-teaching-and-online-learning?fbclid=IwAR2ksitQ3YN3JNEAcEbZVeFM32HysHyu-3Xei1fYavDswCkXOmc8W2ZQMnc] Erişim tarihi: 01.08.2020
  • JOHNSON, A. (2020). Online teaching with ZOOM: A guide for teaching and learning with videoconference platforms. Aaron Johnson.
  • KAYIKÇI, K. (2009). The effect of classroom management skills of elementary school teachers on undesirable discipline behaviour of students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1(1), 1215-1225.
  • KEAR, K., Chetwynd, F., Williams, J. ve Donelan, H. (2012). Web conferencing for synchronous online tutorials: Perspectives of tutors using a new medium. Computers & Education, 58(3), 953-963. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.10.015
  • KO, S. S. ve Rossen, S. (2017). Teaching online : A practical guide (4. baskı). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • KORPERSHOEK, H., Harms, T., de Boer, H., van Kuijk, M. ve Doolaard, S. (2016). A meta-analysis of the effects of classroom management strategies and classroom management programs on students’ academic, behavioral, emotional, and motivational outcomes. Review of Educational Research, 86(3), 643-680.
  • KUNTER, M., Baumert, J. ve Köller, O. (2007). Effective classroom management and the development of subject-related interest. Learning and instruction, 17(5), 494-509.
  • LOCH, B. ve Reushle, S. (2008). The practice of web conferencing: Where are we now? Hello! Where are you in the landscape of educational technology?ASCILITE 2008 (ss. 562-571) içinde. Melbourne, Avustralya. [Erişim Adresi: http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/melbourne08/procs/loch.pdf] Erişim Adresi: 05.08.2020
  • LYNCH, M. M. (2004). Learning Online: A guide to success in the virtual classroom. New York, NY: RoutledgeFalmer.
  • MCDANIELS, M., Pfund, C. ve Barnicle, K. (2016). Creating dynamic learning communities in synchronous online courses: One approach from the center for the integration of research, teaching and learning (CIRTL). Online Learning, 20(1), 110-129. doi:10.24059/olj.v20i1.518
  • MEB (2020a). Bakan Selçuk, Koronavirüs'e karşı eğitim alanında alınan tedbirleri açıkladı. [Erişim Adresi:https://www.meb.gov.tr/bakan-selcuk-koronaviruse-karsi-egitim-alaninda-alinan-tedbirleri-acikladi/haber/20497/tr] Erişim Tarihi: 01.08.2020
  • MEB. (2020b). Türkiye uzaktan eğitim istatistikleriyle dijital dünyanın listelerini zorladı. [Erişim Adresi: http://www.meb.gov.tr/turkiye-uzaktan-egitim-istatistikleriyle-dijital-dunyanin-listelerini-zorladi/haber/21158/tr] Erişim Tarihi: 01.08.2020
  • MILES, M. B. ve Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook (2. baskı). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • MOHAN, G., McCoy, S., Carroll, E., Mihut, G., Lyons, S. ve Domhnaill, C. M. (2020). Learning for all? Second-level education in Ireland during COVID-19. ESRI Survey and Statistical Report Series Number 92.
  • MOORE, M. G. (1997). Theory of transactional distance. D. Keegan (Ed.), Theoretical principles of distance education (ss. 20-35) içinde. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • NEUWIRTH, L. S., Jović, S. ve Mukherji, B. R. (2020). Reimagining higher education during and post-COVID-19: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Adult and Continuing Education. doi:10.1177/1477971420947738
  • NG, K. C. (2007). Replacing face-to-face tutorials by synchronous online technologies: Challenges and pedagogical implications. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 8(1), 1-15. doi:10.19173/irrodl.v8i1.335
  • OLIVER, R. M., Wehby, J. H. ve Reschly, D. J. (2011). Teacher classroom management practices: Effects on disruptive or aggressive student behavior. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 7(1), 1-55.
  • PALLOFF, R. M. ve Pratt, K. (2013). Lessons from the virtual classroom : The realities of online teaching (2. baskı). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass
  • PHELPS, A. ve Vlachopoulos, D. (2020). Successful transition to synchronous learning environments in distance education: A research on entry-level synchronous facilitator competencies. Education and Information Technologies, 25(3), 1511-1527. doi:10.1007/s10639-019-09989-x
  • ROACHE, J. ve Lewis, R. (2011). Teachers’ views on the impact of classroom management on student responsibility. Australian Journal of Education, 55(2), 132–146.
  • UNESCO. (2020a). School closures caused by coronavirus (COVID-19). [Erişim Adresi: https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse] Erişim Tarihi: 15.08.2020
  • UNESCO. (2020b). National learning platforms and tools. [Erişim Adresi: https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse/nationalresponses] Erişim Tarihi: 01.08.2020
  • WANG, S.-K. ve Hsu, H.-Y. (2008). Use of the webinar tool (elluminate) to support training: The effects of webinar-learning implementation from student-trainers’ perspective. Journal of Interactive Online Learning, 7(3), 175-194.
  • WARD, M. E., Peters, G. ve Shelley, K. (2010). Student and faculty perceptions of the quality of online learning experiences. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 11(3), 57-77. doi:10.19173/irrodl.v11i3.867
  • WHO. (2020). Timeline: Who's COVID-19 response. [Erişim Adresi: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/interactive-timeline#] Erişim Tarihi: 01.08.2020
  • YEĞİTEK (2020). 70891843-481.05-E.6406175 sayılı, Sanal Sınıf Uygulamaları konulu resmî yazı.
  • YILMAZ, E., Güner, B., Mutlu, H., Doğanay, G. ve Yılmaz, D. (2020). Veli algısına göre pandemi dönemi uzaktan eğitim sürecinin niteliği. Konya: Palet.
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Yaser Arslan 0000-0001-6625-6066

Evren Şumuer 0000-0002-5345-8555

Publication Date December 29, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020

Cite

APA Arslan, Y., & Şumuer, E. (2020). COVID-19 DÖNEMİNDE SANAL SINIFLARDA ÖĞRETMENLERİN KARŞILAŞTIKLARI SINIF YÖNETİMİ SORUNLARI. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 49(1), 201-230. https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.791453

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