Research Article

Analysis of Turkey's Demographic and Social Structure Using PCA And K-Means Clustering

Volume: 15 Number: 1 January 16, 2026
TR EN

Analysis of Turkey's Demographic and Social Structure Using PCA And K-Means Clustering

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the demographic and socioeconomic inequalities in the provinces by taking advantage of Turkey's unique location and complex society and comprehensively analyzing the demographic and socioeconomic structure of the provinces in Turkey. A multidimensional data set containing the data of 81 provinces between 2010 and 2022, provided as open data by TUIK (Turkish Statistical Institute) for the purpose, uses advanced data such as Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K-Means clustering. Were examined using data analysis techniques. The study discussed fundamental socioeconomic indicators such as internal migration, population growth, foreign population density, and divorce rates. The analysis results reveal significant differences between cities regarding migration patterns, population growth rate, and socioeconomic characteristics. PCA and cluster analysis provided a more detailed understanding of these differences by grouping towns according to their demographic and socioeconomic profiles. The study provides essential information regarding Turkey's population dynamics and social fabric, developing effective local and national policies and strengthening social cohesion. Looking at the results, it was revealed that some precautions should be taken. Particular attention should be given to urban planning, education, health, and social services, considering the multidimensional structure of demographic and socioeconomic profiles. In regions with intense migration flows, priority should be given to strengthening social services, increasing economic opportunities, and developing integration policies. The population growth rate is low or negative. Measures to encourage population growth and strategies to support economic development should be implemented in the regions where it is located.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

Scientific rules, ethics, and citation rules were followed during the writing process of the study titled "Analysis of Turkey's Demographic And Social Structure Using Pca And K-Means Clustering." There was no tampering with the data collected, and this study was not sent to any other academic publication environment for evaluation.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Econometric and Statistical Methods, Social Demography

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

January 16, 2026

Submission Date

May 9, 2024

Acceptance Date

December 8, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 15 Number: 1

APA
Ayberkin, D., & Sebetci, Ö. (2026). Analysis of Turkey’s Demographic and Social Structure Using PCA And K-Means Clustering. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 15(1), 146-166. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1481386
AMA
1.Ayberkin D, Sebetci Ö. Analysis of Turkey’s Demographic and Social Structure Using PCA And K-Means Clustering. MJSS. 2026;15(1):146-166. doi:10.33206/mjss.1481386
Chicago
Ayberkin, Doruk, and Özel Sebetci. 2026. “Analysis of Turkey’s Demographic and Social Structure Using PCA And K-Means Clustering”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 15 (1): 146-66. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1481386.
EndNote
Ayberkin D, Sebetci Ö (January 1, 2026) Analysis of Turkey’s Demographic and Social Structure Using PCA And K-Means Clustering. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 15 1 146–166.
IEEE
[1]D. Ayberkin and Ö. Sebetci, “Analysis of Turkey’s Demographic and Social Structure Using PCA And K-Means Clustering”, MJSS, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 146–166, Jan. 2026, doi: 10.33206/mjss.1481386.
ISNAD
Ayberkin, Doruk - Sebetci, Özel. “Analysis of Turkey’s Demographic and Social Structure Using PCA And K-Means Clustering”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 15/1 (January 1, 2026): 146-166. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1481386.
JAMA
1.Ayberkin D, Sebetci Ö. Analysis of Turkey’s Demographic and Social Structure Using PCA And K-Means Clustering. MJSS. 2026;15:146–166.
MLA
Ayberkin, Doruk, and Özel Sebetci. “Analysis of Turkey’s Demographic and Social Structure Using PCA And K-Means Clustering”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, vol. 15, no. 1, Jan. 2026, pp. 146-6, doi:10.33206/mjss.1481386.
Vancouver
1.Doruk Ayberkin, Özel Sebetci. Analysis of Turkey’s Demographic and Social Structure Using PCA And K-Means Clustering. MJSS. 2026 Jan. 1;15(1):146-6. doi:10.33206/mjss.1481386

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