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THE EFFECT OF PERCEIVED SOCIAL LOAFING ON THE TENDENCY OF CONFLICT IN ORGANISATIONS

Year 2018, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 259 - 275, 01.04.2018

Abstract

The purpose of this study is; to determine the levels of perceived social loafing and the employees’ tendency of conflict and to investigate whether there is a meaningful relationship between the perception of social loafing and conflict tendency. Thus, if there is a meaningful relationship, the aim is to determine the impact of the perception of social loafing on the conflict tendency and to examine whether the social loafing perception of the employees changes significantly according to various factors. The data were obtained from 200 active employees in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Karabük by questionnaires. The obtained data were evaluated by SPSS program and analyzed by reliability, frequency, correlation, simple linear regression, Independent Sample T test and One-Way ANOVA. As a result of the analyzes; a moderate level significant positive relationship was found between social loafing perception and conflict tendency, and it was determined that 23.8% of the change in the tendency of conflict could be explained by the change in the perception of social loafing and 1 unit increase in the employees’ perception of the social loafing towards other employees, leads to a 1.018-unit increase in the tendency of conflict. The result of difference analyzes demonstrated that social loafing perception did not show any significant difference according to sex, age, income level and duration of work experience, but showed a significant difference according to education level and field of sector. Therefore; it was determined that social loafing perception is at the highest level in the fields of Electricity, Gas, Steam and Air Conditioning Production and Distribution and in associate degree graduates

References

  • Akgündüz, Y., Akdağ, G., Güler, O. & Sünnetçioğlu, S. (2014). İşten Ayrılma Niyeti ve Aşırı Rol Yükünün Otel Çalışanlarının Sosyal Aylaklık Davranışlarına Etkisi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16(4), 515-536.
  • Alam, K., Ali, A., Ali, N. & Zaman, G. (2014). Organizational Justice, Task Enjoyment, Leadership style and Organizational Culture as Strategies for Reduction of Social Loafing. Abasyn University Journal of Social Sciences, 7(1), 77-99.
  • Bruk-Leea, V., Nixonb, A. E. & Spectorc, P. E. (2013). An Expanded Typology Of Conflict At Work: Task, Relationship And Non-Task Organizational Conflict As Social Stressors. Work & Stress, 27(4), 339- 350.
  • Chung, Y. W. (2015). The Mediating Effects of Organizational Conflict on the Relationships Between Workplace Ostracism with in-Role Behavior and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. International Journal of Conflict Management, 26(4), 366-385.
  • Comer, D. R. (1995). A Model Of Social LoaŞng In Real Work Groups. Human Relations, 48(6), 647-667.
  • Dökmen, Ü. (1988). Empatinin Yeni Bir Modele Dayanarak Ölçülmesi ve Psikodrama İle Geliştirilmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(1-2), 155-190.
  • Guetzkow, H. & Gyr, J. (1954). An Analysis of Conflict in Decision-Making Groups. Human Relations, 7(3), 367-381.
  • Harkins, S. G. & Petty, R. E. (1982). Effects of Task Difficulty and Task Uniqueness on Social Loafing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43(6), 1214-1229.
  • Hung, T., Chi, N. & Lu, W. (2009) Exploring the Relationships Between Perceived Coworker LoaŞng and Counterproductive Work Behaviors: The Mediating Role of a Revenge Motive. J Bus Psychol, 24, 257- 270.
  • Ingham, A. G., Levinger, G., Graves, J. & Peckham, V. (1974). The Ringelmann Effect: Studies of Group Size and Group Performance. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 10(4), 371-384.
  • Jackson, J. M. & Williams, K. D. (1985). Social Loafing on Difficult Tasks: Working Collectively Can Improve Performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(4), 937-942.
  • Janssen, O., Vliert, E. V. D. & Veenstra, C. (1999). How Task and Person Conflict Shape the Role of Positive Interdependence in Management Teams. Journal of Management, 25(2), 117-141.
  • Jehn, K. A. & Mannix, E. (2001). The Dynamıc Nature Of Conflict: A Longıtudınal Study of Intragroup Conflict and Group Performance. Academy of Management Journal, 44(2), 238-251.
  • Karadal, H. & Saygın, M. (2013). An Investigation of the Relationship between Social Loafing and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 99, 206 - 215.
  • Karau, S. J. & Williams, K. D. (1993). Social Loafing: A Meta-Analytic Review and Theoretical Integration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(4), 681-706.
  • Kavacık, M., Baltacı, F. & Yıldız, A. (2013). Konaklama İşletmelerinde Örgütsel Çatışma ve Örgütsel Bağlılık Arasındaki İlişkiyi Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Uluslararası Alanya İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(3), 73-85.
  • Khalid, S. & Fatima, I. (2016). Conflict Types And Conflict Management Styles In Public And Private Hospitals. Pak Armed Forces Med J., 66(1), 122-126.
  • Latane, B. Williams, K. & Harkins, S. (1979). Many Hands Make Light the Work: The Causes and Consequences of Social Loafing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37(6), 822-832
  • Lee, P-C., Chen, C-M. & Chou, C-H. (2013). Decreasing Tax Collectors' Perceived Social Loafing through Collaborative Behaviors of Taxpayers. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 24, 1037-1063.
  • McClure, R. E. (2010). The Influence of Organizational Culture and Conflict on Market Orientation. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 25(7), 514-524.
  • Meydan, C. H., Kahraman, Ç. A. & Basar, U. (2014) Social Loafing and Impression Management in an Organizational Context International. Review of Management and Marketing, 4(3), 201-206.
  • Mohd, I. H., Omar, M. K. & Asri, T. N. T. (2016). The Effects of Organizational Conflicts on Team Effectiveness in a Malaysian Statutory Body Institutions. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(7), 150-154.
  • Nischal, S. & Bhalla, G. S. (2014). An Analytical Approach of Cluster Analysis towards Various Manifestations of Organizational Conflict in Public and Private Sector Commercial Banks. SAGE Publications, 18(3), 195-203.
  • Omisore, B. O. & Abiodun, A. R. (2014). Organizational Conflicts: Causes, Effects and Remedies. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 3(6),118-137.
  • Rahim, M. A. (2002). Toward A Theory of Managing Organizational Conflict. The International Journal of Conflict Management, 13(3), 206-235.
  • Schippers, M. C. (2014). Social Loafing Tendencies and Team Performance: The Compensating Effect of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 13(1), 62-81.
  • Schnake, M. (1991). Organizational Citizenship: A Review, Proposed Model, and Research Agenda. Human Relations, 44(7), 735-759.
  • Shepperd, J. A. & Wright, R. A. (1989). Individual Contributions to a Collective Effort An Incentive Analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 15(2), 141-149.
  • Shih, C. H. & Wang, Y. H. (2016). Can Workplace Friendship Reduce Social Loafing?. 10th International Conference on Innovative Mobile and Internet Services in Ubiquitous Computing.
  • Tan, H. & Tan, M. (2008). Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Social Loafing: The Role of Personality, Motives, and Contextual Factors. The Journal of Psychology, 142(1), 89-108.
  • Ülke, H. E. & Bilgiç, R. (2011). Investigating the Role of the Big Five on the Social Loafing of Information Technology Workers. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 19(3), 301-312.
  • Ülke, H. E. (2006). Investigating the Role of Personality and Justice Perceptions on Social Loafing. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ankara: Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • Williams, K. D. & Karau, S. J. (1991). Social Loafing and Social Compensation: the Effects of Expectations of Co-Worker Performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(4), 570-581.
  • Woodman, T., Roberts, R., Hardy, L., Callow. N. & Rogers, C. H. (2011). There Is an “I” in TEAM: Narcissism and Social Loafing. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 82(2), 285-290.

Algılanan Sosyal Kaytarmanın Örgütlerde Çatışma Eğilimine Etkisi

Year 2018, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 259 - 275, 01.04.2018

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı; örgüt ikliminde algılanan sosyal kaytarma düzeylerini ve çalışanların çatışma eğilimini saptamak, sosyal kaytarma algısı ile çatışma eğilimi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olup olmadığını araştırmak, eğer anlamlı bir ilişki var ise sosyal kaytarma algısının çatışma eğilimine etkisini belirlemek ve çalışanların sosyal kaytarma algısının çeşitli faktörlere göre anlamlı bir farklılık gösterip göstermediğini incelemektir. Bu amaca bağlı olarak Karabük ilindeki Küçük ve Orta Ölçekli İşletmelerde aktif olarak faaliyet gösteren 200 çalışandan anket yöntemiyle veri elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu veriler SPSS programı ile değerlendirilmiş, güvenilirlik, frekans, korelasyon, basit doğrusal regresyon, Independent Sample T testi ve OneWay ANOVA ile analiz edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen analizler sonucunda; sosyal kaytarma algısı ile çatışma eğilimi arasında pozitif yönde ve orta düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmış, çalışanların çatışma eğilimindeki değişimin %23,8'ini sosyal kaytarma algısındaki değişimin açıkladığı belirlenmiş, çalışanların diğer çalışanlara yönelik sosyal kaytarma algısındaki 1 birimlik artışın çatışma eğitimi üzerinde 1.018 birimlik bir artışa neden olduğu saptanmıştır. Farklılık analizleri sonucunda; sosyal kaytarma algısının cinsiyete, yaşa, gelir düzeyine ve iş deneyimi süresine göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediği, eğitim düzeyine göre ve faaliyet alanına göre ise anlamlı bir farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Buna göre; sosyal kaytarma algısının Elektrik. Gaz. Buhar ve İklimlendirme Üretimi ve Dağıtımı alanında çalışanlarda ve önlisans mezunlarında en yüksek seviyede olduğu tespit edilmiştir

References

  • Akgündüz, Y., Akdağ, G., Güler, O. & Sünnetçioğlu, S. (2014). İşten Ayrılma Niyeti ve Aşırı Rol Yükünün Otel Çalışanlarının Sosyal Aylaklık Davranışlarına Etkisi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16(4), 515-536.
  • Alam, K., Ali, A., Ali, N. & Zaman, G. (2014). Organizational Justice, Task Enjoyment, Leadership style and Organizational Culture as Strategies for Reduction of Social Loafing. Abasyn University Journal of Social Sciences, 7(1), 77-99.
  • Bruk-Leea, V., Nixonb, A. E. & Spectorc, P. E. (2013). An Expanded Typology Of Conflict At Work: Task, Relationship And Non-Task Organizational Conflict As Social Stressors. Work & Stress, 27(4), 339- 350.
  • Chung, Y. W. (2015). The Mediating Effects of Organizational Conflict on the Relationships Between Workplace Ostracism with in-Role Behavior and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. International Journal of Conflict Management, 26(4), 366-385.
  • Comer, D. R. (1995). A Model Of Social LoaŞng In Real Work Groups. Human Relations, 48(6), 647-667.
  • Dökmen, Ü. (1988). Empatinin Yeni Bir Modele Dayanarak Ölçülmesi ve Psikodrama İle Geliştirilmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(1-2), 155-190.
  • Guetzkow, H. & Gyr, J. (1954). An Analysis of Conflict in Decision-Making Groups. Human Relations, 7(3), 367-381.
  • Harkins, S. G. & Petty, R. E. (1982). Effects of Task Difficulty and Task Uniqueness on Social Loafing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43(6), 1214-1229.
  • Hung, T., Chi, N. & Lu, W. (2009) Exploring the Relationships Between Perceived Coworker LoaŞng and Counterproductive Work Behaviors: The Mediating Role of a Revenge Motive. J Bus Psychol, 24, 257- 270.
  • Ingham, A. G., Levinger, G., Graves, J. & Peckham, V. (1974). The Ringelmann Effect: Studies of Group Size and Group Performance. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 10(4), 371-384.
  • Jackson, J. M. & Williams, K. D. (1985). Social Loafing on Difficult Tasks: Working Collectively Can Improve Performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(4), 937-942.
  • Janssen, O., Vliert, E. V. D. & Veenstra, C. (1999). How Task and Person Conflict Shape the Role of Positive Interdependence in Management Teams. Journal of Management, 25(2), 117-141.
  • Jehn, K. A. & Mannix, E. (2001). The Dynamıc Nature Of Conflict: A Longıtudınal Study of Intragroup Conflict and Group Performance. Academy of Management Journal, 44(2), 238-251.
  • Karadal, H. & Saygın, M. (2013). An Investigation of the Relationship between Social Loafing and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 99, 206 - 215.
  • Karau, S. J. & Williams, K. D. (1993). Social Loafing: A Meta-Analytic Review and Theoretical Integration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(4), 681-706.
  • Kavacık, M., Baltacı, F. & Yıldız, A. (2013). Konaklama İşletmelerinde Örgütsel Çatışma ve Örgütsel Bağlılık Arasındaki İlişkiyi Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Uluslararası Alanya İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(3), 73-85.
  • Khalid, S. & Fatima, I. (2016). Conflict Types And Conflict Management Styles In Public And Private Hospitals. Pak Armed Forces Med J., 66(1), 122-126.
  • Latane, B. Williams, K. & Harkins, S. (1979). Many Hands Make Light the Work: The Causes and Consequences of Social Loafing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37(6), 822-832
  • Lee, P-C., Chen, C-M. & Chou, C-H. (2013). Decreasing Tax Collectors' Perceived Social Loafing through Collaborative Behaviors of Taxpayers. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 24, 1037-1063.
  • McClure, R. E. (2010). The Influence of Organizational Culture and Conflict on Market Orientation. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 25(7), 514-524.
  • Meydan, C. H., Kahraman, Ç. A. & Basar, U. (2014) Social Loafing and Impression Management in an Organizational Context International. Review of Management and Marketing, 4(3), 201-206.
  • Mohd, I. H., Omar, M. K. & Asri, T. N. T. (2016). The Effects of Organizational Conflicts on Team Effectiveness in a Malaysian Statutory Body Institutions. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(7), 150-154.
  • Nischal, S. & Bhalla, G. S. (2014). An Analytical Approach of Cluster Analysis towards Various Manifestations of Organizational Conflict in Public and Private Sector Commercial Banks. SAGE Publications, 18(3), 195-203.
  • Omisore, B. O. & Abiodun, A. R. (2014). Organizational Conflicts: Causes, Effects and Remedies. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 3(6),118-137.
  • Rahim, M. A. (2002). Toward A Theory of Managing Organizational Conflict. The International Journal of Conflict Management, 13(3), 206-235.
  • Schippers, M. C. (2014). Social Loafing Tendencies and Team Performance: The Compensating Effect of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 13(1), 62-81.
  • Schnake, M. (1991). Organizational Citizenship: A Review, Proposed Model, and Research Agenda. Human Relations, 44(7), 735-759.
  • Shepperd, J. A. & Wright, R. A. (1989). Individual Contributions to a Collective Effort An Incentive Analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 15(2), 141-149.
  • Shih, C. H. & Wang, Y. H. (2016). Can Workplace Friendship Reduce Social Loafing?. 10th International Conference on Innovative Mobile and Internet Services in Ubiquitous Computing.
  • Tan, H. & Tan, M. (2008). Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Social Loafing: The Role of Personality, Motives, and Contextual Factors. The Journal of Psychology, 142(1), 89-108.
  • Ülke, H. E. & Bilgiç, R. (2011). Investigating the Role of the Big Five on the Social Loafing of Information Technology Workers. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 19(3), 301-312.
  • Ülke, H. E. (2006). Investigating the Role of Personality and Justice Perceptions on Social Loafing. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ankara: Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • Williams, K. D. & Karau, S. J. (1991). Social Loafing and Social Compensation: the Effects of Expectations of Co-Worker Performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(4), 570-581.
  • Woodman, T., Roberts, R., Hardy, L., Callow. N. & Rogers, C. H. (2011). There Is an “I” in TEAM: Narcissism and Social Loafing. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 82(2), 285-290.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA36GP33DD
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Sibel Aydemir This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2018
Submission Date April 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Aydemir, S. (2018). Algılanan Sosyal Kaytarmanın Örgütlerde Çatışma Eğilimine Etkisi. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(2), 259-275.
AMA Aydemir S. Algılanan Sosyal Kaytarmanın Örgütlerde Çatışma Eğilimine Etkisi. MJSS. April 2018;7(2):259-275.
Chicago Aydemir, Sibel. “Algılanan Sosyal Kaytarmanın Örgütlerde Çatışma Eğilimine Etkisi”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 7, no. 2 (April 2018): 259-75.
EndNote Aydemir S (April 1, 2018) Algılanan Sosyal Kaytarmanın Örgütlerde Çatışma Eğilimine Etkisi. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 7 2 259–275.
IEEE S. Aydemir, “Algılanan Sosyal Kaytarmanın Örgütlerde Çatışma Eğilimine Etkisi”, MJSS, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 259–275, 2018.
ISNAD Aydemir, Sibel. “Algılanan Sosyal Kaytarmanın Örgütlerde Çatışma Eğilimine Etkisi”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 7/2 (April 2018), 259-275.
JAMA Aydemir S. Algılanan Sosyal Kaytarmanın Örgütlerde Çatışma Eğilimine Etkisi. MJSS. 2018;7:259–275.
MLA Aydemir, Sibel. “Algılanan Sosyal Kaytarmanın Örgütlerde Çatışma Eğilimine Etkisi”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 2, 2018, pp. 259-75.
Vancouver Aydemir S. Algılanan Sosyal Kaytarmanın Örgütlerde Çatışma Eğilimine Etkisi. MJSS. 2018;7(2):259-75.

MANAS Journal of Social Studies