Acaricidal effects of some plant essential oils on the adult females of two spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Abstract

In this study, the effects of five essential oils [mint (Mentha arvensis L.), thyme (Origanum onites L.), lemon grass (Cymbopogan citratus), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) and clove (Syzgium aromaticum L.)] were determined on female adults of two spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch, Acari:Tetranychidae). Four different concentrations (0.01, 0.02, 0.03, and 0.04%) of essential oils were applied to adult females on bean leaves prepared according to the leaf-disc method (4 cm) in plastic petri dishes by spraying. At the 24th and 72nd hours following the applications, the mortality rates at the lowest dose of 0.04% of all essential oils ranged between 6±1.87%-11±1.00% and 25±3.53%-41±1.87% (P= 0.000, F=11.711), respectively. The highest mortality rate was in lemongrass treatment (41±1.87% in 0.04% dose) at the 72nd hour. On the 5th day of the observations, the highest mortality rate was in thyme application (77±5.14% in 0.04% dose) and there was no significant difference in lemongrass and clove treatments. On the 7th day, lemongrass oil caused 99±1.00% death, followed by clove (98±1.22%), thyme (96±1.87%) and eucalyptus (85±2.73) and peppermint (82±2.00) treatments in 0.04% concentration. Five of the seven tested essential oils had a toxic effect on the T. urticae females at the highest concentration seven days after application. It can be concluded that the essential oils of lemongrass, clove, and thyme can have a significant acaricidal effect on T. urticae females.

Keywords

• Two spotted spider mite
• Essential oil
• Insecticidal activity
• Pest

Bazı bitki uçucu yağların iki noktalı kırmızı örümcek Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) ergin dişileri üzerine akarisidal etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, beş farklı bitki uçucu yağın [nane (Mentha arvensis L.), kekik (Origanum onites L.), limon otu (Cymbopogan citratus), okaliptüs (Eucalyptus globulus) ve karanfil (Syzgium aromaticum L.)] akarisidal etkisi iki noktalı kırmızı örümcek (Tetranychus urticae Koch, Acari: Tetranychidae) ergin dişileri üzerinde belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada uçucu yağların 4 farklı konsantrasyonu (%0.01, 0.02, 0.03 ve 0.04) yaprak-disk (4 cm) yöntemine göre hazırlanmış fasülye yaprakları üzerindeki ergin dişilere püskürtülerek uygulanmıştır. Uygulamalardan sonraki 24. saatte tüm uçucu yağların %0.04 konsantrasyonunda gerçekleşen ölümün %6±1.87-%11±1.00, 72 saat sonra ise % 25±3.53-%41±1.87 (P< 0.001, F=11.7) arasında değiştiği, en yüksek ölümün limon otu’nda olduğu (%41±1.87) belirlenmiştir. Beşinci günde en yüksek ölüm kekik uygulamasında (%77±5.14, %0.04 konsantrasyon) olmuştur. Son gözlem günü olan 7. günde, limon otu %99±1.00 (%0.04 konsantrasyon) ölüme neden olurken, bunu sırasıyla karanfil (%98±1.22), kekik (%96±1.87), okaliptus (%85±2.73) ve nane (%82±2.00) uçucu yağı uygulamaları takip etmiştir. Çalışmadaki 5 uçucu yağın uygulamadan 7 gün sonra en yüksek uygulama dozunda (%0.04) T. urticae ergin dişileri üzerinde toksik etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Limon otu, karanfil ve kekik uçucu yağlarının T. urticae ergin dişileri üzerinde önemli bir akarisit etkisi olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İki noktalı kırmızı örümcek
• Uçucu yağ
• İnsektisidal aktivite
• Zararlı

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