‘Sweetheart’, ‘Regina’ ve ‘0900 Ziraat’ Kiraz çeşitlerinde meyve çatlamasının önlenmesine yönelik farklı uygulamaların etkisi

Öz

Kiraz yetiştirciliğinde derim zamanına denk gelen uzun süren yağışlar meyvede çatlamaya neden olmaktadır. Bu durum ürün kaybına ve meyve kalitesinin düşmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, farklı uygulamaların Maxma14 anacı üzerine aşılı 7 yaşındaki ‘‘Sweetheart’ ‘Regina’ ve ‘0900 Ziraat’ kiraz çeşitlerinde ben düşme döneminde yapılan Biostimulant (Green Stim, Green Miracle), Bitki Büyüme Düzenleyici (GA3), Kalsiyum Klorit (CaCl2) ve kombinasyonu (CaCl2+GA3) uygulamalarının meyve çatlamasını önlenmesi üzerine etkilerinin araştırılmıştır. Çalışma, 2020-2021 döneminde 1100 m rakımlı Adana ilinin Pozantı ilçesinde bulunan kiraz bahçesinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, derim zamanı, meyve kalite kriterleri (Meyve ağırlığı, SÇKM, meyve eti sertliği, pH, kabuk rengi) ve çatlama indexi saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak uygulamaların kontrolle kıyaslandığında, özellikle sertlik buna bağlı olarak da çatlama indexi değerlerinde büyük farklılıklar saptanmıştır. Çatlamaya en dayanıklı çeşitde %14 ile Regina ve bunu %19.04 ile 0900 Ziraat çeşidi izlemiştir. En hassas çeşit ise %31.20 ile Sweetheart çeşidi olmuştur. Green Stim en etkili uygulama olmuştur. Green Stim uygulaması Regina çeşidinde çatlamayı %85 oranında azaltarak %2 ye düşürmüştür. Benzer şekilde aynı uygulama Sweetheart çeşidinde %85, 0900 Ziraat çeşidinde ise %84 oranında çatlamayı önlediği saptanmıştır. Sonuçlara göre Green Stim uygulaması çatlamayı önleme üzerinde en etkili uygulama olmuştur. Üretici tarafından en çok kullanılan CaCl2 uygulaması ise özellikle çatlamaya daha hassas olan Sweetheart çeşidinde %57 oranında çatlamayı önlemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kiraz
• Çatlama
• Biositimulant
• Hormon
• meyve kalitesi

Effect of different treatments to prevent fruit cracking in 'Sweetheart', 'Regina' and '0900 Ziraat' cherry cultivars

Abstract

In cherry growing, heavy rains that coincide with the harvest time cause in fruit cracking. This causes product loss. In this study, Biostimulant (Green Stim, Green Miracle), Plant Growth Regulator (GA3), Calcium Clorit (CaCl2) and Combination (CaCl2+GA3) was aimed to effects of traitments on the prevention of fruit cracking. The study was carried out in the cherry orchard located in Pozantı, at an altitude of 1100m, in the period of 2020-2021. Harvest time, fruit quality criteria (fruit weight, SÇKM, firmness, pH, peel color) and cracking index were determined. The traitments compared to the control for all varieties, while there are great differences in the results of the cracking index, especially releated with hardness. The most resistant in terms of fruit cracking cultivar was detected Regina with 14%, followed by 0900 Ziraat cultivar with 19.04%. The most sensitive cultivar was Sweetheart with 31.20%. Green Stim has detected the most effective application. It reduced cracking by 85% to 2% in Regina cultivar. Similarly, it was determined that it prevented cracking 85% in Sweetheart cultivar and 84% in 0900 Ziraat cultivar. Green Stim application was the most effective application on preventing cracking. The most widely used CaCl2 application by the producer prevented cracking by 57%, especially in Sweetheart cultivar, which is more sensitive to cracking.

Keywords

• Cherry
• Cracking
• Biositimulant
• Hormone
• Fruit quality

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