Tuz stresine maruz kalan makarnalık buğday çeşitlerinde tohum çimlenmesinin fizyolojik göstergelerindeki farklılıklar

Öz

Tuz stresi altında makarnalık buğday çeşitlerinin çimlenme ve erken fide dönemini değerlendirmek amacıyla, farklı tuz (NaCI) konsantrasyonları (0, 3 ve 6 g L-1) ve 10 adet makarnalık buğday çeşidi (Altıntaş-95, Ç-1252, Dumlupınar, Eminbey, Kunduru-1149, Kızıltan-91, Mirzabey-2000, Soylu, Svevo, Türköz) ile bu araştırma yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada çimlenme ve fide gelişiminin bazı indeksleri hesaplanmış ve analiz edilmiştir. Tuz stresi çimlenme kapasitesini (ÇK) ve çimlenme indeksini (Çİ), önemli ölçüde azaltırken, stres indeksini (Sİ) artırmıştır. Fide büyümesi ve başlangıç canlılığı (İC) da tuz etkisiyle önemli ölçüde engellenmiştir. İncelenen özellikler bakımından, çeşitler arasında farklılıklar ortaya çıkmış olup Altıntaş-95 artan tuz dozlarından en az etkilenen çeşit olurken, Kızıltan-91 ve Svevo en çok etkilenen çeşitler olmuştur. Çeşitlere bağlı olarak, tuz stresi çimlenme kapasitesini azaltırken fide gelişimini de etkilemiştir. Araştırma sonucu elde edilen bulgulara göre ortamda bulunan tuzun, osmotik etkisi nedeniyle bitkilerin su alımını engelleyerek çimlenmeyi geciktirdiği ve yüksek tuz seviyesinin (6 g L-1 NaCl) bitkilerin hücresel yapılarına zarar verdiği bu nedenle de çimlenme ve fide gelişiminin etkilendiği gözlemlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda da buğday çeşitleri arasında belirgin bir ayrım yapma imkânı sağlayan ilk canlılık ve stres indeksinin, tuzluluğa karşı toleranslı bitki genotiplerini belirlemek için faydalı özellikler olduğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çimlenme kapasitesi
• İlk canlılık
• Tuz
• Stres indeksi
• Toksik etki

Differences in physiological indicators of seed germination in durum wheat cultivars subjected to salinity stress

Abstract

This study was conducted using ten different varieties of durum wheat (Altıntaş-95, Ç-1252, Dumlupınar, Eminbey, Kunduru-1149, Kızıltan-91, Mirzabey-2000, Soylu, Svevo, Türköz) to evaluate germination and early seedling stage under salt stress induced by increasing sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations. In the study, some indices of germination and seedling development were calculated and analyzed. Salt stress significantly reduced germination capacity (GC), germination index (GI), while increasing the stress index (SI). Seedling growth and initial vitality (IV) were also significantly inhibited. Varietal differences emerged in all of these traits: Altıntaş-95 was the least affected variety, while Kızıltan-91 and Svevo were the most affected, and other varieties fell in between. Depending on the varieties, salt stress reduced germination capacity and also affected seedling development. Under low salt stress conditions (0-3 g L-1 NaCl), it is believed that the main reason for the negative impact on germination is osmotic stress. Indeed, salt delayed germination by inhibiting water uptake by plants. Similarly, at high salt levels (6 g L-1 NaCl), salt damaged the cellular structures of plants, significantly impacting both germination and seedling growth. In this context, it would be accurate to say that the first viability and stress index, which clearly distinguishes between the varieties studied, are useful traits for identifying salt-tolerant plant genotypes and can be employed in related studies.

Keywords

• Germination Capacity
• Initial Vigor
• Salinity
• Stres İndeksi
• Toxic Effect

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