The combinations of genotype, trait and genotype by yield, trait in triticale using biplot methods for define adaptation of varieties to environment

Abstract

Identifying high-performing triticale genotypes across multiple traits and the correlations among traits is important in a triticale breeding program. In this regard, three cultivars as controls and one promising line cultivar, totaling four genotypes, were evaluated using a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replicates at three locations during two growing seasons. Quantita-tive traits such as days to heading time, plant height, test weight, thousand grain weight, protein content, and yield were recorded. In our study, GT and GYT biplot analyses were used to identify the associations between various traits and select superior cultivars bot-tomed on multiple traits. Among the genotypes, the highest yield in kg per hectare was obtained from the Egeyıldızı variety. The evaluated genotypes exhibited grain yield ranging from 4481 to 5640 kg/ha-1, heading date from 102 to 114 day, plant height from 124 to 133 cm, test weight from 71 to 75 kg/hl, thousand grain weight from 28 to 41 g, from 14 to 17%. The results revealed that the GT biplot explained a smaller proportion of the total variation (95.53%) than the GYT biplot (97.98%). A significant and positive correlation was observed between head-ing date (HD) and protein content (PC). Tacettinbey and Egeyıldızı varieties useful culti-vars were identified using the ATC of the GYT biplot, which could be directly utilized or incorporated into further cultivation for region. the conclusion, it was determined that the candidate variety was weak in competition with existing varieties in terms of some traits, while it was confirmed that its yield potential was higher than the varieties.

Keywords

• Triticale
• Genotype
• Environmet
• Trait

Tritikale'de genotip, özellik ve genotip verim, özellik kombinasyonlarının biplot yöntemi kullanılarak çeşitlerin çevreye adaptasyonunun belirlenmesi

Öz

Tritikale ıslah programında, birden fazla özelliğe sahip yüksek performanslı tritikale genotiplerinin belirlenmesi ve bunların korelasyonu önemlidir. Bu bağlamda, üç adet kontrol çeşidi ve bir aday çeşit adayı olmak üzere toplam dört genotip, iki yetiştirme sezonu boyunca üç lokasyonda dört tekrarlamalı olarak Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Desenine göre değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada başaklanma süresi, bitki boyu, hektolitre ağırlığı, bin tane ağırlığı, protein içeriği ve verim gibi özellikler incelenmiştir. Çalışmamızda, özellikler ile genotipler arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemek için GT ve GYT biplot analizleri kullanılmıştır. En yüksek verim kg/dekar Egeyıldızı çeşidinden elde edilmiştir. Değerlendirilen genotiplerin tane verimi 448-564 kg/da, başaklanma tarihi 102-114 gün, bitki boyu 124-133 cm,hektolitre ağırlığı 71-75 kg/hl, bin tane ağırlığı 28-41 g, protein oranı 14-17 arasında değişmiştir. Sonuçlar, GT biplotunun toplam varyasyonun daha azını (%95,53) GYT biplotuna (%97,98) göre açıkladığını göstermiştir. Başaklanma tarihi (HD) ile protein içeriği (PC) arasında önemli ve pozitif bir korelasyon gözlenmiştir. GYT biplotunun ATC değerleri kullanılarak Tacettinbey ve Egeyıldızı çeşitleri için bölge için doğrudan kullanılabilecek veya daha sonraki ekimlere dahil edilebilecek faydalı çeşitler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, aday çeşidin bazı özellikler bakımından mevcut çeşitlerle rekabette zayıf olduğu belirlenirken, verim potansiyelinin çeşitlerden daha yüksek olduğu doğrulanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tritikale
• Genotip
• Çevre
• Özellik

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