Research Article

The effect of kaolin application on yield and fruit quality in some walnut cultivars

Volume: 31 Number: 3 September 8, 2026
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The effect of kaolin application on yield and fruit quality in some walnut cultivars

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of kaolin applications on yield and fruit quality in several walnut genotypes grown in Yayladağı/Hatay, Türkiye. The genotypes included Bilecik, Şebin, Yalova 1, Yalova 3, Yalova 4, Tokat 1, Malatya 1, 77H-1, and Kaplan 86. Trees were treated with 6% and 3% kaolin on June 1 and June 15, respectively. The maximum temperatures recorded during the field experiment were 31.1°C, 36.5°C, 41.8°C, and 38.8°C for June, July, August, and September, respectively. The study found that nut shape, nut size, shell roughness, resistance to cracking, and kernel venation traits less influenced by environmental conditions were not affected by kaolin dosage. Although the weight of kernel increased with kaolin doses, no clear effects on average nut weight were observed. Nut weight varied among genotypes; the control treatment of Tokat 1 had the lowest nut weight at 8.50 g, while the highest nut weight was recorded in the control plots of Kaplan 86 at 24.55 g. The kaolin application doses had varying effects on the oil and protein content of the cultivars. The lowest oil proportion, 50% for Yalova 1, was obtained from control plots, while the highest oil proportion, 64.8%, was found in kaolin-treated Tokat 1 fruits. The highest protein content, 23.88%, was found in kaolin-treated 77H-1 fruits, whereas the lowest protein proportion, 16.59%, was recorded in the control plots of Tokat 1. In addition, walnuts treated with kaolin had fuller kernels, while control plants produced darker and weaker kernels.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Office

Project Number

13902

Ethical Statement

This article does not require ethical approval as there are no experiments with human or animal subjects

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Horticultural Production (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

September 8, 2026

Submission Date

February 27, 2026

Acceptance Date

April 21, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 31 Number: 3

APA
Tefek, H., Bayazit, S., & Çalışkan, O. (2026). The effect of kaolin application on yield and fruit quality in some walnut cultivars. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 31(3), 517-525. https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1898637
AMA
1.Tefek H, Bayazit S, Çalışkan O. The effect of kaolin application on yield and fruit quality in some walnut cultivars. MKU. J. Agric. Sci. 2026;31(3):517-525. doi:10.37908/mkutbd.1898637
Chicago
Tefek, Hilal, Safder Bayazit, and Oğuzhan Çalışkan. 2026. “The Effect of Kaolin Application on Yield and Fruit Quality in Some Walnut Cultivars”. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 31 (3): 517-25. https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1898637.
EndNote
Tefek H, Bayazit S, Çalışkan O (September 1, 2026) The effect of kaolin application on yield and fruit quality in some walnut cultivars. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 31 3 517–525.
IEEE
[1]H. Tefek, S. Bayazit, and O. Çalışkan, “The effect of kaolin application on yield and fruit quality in some walnut cultivars”, MKU. J. Agric. Sci., vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 517–525, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.37908/mkutbd.1898637.
ISNAD
Tefek, Hilal - Bayazit, Safder - Çalışkan, Oğuzhan. “The Effect of Kaolin Application on Yield and Fruit Quality in Some Walnut Cultivars”. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 31/3 (September 1, 2026): 517-525. https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1898637.
JAMA
1.Tefek H, Bayazit S, Çalışkan O. The effect of kaolin application on yield and fruit quality in some walnut cultivars. MKU. J. Agric. Sci. 2026;31:517–525.
MLA
Tefek, Hilal, et al. “The Effect of Kaolin Application on Yield and Fruit Quality in Some Walnut Cultivars”. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 31, no. 3, Sept. 2026, pp. 517-25, doi:10.37908/mkutbd.1898637.
Vancouver
1.Hilal Tefek, Safder Bayazit, Oğuzhan Çalışkan. The effect of kaolin application on yield and fruit quality in some walnut cultivars. MKU. J. Agric. Sci. 2026 Sep. 1;31(3):517-25. doi:10.37908/mkutbd.1898637