Erkek incirde (Ficus carica var. caprificus) genotip ve sürgün kökeninin köklenme performansı ve erken dönem fidan gelişimi üzerine etkileri

Abstract

Bu çalışma, erkek incirde (Ficus carica var. caprificus) genotip ve sürgün kökeninin (dip ve taç sürgünleri) çelikle çoğaltım başarısı ve erken dönem fidan gelişimi üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. ‘Hamza İlek’, ‘Karabulut’ ve ‘Yanako’ genotiplerinden alınan dip ve taç sürgünü çelikleri perlit ortamında köklendirilmiş; köklenme, kök ve sürgün gelişimi ile hayatta kalma parametreleri değerlendirilmiştir. İlk kök oluşumuna kadar geçen sürenin dip sürgünlerinden alınan çeliklerde daha erken gerçekleştiği belirlenmiştir. Köklenme oranı genotiplere göre farklılık göstermiş; en yüksek değer ‘Karabulut’ (%100), en düşük değer ise ‘Yanako’ (%86,96) genotipinde elde edilmiştir. Sürgün kökeninin köklenme oranı üzerindeki önemli bir etkisi belirlenmemiştir. Buna karşılık hayatta kalma oranı dip sürgünü çeliklerinde (%85,33), taç sürgünü çeliklerine (%60,82) göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Kök sayısı genotiplere bağlı olarak değişirken, kök uzunluğu taç sürgünü çeliklerinde daha yüksek belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, ilk sürgün oluşumu dip sürgünü çeliklerinde daha erken gerçekleşmiştir. Korelasyon analizi sonucunda kök sayısı ile hayatta kalma oranı arasında güçlü ve pozitif bir ilişki (r = 0.704) saptanmış; fidan gelişiminin köklenme oranından ziyade kök sisteminin kalitesi ile daha yakından ilişkili olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Sonuç olarak, erkek incir fidan üretiminde dip sürgünlerinden alınan çeliklerin daha yüksek yaşama gücü ve daha hızlı gelişim sağlaması nedeniyle tercih edilebileceği belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• adventif kök oluşumu
• vejetatik çoğaltım
• dip sürgünü
• odun çeliği

Effects of genotype and shoot origin on rooting performance and early nursery plant development of caprifig (Ficus carica var. caprificus)

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effects of genotypes and shoot origin (basal and crown shoots) on propagation success of cuttings and early seedling growth in male fig (Ficus carica var. caprificus). Basal and crown shoot cuttings obtained from the ‘Hamza İlek’, ‘Karabulut’, and ‘Yanako’ genotypes were rooted in perlite, and rooting, root and shoot growth, and survival parameters were evaluated. Earlier root emergence was observed in cuttings taken from basal shoots. Rooting percentage differed among genotypes, with the highest value obtained from ‘Karabulut’ (100%) and the lowest from ‘Yanako’ (86.96%). Shoot origin had no significant effect on rooting percentage. In contrast, the survival rate was higher in basal shoot cuttings (85.33%) compared to crown shoot cuttings (60.82%). Root number varied among genotypes, whereas root length was greater in crown shoot cuttings. Additionally, the first shoot emergence occurred earlier in basal shoot cuttings. Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive relationship between root number and survival rate (r = 0.704), indicating that seedling development is more closely related to the quality of the root system than to rooting percentage alone. In conclusion, cuttings taken from basal shoots can be preferred in male fig seedling production due to their higher survival capacity and faster growth.

Keywords

• adventitious rooting
• vegetative propagation
• basal shoots
• hardwood cuttings

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