Mikoriza, elementer kükürt ve fosforun biber verimi ve besin elementi alımı üzerine etkileri

Öz

Amaç: Gübreleme tarımda verime katkı sağlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı yeşil biber (Capsicum annuum L.) verimi, kök/sürgün oranı, besin elementi alımı kökle mikorizanın infekte olma düzeyi üzerinde mikoriza ve elemental kükürt (ES) ve fosfor (P) gübrelemesinin etkisini belirlemekti. 

Yöntem ve Bulgular: 100 mg/kg ES and/or 100 mg/kg P gübreleri mikorizalı ve mikorizasız toprağa ilave edildi. 45 gün süreyle yeşil biber bitkisi kireçli sterilize edilmiş Karaburun toprağında yetiştirildi. Kök ve sürgün verimi mikoriza aşılaması ile control uygulamasına göre arttı. Tek başına ES yada P gübrelemesiyle mikorizasız uygulamalarda verim artarken, mikorizalı uygulamalarda tersi durum söz konusu idi. ES and P gübrelemesi birlikte tek başına P gübrelemesine kıyasla mikorizasız uygulamalarda verimi düşürürken, mikorizalı uygulamalarda tersi durum söz konusu idi. Kök sürgün oranı ve sürgün besin elementi konsatrasyonu verimden ve uygulamalardan bağımsız olarak iki yönlü değişim gösterdi. ES ve/veya P ilavesi mikorizal infekte olma düzeyini önemsiz düzeyde azalttı. 

Genel Yorum: Elde edilen bulgular gösteriyor ki ES and/or P gübrelemesi kökle mikorizanın infekte olma düzeyini önemsiz ölçüde azaltmakla birlikte yeşil biber verimini, besin elementi alımını, kök sürgün oranını iki yönde etkilemektedir. 

Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: ES and/or P gübrelemesi mikoriza aşılamasıyla birlikte daha yüksek ürün elde etmek için önemlidir. Bu nedenle bu çalışma biberde verim kayıplarını önlemek için mikorizalı ve mikorizasız yetiştirme koşullarında uygun gübre ve gübre kombinasyonları hakkında bilgi sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mikoriza
• elementel kükürt
• fosfor
• sürgün element konsantrasyonları
• biber verimi

Mycorrhizae, elemental sulfur and phosphorus effects on pepper yield and nutrient uptake

Abstract

Aims: Fertilization contributes to the yield in agriculture. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of mycorrhizae and fertilization of phosphorus (P) and elemental sulfur (ES) on yield responses, root mycorrhizal inoculation level, root to shoot ratio and nutrient uptake of green pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

Methods and Results: 100 mg kg-1 ES and/or 100 mg kg-1 P fertilizers were added with and without mycorrhizal inoculation into the soil. Green pepper was grown for 45 days on calcareous sterilized Karaburun soil. Root and shoot yield increased by mycorrhizal inoculation compared to the control treatment. While fertilization with ES or P alone resulted in yield increase in the non-mycorrhizal treatments, the reverse was the case in the mycorrhizal treatments. The combined effect of ES and P fertilization comparing P fertilization alone decreased the yield in the non-mycorrhizal tratments while the reverse was the case in the mycorrhizal treatments. Root to shoot ratios and shoot nutrient concentrations changed in both directions as independent from the yield and treatments. ES and/or P addition decreased insignificantly mycorrhizal inoculation level.

Conclusions: Obtained results indicated that ES and/or P fertilization affect yield of pepper, nutrient uptake, root to shoot ratio in both ways with insignificantly decreased root mycorrhizal infection level.

Significance and Impact of the Study: ES and/or P fertilization with mycorrhizal inoculation is important to get higher yield. For that reason, this study provides data about appropriate fertilizer or fertilizer combinations to prevent yield loss of pepper in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal growth conditions.

Keywords

• Mycorrhizae
• elemental sulfur
• phosphorus
• shoot nutrient concentrations
• pepper yield

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