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Hatay ili biber (Capsicum annuum L.) üretim alanlarında fitoplazma hastalıklarının, potansiyel vektörlerinin ve diğer konukçularının araştırılması

Year 2022, Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 241 - 252, 01.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1060097

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma 2016-2019 yılları arasında Hatay ili biber alanlarındaki fitoplazma hastalıklarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür.

Yöntem ve Bulgular: Biber arazileri içerisindeki fitoplazmalara özgü belirtiler gösteren biber (Capsicum annuum), susam (Sesamum indicum), fesleğen (Ocimum basilicum), domates (Solanum lycopersicum), tarla sarmaşığı (Convolvulus arvensis) ve böcek (Cicadellidae spp.) örnekleri toplanmıştır. Ziyaret edilen alanlarda, popülasyon yoğunlukları sıralamasına göre, fitoplazmaların böcek vektörleri olarak Empoasca sp., Cicadulina bipunctata, Psammotettix sp., Balchutha hebe, Euscelidius sp., Anaceratagallia laevis ve Exitianus capicola bulunmuştur. Kontrollü koşullarda yapılan T göz aşısı ile, hastalıklı susam ve fesleğen örneklerinden Cezayir menekşesine (Catharanthus roseus) yapılan aşılamalarda hastalık bulaştırılmıştır. Toplam nükleik asit izolasyonu CTAB metoduna göre yapılmıştır. Direkt ve Nested PCR çalışmalarında sırasıyla R16F1/R16R0 ve R16F2n/R16R2 primer çiftleri kullanılmıştır.

Genel Yorum: Fitoplazma bulunan bazı örneklerde DNA dizisi belirlenmiş ve Genbankası’na yüklenmiştir. Biber, domates, fesleğen, susam ve tarla sarmaşığında ve bazı böcek türlerinde fitoplazma tespit edilmiştir. Genbankası’na yüklenen biber (MT993358), susam (MT994434), domates (MT992754), fesleğen (MT994432), Empoasca sp. (MT994430), Exitianus capicola (MT994433), Euscelidius sp. (MT994431) örneklerinde Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii; tarla sarmaşığı (MT993422) ve domates (MT992796) örneklerinde Candidatus Phytoplasma solani tespit edilmiştir.

Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Mevcut literatür bilgilere göre Ca. Phytoplasma trifolii, fesleğende ve vektör böcek olarak Empoasca sp., Exitianus capicola ve Euscelidius sp.’de ülkemizde ilk kez bu çalışma ile tespit edilmiştir.

Supporting Institution

Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu tarafından desteklenmiştir

Project Number

15981

Thanks

Prof. Dr. Hüseyin BAŞPINAR ve Prof. Dr. İlhan ÜREMİŞ'e teşekkür ederiz.

References

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Investigation on phytoplasma diseases, their potential insect vectors and other hosts in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) growing areas of Hatay-Turkey

Year 2022, Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 241 - 252, 01.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1060097

Abstract

Aims: This study was conducted to determine the phytoplasma diseases of pepper plants in Hatay province between 2016 and 2019.

Methods and Results: Samples of pepper (Capsicum annuum), sesame (Sesamum indicum), basil (Ocimum basilicum), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) which had typical phytoplasma symptoms and insect (Cicadellidae spp.) samples were collected from the pepper fields. Empoasca sp., Cicadulina bipunctata, Psammotettix sp., Balchutha hebe, Euscelidius sp., Anaceratagallia laevis and Exitianus capicola were found as potential insect vectors of the phytoplasmas as descending order of population densities. T-budding grafting technique was successful for phytoplasma transmission from infected sesame and basil plants to healthy periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) plants in controlled conditions. Phytoplasmas were detected in pepper, tomato, basil, sesame and bindweed and from some insect samples. Total nucleic acid isolation was accomplished by the CTAB method. Direct and Nested PCR were used employing R16F1/R16R0 and R16F2n/R16R2 primer pairs respectively.

Conclusions: DNA of positive samples were sequenced, and uploaded to Genbank, and were identified as Ca. Phytoplasma trifolii on pepper (MT993358), sesame (MT994434), tomato (MT992754), basil (MT994432), Empoasca sp. (MT994430), Exitianus capicola (MT994433), Euscelidius sp. (MT994431); and as Ca. Phytoplasma solani on binweed (MT993422) and tomato (MT992796).

Significance and Impact of the Study: According to our knowledge, this study is the first to identify and upload to Genbank of Ca. Phytoplasma trifolii on basil and Empoasca sp., Exitianus capicola and Euscelidius sp. as insect vectors of the diseases in Turkey.

Project Number

15981

References

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  • Bertaccini A, Lee IM (2018) “Phytoplasmas: an update,”. in: Phytoplasmas: Plant Pathogenic Bacteria-I, in Characterization and Epidemiology of Phytoplasma-Associated Diseases. Phytoplasmas: Plant Pathogenic Bacteria-I, 1-29.
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  • Chiykowski LN (1965) A yellows-type virus of Alsike Clover in Alberta. Canadian Journal of Botany, 43(5), 527-536. doi: 10.1139/b65-058.
  • Çağlar BK, Elbeaino T, Küsek M, Pehlivan D, Fidan H, Portakaldalı M (2010) Stolbur Phytoplasma Infections in Potato and Tomato Plants from Different Locations in Turkey. J. Turk. Phytopath., 39 (1-3): 1-8.
  • Çıtır A (1985) Preliminary investigation of potato diseases caused by MLOs in Erzurum region. Journal of Turkish Phytopathology, 14: 53-63.
  • DeWitt D, Gerlach N (1990) The whole chile pepper book.
  • Doi Y, Teranaka M, Yora K, Asuyama H (1967) Mycoplasma -or PLT group‐like microorganisms found in the phloem elements of plants infected with mulberry dwarf, potato witches’ broom, aster yellows or paulownia witches’ broom. Ann. Phytopathol. Soc. Jpn, 33: 259-266.
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  • Eken Nİ, Mavi K (2016) Çan Biberinde (Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum) Meyve Olgunluk Dönemleri ile Tohum Gelişimi ve Kalitesi Arasındaki İlişkilerin Belirlenmesi. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 22: 69-76.
  • Ember I, Acs Z, Munyaneza JE, Crosslin JM, Kolber M (2011) Survey and molecular detection of Phytoplasmas associated with potato in Romania and southern Russia. Eur. J. Plant Pathol., 130: 367-377.
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  • Girsova NV, Bottner-Parker KD, Bogoutdinov DZ, Kastalyeva TB, Meshkov YI, Mozhaeva KA, Lee IM (2017) Diverse Phytoplasmas associated with leguminous crops in Russia. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 149(3): 599-610.
  • Golino DA, Oldfield GN, Gumpf DJ (1989) Experimental hosts of the beet leafhopper-transmitted virescence agent. Plant Disease, 73(10): 850-854.
  • Gopala, Ekta Khasa, Ashutosh Rao, Madhupriya, Rao GP (2018) Molecular characterization of 'Clover proliferation' Phytoplasma subgroup-D (16SrVI-D) associated with vegetables crops in India. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 24(2): 203-210.
  • Gundersen DE, Lee IM (1996) Ultrasensitive detection of Phytoplasmas by nested-PCR assays using two universal primer pairs. Phytopathol Mediterr., 35:144-151.
  • Gungoosingh-Bunwaree A, Bertaccini A, Benimadhu SP (2007) Presence of Phytoplasma infections in tomato plants in Mauritius. Bull. Insectol., 60: 151-152.
  • Hiruki C, Wang K (2004) Clover proliferation Phytoplasma: 'Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii'. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 54(4): 1349-1353.
  • Hogenhout AS, Music MS (2010) Phytoplasma Genomics, from Sequencing to Comparative and Functional Genomics- What Have We Learnt? Phytoplasmas Genoms, Plant Hosts and Vectors, 19-37.
  • Hosseini SAE, Salehi M, Mirchenari SM, Bertaccini A (2016) First report of a 16SrII-D phytoplasma associated with Calendula officinalis phyllody in Iran. New Disease Reports 34: 22. [http://dx.doi.org/10.5197/j.2044-0588.2016.034.022]
  • IRPCM (2004) ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma’, a taxon for the wall‐less, non‐helical prokaryotes that colonize plant phloem and insects. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 54: 1243-1255.
  • Jakovljević M, Jović J, Krstić O, Mitrović M, Marinković S, Toševski I, Cvrković T (2020) Diversity of phytoplasmas identified in the polyphagous leafhopper Euscelis incisus (Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) in Serbia: pathogen inventory, epidemiological significance and vectoring potential. Eur J Plant Pathol 156, 201-221. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-019-01878-w
  • Kılıç M, Sertkaya E (2019) Hatay ilinde yetiştirilen Solanaceae familyasına ait sebzelerde zararlı Cicadellidae, Cixiidae ve Delphacidae (Hemiptera) türleri, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi. 24(3): 217- 231.
  • Kumari DA, Vennila DS, Bhat MN, Rao GP (2018) Increasing incidence of tomato big bud Phytoplasma in Ranga Reddy District of Telangana State, India. Ind. Phytopathol., 71: 207-211.
  • Kumari S, Nagendran K, Rai AB, Singh B, Rao GP, Bertaccini A (2019) Global Status of Phytoplasma Diseases in Vegetable Crops. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10: 1349. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01349.
  • Lee IM, Davis RE, Gundersen‐Rindal DE (2000) Phytoplasma: phytopathogenic mollicutes. Annu. Rev. Microbiol., 54: 221-255.
  • Lee IM, Gundersen DE, Hammond RW, Davis RE (1994) Use of mycoplasmalike organism (MLO) group-specific oligonucleotide primers for nested-PCR assays to detect mixed- MLO infections in a single host plant. Phytopathology, 84 (6): 559-566.
  • Lee IM, Gundersen-Rindal DE, Bertaccini A (1998) Phytoplasma: ecology and genomic diversity. Phytopathology, 88: 1359-1366.
  • McCoy RE, Caudwell A, Chang CJ, Chen TA, Chiykowski LN, Cousin MT, Dale JL, De Leeuw GTN, Golino DA, Hackett KJ, Kirkpatrick BC, Marwitz R, Petzold H, Sinha RC, Sugiura M, Whitcomb RF, Yang IL, Zhu BM, Seemüller E (1989) Plant diseases associated with mycoplasma-like organisms. pp. 546-640. In: The Mycoplasmas. Vol. 5 (Whitcomb R. F., Tully J. G., Eds). Academic Press, New York, USA.
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There are 65 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Hakan Çarpar 0000-0002-2511-4480

Gülşen Sertkaya 0000-0003-3319-1790

Project Number 15981
Publication Date August 1, 2022
Submission Date January 19, 2022
Acceptance Date April 11, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 27 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Çarpar, H., & Sertkaya, G. (2022). Investigation on phytoplasma diseases, their potential insect vectors and other hosts in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) growing areas of Hatay-Turkey. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(2), 241-252. https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.1060097

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